Romans 11.27-Paul Cites Isaiah 59.21, 27.9 To Teach That There Will Be A National Regeneration Of Israel At Christ's Second Advent
Wenstrom Bible Ministries
Pastor-Teacher Bill Wenstrom
Tuesday August 25, 2009
Romans: Romans 11:27-Paul Cites Isaiah 59:21, 27:9 To Teach That There Will Be A National Regeneration Of Israel At Christ’s Second Advent
Lesson # 382
Please turn in your Bibles to Romans 11:25.
In Romans 11:25, to protect his Gentile Christian readers from arrogance, the apostle Paul informs them of a mystery, namely that a partial hardening has occurred in Israel until the full number of Gentiles who will be saved has come to pass.
Romans 11:25, “For I do not want you, brethren, to be uninformed of this mystery -- so that you will not be wise in your own estimation -- that a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in.”
Sunday we noted Romans 11:26 and in this passage, Paul cites Isaiah 59:20 to support his assertion that there will be a national regeneration of Israel and to teach that it will take place at Christ’s Second Advent.
Romans 11:26, “And so all Israel will be saved; just as it is written, ‘THE DELIVERER WILL COME FROM ZION, HE WILL REMOVE UNGODLINESS FROM JACOB.’”
This evening we will study Romans 11:27 and in this passage, Paul cites Isaiah 59:21 and 27:9 to support his assertion that there will be a national regeneration of Israel, which will take place at Christ’s Second Advent.
Romans 11:27, “THIS IS MY COVENANT WITH THEM, WHEN I TAKE AWAY THEIR SINS.’”
In Romans 11:26, Paul cites Isaiah 59:20 to support his statement in Romans 11:26a that “all Israel will be saved,” which refers to the national regeneration of the nation of Israel at Christ’s Second Advent.
In Romans 11:27, Paul cites a combination of Isaiah 59:21 and 27:9 as further support for his prediction in Romans 11:26 that there will be a national regeneration of Israel.
He puts these two quotations together since they contain similar ideas and are a reference to the New Covenant that is recorded in detail in Jeremiah 31:31-34.
Jeremiah 31:31-34, “Behold, days are coming, declares the LORD, ‘when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, not like the covenant which I made with their fathers in the day I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, My covenant which they broke, although I was a husband to them,’ declares the LORD. But this is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel after those days,’ declares the LORD, ‘I will put My law within them and on their heart I will write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. They will not teach again, each man his neighbor and each man his brother, saying, ‘Know the LORD,’ for they will all know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them,’ declares the LORD, ‘for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.’”
So in Romans 11:26b-27 to validate his assertion in Romans 11:26a that there will be a national regeneration of Israel and to teach that this will take place at Christ’s Second Advent, Paul quotes Isaiah 59:20-21 and 27:9.
Romans 11:27, “THIS IS MY COVENANT WITH THEM, WHEN I TAKE AWAY THEIR SINS.”
“MY COVENANT” is composed of the preposition para (paraV) and the genitive first personal singular form of the personal pronoun ego (e)gwv), “MY” and the articular nominative feminine singular form of the noun diatheke (diaqhvkh) (dee-ath-ay-kay), “COVENANT.”
In Romans 11:27, the noun diatheke, “covenant” refers to specifically to the New Covenant since in context Paul is speaking of the future national regeneration of the nation of Israel at Christ’s Second Advent, which the New Covenant speaks of.
Also, he is presenting the provision of the forgiveness of sins, which appears in the New Covenant.
The Lord established four great unconditional covenants with the nation of Israel and all will be fulfilled literally at Christ’s Second Advent and subsequent millennial reign: (1) Abrahamic (Gen. 12:1-3; 13:16; 22:15-18; 26:4; 28:14; 35:11; Ex. 6:2-8). (2) Palestinian (Gen. 13:15; Ex. 6:4, 8; Num. 34:1-12; Deut. 30:1-9; Jer. 32:36-44; Ezek. 36:21-38). (3) Davidic (2 Sam. 7:8-17; Ps. 89:20-37) (4) New (Jer. 31:31-34; cf. Heb. 8:8-12; 10:15-17).
