Proverbs Summarized [2 of 2]
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Summary of the book
Summary of the book
THE THREE KINDS OF HEBREW POETRY
THE THREE KINDS OF HEBREW POETRY
lyric poetry, which was originally accompanied by music on the lyre (the Psalms)
didactic poetry, which, using maxims, was designed to communicate basic principles of life (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes)
dramatic poetry, which used dialog to communicate its message (Job and the Song of Solomon).
Did you ever remember poems for school? Has it brought guidance to your life. Try memorizing Proverbs. They are always relevant.
Parallelism. In contrast to English verse which manipulates sound and emphasizes rhyme and meter, Hebrew poetry repeats and rearranges thoughts rather than sounds.
Old Mother Hubbard
Old Mother Hubbard
Went to the cupboard,
To give the poor dog a bone;
When she came there
The cupboard was bare,
And so the poor dog had none.
1. Synonymous--the thought of the first line is basically repeated in different words in the second line. Proverbs 18:7 “7 A fool’s mouth is his destruction, And his lips are the snare of his soul.”
7 A fool’s mouth is his destruction, And his lips are the snare of his soul.
7 A fool’s mouth is his destruction, And his lips are the snare of his soul.
2. Antithetical--the thought of the first line is emphasized by a contrasting thought in the second line. They are often identified with “but.”Proverbs 18:23 “23 The poor useth intreaties; But the rich answereth roughly.”
23 The poor useth intreaties; But the rich answereth roughly.
23 The poor useth intreaties; But the rich answereth roughly.
3. Synthetic--the second line explains or further develops the idea of the first line Psalm 1:3 “3 And he shall be like a tree planted by the rivers of water, That bringeth forth his fruit in his season; His leaf also shall not wither; And whatsoever he doeth shall prosper.”
3 And he shall be like a tree planted by the rivers of water, That bringeth forth his fruit in his season; His leaf also shall not wither; And whatsoever he doeth shall prosper.
3 And he shall be like a tree planted by the rivers of water, That bringeth forth his fruit in his season; His leaf also shall not wither; And whatsoever he doeth shall prosper.
4. Climactic--The second line repeats with the exception of the last terms (29:1). Psalm 29:1 “1 Give unto the Lord, O ye mighty, Give unto the Lord glory and strength.”
1 Give unto the Lord, O ye mighty, Give unto the Lord glory and strength.
1 Give unto the Lord, O ye mighty, Give unto the Lord glory and strength.
5. Emblematic--One line conveys the main point, the other line illuminates it by an image. Psalm 42:1 “1 As the hart panteth after the water brooks, So panteth my soul after thee, O God.”
1 As the hart panteth after the water brooks, So panteth my soul after thee, O God.
1 As the hart panteth after the water brooks, So panteth my soul after thee, O God.
Original Recipients
Original Recipients
Solomon addressed his sayings to the “wise man” (1:5) and his son (1:8; 2:1)
Proverbs 1:5 “5 A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; And a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels:”
5 A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; And a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels:
5 A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; And a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels:
Proverbs 1:8 “8 My son, hear the instruction of thy father, And forsake not the law of thy mother:”
8 My son, hear the instruction of thy father, And forsake not the law of thy mother:
8 My son, hear the instruction of thy father, And forsake not the law of thy mother:
Authors
Authors
Several different authors wrote the Book of Proverbs. The largest portion was written by Solomon, son of David
Many other proverbs were written by Solomon but not inspired and not preserved in the Canon (25:1).
Proverbs 25:1 “1 These are also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out.”
1 These are also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out.
1 These are also proverbs of Solomon, which the men of Hezekiah king of Judah copied out.
He “spoke three thousand proverbs and his songs numbered a thousand and five” (1 Kings 4:32)
32 And he spake three thousand proverbs: and his songs were a thousand and five.
32 And he spake three thousand proverbs: and his songs were a thousand and five.
Note about the Canon of Scripture
Note about the Canon of Scripture
Why are some proverbs in the Bible and others aren’t?
MESSAGE: Genuine wisdom is built upon the fear of the Lord and is at the disposal of those who seek Him and His ways.
Challenging book to divide.
Here is one way that I think we can get a good summary of the book by looking at the values that God loves in reverse by seeing what He hates.
Proverbs 6:16-19 “16 These six things doth the Lord hate: Yea, seven are an abomination unto him: 17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood, 18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief, 19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.”
16 These six things doth the Lord hate: Yea, seven are an abomination unto him: 17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood, 18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief, 19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.
16 These six things doth the Lord hate: Yea, seven are an abomination unto him: 17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood, 18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief, 19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.
