(NTS 007) The Gospel of John
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10 For Ezra had set his heart to study the Law of the Lord, and to do it and to teach his statutes and rules in Israel.
Author: John
Author: John
Once again, unnamed.
Internal and external evidence supports this.
External.
He was widely accepted as the author by early church fathers.
Internal.
In depth detail that had to be eye-witness.
In depth knowledge of Jewish customs.
Wrote 1,2, & 3 John and Revelation.
A Jew.
A Jew.
The son of a fisherman.
The son of a fisherman.
21 And going on from there he saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets, and he called them.
The younger brother of James.
The younger brother of James.
10 and so also were James and John, sons of Zebedee, who were partners with Simon. And Jesus said to Simon, “Do not be afraid; from now on you will be catching men.”
Because his name is always second.
Also Peter’s business partner.
Untrained and uneducated.
Untrained and uneducated.
13 Now when they saw the boldness of Peter and John, and perceived that they were uneducated, common men, they were astonished. And they recognized that they had been with Jesus.
Remember back to last week...
The three levels of Jewish education.
Someone who hadn’t been invited into Bet Midrash was considered not fully educated.
Most likely wealthy.
Most likely wealthy.
20 And immediately he called them, and they left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired servants and followed him.
They owned a boat and hired servants.
He was “the disciple Jesus loved”.
He was “the disciple Jesus loved”.
23 One of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, was reclining at table at Jesus’ side,
He was part of Jesus’ inner circle.
He was part of Jesus’ inner circle.
Peter, James, and John were Jesus closest disciples.
Audience: All Christians
Audience: All Christians
People already familiar with the synoptic gospels.
John dose not recount the same as much as he adds to what was already covered.
92% of it is unique.
Polycarp, a second century martyr, who knew John personally, said it he wrote the book during his time serving as pastor in Ephesus.
That would put the writing between 85-95 A.D.
Key verse: John 20:30-31
Key verse: John 20:30-31
Most say...
16 “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.
But I disagree...
30 Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; 31 but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.
John wrote giving the evidences that Jesus was the Christ, the Son of God.
John does not call them miracles, but signs.
“Many other signs” - John knew of others, but specifically chose the ones he did.
He had witnessed many.
Some recorded in other gospels and others not recorded at all.
Thus… John did not include an account of the nativity.
Instead he went farther back in history than any gospel writer to open the book.
1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
John took readers immediately to Genesis 1:1.
John wrote to prove the hypostatic union.
John wrote to prove the hypostatic union.
Our English adjective hypostatic comes from the Greek word hupostasis.
Our English adjective hypostatic comes from the Greek word hupostasis.
3 He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,
The hypostatic union is a fancy way to say that Jesus is 100% God and also 100% man. A union we cannot fully understand.
The Purpose of John’s writing.
The Purpose of John’s writing.
1. John wrote to reveal Christ’s true nature.
1. John wrote to reveal Christ’s true nature.
John 20:31 (ESV)
31 but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.
To prove that Jesus is fully God and fully man - that He is who He says He is.
2. John wrote so that the lost can believe and have eternal life.
2. John wrote so that the lost can believe and have eternal life.
Evangelism.
Wrong belief is fatal.
Correct belief leads to eternal life.
3. John wrote so we could regularly experience a changed life.
3. John wrote so we could regularly experience a changed life.
John 20:31 (ESV)
31 but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.
by continuing to believe you will live victoriously.
“Our theology determines our attitude...”
John will increase our faith!
When reading John, we should turn these purposes into questions.
When reading John, we should turn these purposes into questions.
These 7 signs will give us an example.
7 Signs of Jesus.
7 Signs of Jesus.
Jesus turns water into wine. (2:1-11) - Reveals Jesus is master of substance.
Jesus heals the official’s son. (4:43-54) - Reveals Jesus is not bound by distance.
Jesus makes the lame man walk. (5:1-15) - Reveals that Jesus is master of health.
Jesus feeds the multitudes. (6:1-15) - Reveals that Jesus is not bound by quantity.
Jesus walks on water. (6:16-24) - Reveals that Jesus is master of science or natural law.
Jesus give sight to the blind. (9:1-38) - Reveals that Jesus is master over suffering.
Jesus raises Lazarus from the dead. (11:1-44) - Reveals that Jesus is master over death.
7 Words John uses in chapter 1 to summarize Jesus’ role in scripture and prophecy.
7 Words John uses in chapter 1 to summarize Jesus’ role in scripture and prophecy.
DON’T CHANGE SLIDE UNTIL AFTER PROJECT.
The Word (1:1-2)
The Light (1:4-13)
The Son of God (1:14-28, 34, & 49)
The Lamb of God (1:29-36)
The Messiah (1:35-42)
The King of Israel (John 1:43-49)
The Son of Man (John 1:50-51)
7 “I am...” statements of Jesus.
7 “I am...” statements of Jesus.
“I am the Bread of Life.” (6:48)
“I am the Light of the World.” (8:12)
“I am the Door.” (10:9)
“I am the Good Shepherd.” (10:11)
“I am the Resurrection and the Life.” (14:6)
“I am the Way, the Truth, and the Life.” (14:6)
“I am the True Vine.” (15:1)
What is the focus of John’s writing?
What is the focus of John’s writing?
Matthew focused on what Jesus taught.
Mark focused on what Jesus did.
Luke focused on Jesus himself.
John focused on the meaning of what Jesus did and said.
The presentation of Jesus in the gospels.
The presentation of Jesus in the gospels.
Matthew presents Jesus as the promised Messiah and coming King.
Mark presents Jesus as the suffering servant.
Luke presents Jesus as the Son of Man.
John presents Jesus as the Son of God.
This may be the clearest of all the gospel writers.
He wrote so that his readers might “believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God,”
Outline of John
Outline of John
Jesus’ personal ministry. (1-4)
Jesus’ public ministry. (5-12)
Jesus’ private ministry. (13-17)
Jesus’ redemptive ministry. (18-21)
Application:
John wrote to reveal Christ’s nature.
How closely you following Christ’s example?
John wrote so that the lost will believe and have eternal life.
Do you have the same burden as John to take the good news of Jesus to those who need it?
John wrote so that we could regularly experience a changed life.
Are you consistently growing? If not what needs to change?