The “Mosaic” covenant is the only “conditional” covenant that Israel received from God (cf. Ex. 19:4-6; Deut. 4:4-8 with Ex. 2:24-25; Deut. 4:36-38; 29:31; 1 Chron. 16:15-19).
A covenant is a compact or agreement between two parties binding them mutually to undertakings on each other’s behalf.
Theologically (used of relations between God and man) it denotes a gracious undertaking entered into by God for the benefit and blessing of man, and specifically of those men who by faith receive the promises and commit themselves to the obligations, which this undertaking involves.
There two categories of covenants: (1) Conditional (2) Unconditional.
The fulfillment of unconditional covenants depended entirely upon the faithfulness of God rather than the faithfulness of man whereas the fulfillment of a conditional covenant depended upon the faithfulness of man.
In a conditional covenant, that which was covenanted depended on the recipient of the covenant for its fulfillment, not on the one making the covenant.
The New Covenant is unconditional meaning that it is based upon the faithfulness of God rather than the faithfulness of Israel (Jer. 31:31-37).
The New covenant is related to the restoration of the nation during the Second Advent and His subsequent millennial reign.
The blessings the nation of Israel will receive are based on the New Covenant (Isa. 61:8-9; Hos. 2:18-20).
The greatest blessing in this covenant is that of being brought in close relationship with God (Jer. 30:22; 31:33; 32:38-41; Ezek. 11:20; 34:25-27; 37:27).
The New Covenant with Israel was based upon the voluntary substitutionary spiritual and physical deaths of the impeccable humanity of Christ in hypostatic union (Luke 22:20; 1 Corinthians 11:25).
The Lord Jesus Christ is the mediator of this New Covenant to Israel.
Hebrews 12:24a, “and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant.”
Therefore, in Romans 11:27, the noun diatheke refers to the New Covenant, which the Lord Jesus Christ will establish with Israel at His Second Advent and subsequent judgment of Israel and millennial reign.
Romans 11:27, “THIS IS MY COVENANT WITH THEM, WHEN I TAKE AWAY THEIR SINS.’”
“WITH THEM” refers to the regenerate citizens of the nation of Israel since they receive the forgiveness of sins through faith in Jesus Christ.
“WHEN” is the temporal conjunction hotan (o%tan) (hot-an), which is employed with the subjunctive mood of the verb aphaireo, “I TAKE AWAY” in order to denote that it will be a manifestation of the New Covenant “whenever” Jews place their faith in Jesus Christ at His Second Advent and as a result receive the forgiveness of sins.
“I TAKE AWAY” is the first person singular aorist middle subjunctive form of the verb aphaireo (a)fairevw) (af-i-reh-o), which means “to remove” and is used with the Lord Jesus Christ as its subject and its object are the sins of those Jews who trusted in Him as Savior at His Second Advent.
This indicates that the manifestation of the New Covenant will be that the Lord Jesus Christ will remove the sins of those Jews who trusted in Him as Savior at His Second Advent in the sense that through their faith in Christ they will appropriate the forgiveness of sins.
“THEIR SINS” is composed of the articular accusative feminine plural form of the hamartia (a(martiva) (ham-ar-tee-ah), “SINS” and the genitive masculine third person plural form of the intensive personal pronoun autos (au)tov$) (ow-tos), “THEIR.”
In Romans 11:27, the noun hamartia is used with reference to mental, verbal and overt acts of personal sin from the perspective that these acts miss the mark of the absolute perfection of God’s character, i.e. His holiness.
The intensive personal pronoun autos refers to those Jews who trust in Jesus Christ as Savior since Paul is speaking of Christ removing these sins from these Jews.
So as we can see from our study of Romans 11:27, Paul cites a combination of Isaiah 59:21 and 27:9 as further support for his prediction in Romans 11:26 that there will be a national regeneration of Israel.
These quotations are alluding to the New Covenant recorded in Jeremiah 31:31-34, which refers to this national regeneration of Israel at Christ’s Second Advent.
Paul in Romans 11:27 quotes Isaiah 59:21 and 27:9 to teach that this national regeneration of Israel will involve the Lord fulfilling one of His promises in this covenant, namely removing the sins from those Jews who have faith in His Son Jesus Christ.