Eyes of Humility
A tongue of truth
Hands of honest work
A Good heart
Feet of caution
Creators of right relationships
Quick Review
Quick Review
Eyes of Humility
Eyes of Humility
Proverbs 6:17 “17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,”
17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,
17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,
We are given strong and clear wisdom about this.
We should not be wise in our own eyes. Proverbs 3:5-7
5 Trust in the Lord with all thine heart; And lean not unto thine own understanding. 6 In all thy ways acknowledge him, And he shall direct thy paths. 7 Be not wise in thine own eyes: Fear the Lord, and depart from evil.
5 Trust in the Lord with all thine heart; And lean not unto thine own understanding. 6 In all thy ways acknowledge him, And he shall direct thy paths. 7 Be not wise in thine own eyes: Fear the Lord, and depart from evil.
It is called arrogancy. Proverbs 8:13 “13 The fear of the Lord is to hate evil: Pride, and arrogancy, and the evil way, And the froward mouth, do I hate.”
13 The fear of the Lord is to hate evil: Pride, and arrogancy, and the evil way, And the froward mouth, do I hate.
13 The fear of the Lord is to hate evil: Pride, and arrogancy, and the evil way, And the froward mouth, do I hate.
Pride makes a fool of those who live by it. Proverbs 16:18-19
18 Pride goeth before destruction, And an haughty spirit before a fall. 19 Better it is to be of an humble spirit with the lowly, Than to divide the spoil with the proud.
18 Pride goeth before destruction, And an haughty spirit before a fall. 19 Better it is to be of an humble spirit with the lowly, Than to divide the spoil with the proud.
Eyes of humility give us a right view of God
Eyes of humility give us a right view of God
Eyes of humility give us a right view of ourselves and others
Eyes of humility give us a right view of ourselves and others
This truth is repeated by the same author in James 4:6 “6 But he giveth more grace. Wherefore he saith, God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the humble.”
6 But he giveth more grace. Wherefore he saith, God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the humble.
6 But he giveth more grace. Wherefore he saith, God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the humble.
A tongue of truth
A tongue of truth
Proverbs 6:17 “17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,”
17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,
17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,
Commitment that our mouth will speak truth. Proverbs 8:7 “7 For my mouth shall speak truth; And wickedness is an abomination to my lips.”
7 For my mouth shall speak truth; And wickedness is an abomination to my lips.
7 For my mouth shall speak truth; And wickedness is an abomination to my lips.
People who slander are foolish. Proverbs 10:18
18 He that hideth hatred with lying lips, And he that uttereth a slander, is a fool.
18 He that hideth hatred with lying lips, And he that uttereth a slander, is a fool.
Better to be poor and honest than lying and rich. Proverbs 19:1 “1 Better is the poor that walketh in his integrity, Than he that is perverse in his lips, and is a fool.”
1 Better is the poor that walketh in his integrity, Than he that is perverse in his lips, and is a fool.
1 Better is the poor that walketh in his integrity, Than he that is perverse in his lips, and is a fool.
God hears all that comes from our tongues
God hears all that comes from our tongues
We need to be aware of the power that is in our tongue
We need to be aware of the power that is in our tongue
This truth is repeated by the same author in James 3:6 “6 And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity: so is the tongue among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course of nature; and it is set on fire of hell.”
6 And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity: so is the tongue among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course of nature; and it is set on fire of hell.
6 And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity: so is the tongue among our members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the course of nature; and it is set on fire of hell.
Hands of honest work
Hands of honest work
Proverbs 6:17 “17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,”
17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,
17 A proud look, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood,
“Hands that shed innocent blood” are hands full of rebellion against God. .
Wisdom tells us to work and not to spend energy on things that are of no value. Proverbs 6:6
6 Go to the ant, thou sluggard; Consider her ways, and be wise:
6 Go to the ant, thou sluggard; Consider her ways, and be wise:
Rebellion towards God, shown in slothfulness, brings us under bondage. Proverbs 12:24 “24 The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: But the slothful shall be under tribute.”
24 The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: But the slothful shall be under tribute.
24 The hand of the diligent shall bear rule: But the slothful shall be under tribute.
Slothfulness is the same as wasting opportunity. Proverbs 18:9
9 He also that is slothful in his work Is brother to him that is a great waster.
9 He also that is slothful in his work Is brother to him that is a great waster.
survey shows that only 16 percent of the workers interviewed said they were doing the best job they could at work.
A proper view of God should give us a proper view of work.
A proper view of God should give us a proper view of work.
What does our actions say about our trust in God’s Word concerning work.
What does our actions say about our trust in God’s Word concerning work.
Eyes of Humility
A tongue of truth
Hands of honest work
A Good heart
Feet of caution
Creators of right relationships
A Good Heart
A Good Heart
Proverbs 6:18 “18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief,”
18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief,
18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief,
God made our hearts for Himself.
Our reason for existence is to fear, to love, to honor, and to enjoy Him forever.
Our mission in life is to discover from the depths of our hearts the richness of His love for us and for others.
The book of Proverbs shows us the importance of the condition of our heart.
We should continually work at guarding it. Proverbs 4:23 “23 Keep thy heart with all diligence; For out of it are the issues of life.”
23 Keep thy heart with all diligence; For out of it are the issues of life.
23 Keep thy heart with all diligence; For out of it are the issues of life.
We have the potential to be an abomination of His delight. It is a matter of the heart. Proverbs 11:20 “20 They that are of a froward heart are abomination to the Lord: But such as are upright in their way are his delight.”
20 They that are of a froward heart are abomination to the Lord: But such as are upright in their way are his delight.
20 They that are of a froward heart are abomination to the Lord: But such as are upright in their way are his delight.
Distorted thinking is despised. Proverbs 12:8 “8 A man shall be commended according to his wisdom: But he that is of a perverse heart shall be despised.”
8 A man shall be commended according to his wisdom: But he that is of a perverse heart shall be despised.
8 A man shall be commended according to his wisdom: But he that is of a perverse heart shall be despised.
A perverse heart is one of a faithless generation. Luke 9:41 “41 And Jesus answering said, O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you, and suffer you? Bring thy son hither.”
41 And Jesus answering said, O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you, and suffer you? Bring thy son hither.
41 And Jesus answering said, O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you, and suffer you? Bring thy son hither.
Beware of a perverse hear it leads to a twisted mind.
God cares about us completely; heart and all.
God cares about us completely; heart and all.
God wants us to be more concerned about what is in us than what is around us.
God promises to lead us through the circumstances of life as we give Him the ways and loves of our heart.
God’s emphasis on the condition of our hearts is seen clearly in the attitudes and teachings of the Lord Jesus.
We need to consider the condition of our heart
Our greatest needs are not needs of family, workplace, or bank account—our greatest needs are the needs of our own heart.
Because our tendency is to use our imagination for evil rather than for good, we would be lost without Christ’s payment for our sin and His Spirit to create within us a clean heart.
Feet of Caution
Feet of Caution
Proverbs 6:18 “18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief,”
18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief,
18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, Feet that be swift in running to mischief,
God values self-control and caution.
In all relationships and areas of life, He values feet that sense danger and stay clear of trouble.
He warns of feet that walk in the path of wickedness and edge curiously and dangerously close to temptation.
The Lord made feet to enable us to walk throughout all the earth in His service, not to carry us into trouble and misery.
He made feet to enable us to run from temptation, not to chase after evil.
We have a choice about our direction. Proverbs 4:14 “14 Enter not into the path of the wicked, And go not in the way of evil men.”
14 Enter not into the path of the wicked, And go not in the way of evil men.
14 Enter not into the path of the wicked, And go not in the way of evil men.
Before we take a path we should ponder. Proverbs 4:26 “26 Ponder the path of thy feet, And let all thy ways be established.”
26 Ponder the path of thy feet, And let all thy ways be established.
26 Ponder the path of thy feet, And let all thy ways be established.
Quick steps often lead to missteps. Proverbs 19:2 “2 Also, that the soul be without knowledge, it is not good; And he that hasteth with his feet sinneth.”
2 Also, that the soul be without knowledge, it is not good; And he that hasteth with his feet sinneth.
2 Also, that the soul be without knowledge, it is not good; And he that hasteth with his feet sinneth.
Cautious feet don’t just happen. They are the result of the other factors of wisdom that we have already considered. Eyes of Humility, A tongue of truth, Hands of honest work. A Good heart
Let God guide your steps
Let God guide your steps
From His perspective, God can see much farther down the road.
God wants us to develop a spirit of caution and self-discipline in everything we do.
God’s ability to see dangers we are apt to miss is seen in Christ’s warnings about the Pharisees who were some of the most religious and reputable people of His day.
The challenges we face
The challenges we face
We are more inclined to follow our heart and our desires than to think about where those unexamined and untested desires are taking us.
Because of our emotions, we often take off walking to sin
We continually need Christ not only for forgiveness but for His Spirit of guidance and direction.
Creators of right relationships
Creators of right relationships
Six and Seven Proverbs 6:19 “19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.”
19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.
19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.
Why not just say seven? Why six then say seven. it is a poetic device to help emphasize what we are reading
This is not to say that God values peace at any cost.
We must value truth. It is not in contradiction to love but the bedrock. Proverbs 6:19 “19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.”
19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.
19 A false witness that speaketh lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.
The book of Proverbs shows that there is a time for conflict;
Parents are told not to withhold correction from children for fear of the child’s loud cries of protest.
A wise person is told to confront a fool without being dragged down to the fool’s level.
The Lord’s people are encouraged to be advocates of truth and justice, both of which have a way of making enemies along the way.
Throughout Proverbs, God helps us to take another look at what we are fighting about and why.
We should not be taken up needless and causeless strifes. Proverbs 3:30 “30 Strive not with a man without cause, If he have done thee no harm.”
30 Strive not with a man without cause, If he have done thee no harm.
30 Strive not with a man without cause, If he have done thee no harm.
Small debates can take over fast like a broken dam. Proverbs 17:14 “14 The beginning of strife is as when one letteth out water: Therefore leave off contention, before it be meddled with.”
14 The beginning of strife is as when one letteth out water: Therefore leave off contention, before it be meddled with.
14 The beginning of strife is as when one letteth out water: Therefore leave off contention, before it be meddled with.
Be careful not to by interfere in a situation you know little about. Proverbs 26:17 “17 He that passeth by, and meddleth with strife belonging not to him, Is like one that taketh a dog by the ears.”
17 He that passeth by, and meddleth with strife belonging not to him, Is like one that taketh a dog by the ears.
17 He that passeth by, and meddleth with strife belonging not to him, Is like one that taketh a dog by the ears.
We should make every effort to live peaceably with all men. Romans 12:8 “8 Or he that exhorteth, on exhortation: he that giveth, let him do it with simplicity; he that ruleth, with diligence; he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness.”
8 Or he that exhorteth, on exhortation: he that giveth, let him do it with simplicity; he that ruleth, with diligence; he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness.
8 Or he that exhorteth, on exhortation: he that giveth, let him do it with simplicity; he that ruleth, with diligence; he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness.
God as the ultimate example for our relationships
God as the ultimate example for our relationships
God’s love for peace is never at the expense of His love for truth and justice.
God’s example and standard for peace-making is seen in the example of Christ, who went to war with evil and evil men to draw people to God and to one another.
We must leave honestly about our relationships
We must leave honestly about our relationships
Our natural tendencies toward pride, lying, self protection, rewards without work, selfish hearts, and rashness incline us to divide more than to unite.
Because real peace comes from God, we cannot be a source of peace unless we are first at peace with Him.
We would be lost without Christ’s willingness to die for our sins of conflict so He could offer us peace with His Father.
What about when they don’t work?
What about when they don’t work?
Proverbs are not promises. Proverbs are the way life generally goes, they’re general principles for life.
Proverbs 22:6 “6 Train up a child in the way he should go: And when he is old, he will not depart from it.”
6 Train up a child in the way he should go: And when he is old, he will not depart from it.
6 Train up a child in the way he should go: And when he is old, he will not depart from it.
Proverbs 16:7 “7 When a man’s ways please the Lord, He maketh even his enemies to be at peace with him.”
7 When a man’s ways please the Lord, He maketh even his enemies to be at peace with him.
7 When a man’s ways please the Lord, He maketh even his enemies to be at peace with him.
Christ Himself shows us that we must think carefully about the principles and promises of Proverbs.
Closing
Closing
Proverbs 26:7 “7 The legs of the lame are not equal: So is a parable in the mouth of fools.”
7 The legs of the lame are not equal: So is a parable in the mouth of fools.
7 The legs of the lame are not equal: So is a parable in the mouth of fools.
A fool cannot be trusted with a message: Proverbs 26:6 “6 He that sendeth a message by the hand of a fool Cutteth off the feet, and drinketh damage.”
6 He that sendeth a message by the hand of a fool Cutteth off the feet, and drinketh damage.
6 He that sendeth a message by the hand of a fool Cutteth off the feet, and drinketh damage.
Also a proverb in his mouth. Proverbs 26:9 “9 As a thorn goeth up into the hand of a drunkard, So is a parable in the mouth of fools.”
9 As a thorn goeth up into the hand of a drunkard, So is a parable in the mouth of fools.
9 As a thorn goeth up into the hand of a drunkard, So is a parable in the mouth of fools.
Proverbs to a foolish person is as useless as limp legs to a lame man. Proverbs 25:19 “19 Confidence in an unfaithful man in time of trouble Is like a broken tooth, and a foot out of joint.”
19 Confidence in an unfaithful man in time of trouble Is like a broken tooth, and a foot out of joint.
19 Confidence in an unfaithful man in time of trouble Is like a broken tooth, and a foot out of joint.
A fool does not know what to do with a proverb; he does not understand it or apply it.