Daniel 12:1

“At that time shall arise Michael, the great prince who has charge of your people. And there shall be a time of trouble, such as never has been since there was a nation till that time. But at that time your people shall be delivered, everyone whose name shall be found written in the book. ESV (English Standard Version)

“AtNow at that timeshall arise, Michael, the great princewho has charge, will arise, the protector over the sons of your people. And there shall, and it will be a time of trouble, such as neverdistress that has not been since there wasyour people have been a nation tilluntil that time. ButAnd at that time your people shall be deliveredwill escape, everyone whose name shall bewho is found written in the bookscroll.45% difference LEB (The lexham English Bible)

“At that time shall ariseMichael, the great prince who has charge ofprotects your people, will arise. And there shallThere will be a time of trouble,distress such as neverhas been since there was a nation till that timenot happened from the beginning of nations until then. But at that time your peopleshall be delivered,—everyone whose name shall beis found written in the book—will be delivered.40% difference NIV (The New International Version)

“At that time shall ariseMichael, the great princearchangel who has charge ofstands guard over your peoplenation, will arise. AndThen there shallwill be a time of trouble, such as never has beenanguish greater than any since there was a nation till that timenations first came into existence. But at that time every one of your people shall be delivered, everyonewhose name shall be foundis written in the book will be rescued.49% difference NLT (New Living Translation)

“AtAnd at that time shall ariseMichael stand up, the great prince who has chargewhich standeth for the children of yourthy people. And: and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never has beenwas since there was a nation tilleven to that same time. But: and at that time yourthy people shall be delivered, everyone whose nameevery one that shall be found written in the book. 31% of difference AV 1873 (The Cambridge Paragraph Bible of the Authorized English Version)

Boundaries of the passage

Los límites de este texto se encuentran dentro de la pericope de Daniel 11:34 a Daniel 12:4, la temática de este texto es la supernatural beings explain the last of the Kings of the North. Por lo tanto este estudio esta limitado a esta pericopa.

Structure fo the text

La estructura del texto esta organizada de la siguiente manera

1 a Background-Temporal (b) “At that time

b Prediction shall arise Michael,

c Characterization the great prince who has charge of your people.

d Prediction And there shall be a time of trouble,

Supplied such as

e Elaboration never has been since there was a nation till that time.

f Background-Temporal (g) But at that time

g Prediction your people shall be delivered,

h Characterization everyone whose name shall be found written in the book.[1]

En la estructura se puede observar que existe un background temporal, una predicción, y caracterización. En esta estructura se puede observar que el transfondo temporal nos dirige hacia un evento futuro, se indica la predicción es decir las cosas que pasaran y quienes estarán involucrados. Por lo tanto este texto se conecta y tiene relación con los eventos que ocurren y se describen en el libro de apocalipsis.

Cultural context

En el contexto en el que se escribió el libro de Daniel no era común nombrar a los ángeles. Sin embargo “Michael becomes a much more familiar figure in the Qumran literature and in the intertestamental literature, primarily the book of Enoch. He is considered the guardian of the people of Israel”.[2]

Historical context

-Persia reigns over the Jews (Daniel 9:1-12:13)

-Daniel’s prophetic Career (Daniel 9:1-12:13)

-Return from the Exile (Daniel 9:1-12:13)

-Daniel has a final vision (Daniel 10:1-12:13)

Establish de passage genre

The main genre of this passage is narrative: future events. “A text that predicts future activities of an agent(s) according to a temporal succession. This genre might typically be referred to as prophecy, but many prophetic texts of the Bible can also be hortatory or expository. Examples of this genre, however, can often be found in prophetic texts”[3]

Literary Typing

The type of literature of the book of Daniel is apocalyse prose. It is prose because “A literary text that is not poetry but uses typical language patterns and vocabulary”[4], And it is a apocalitptic because “Apocalypse— (OT and NT) A text describing the end of history using symbolic imagery and reflecting the expectation of imminent cataclysm and divine wrath unleashed against all evil”[5].

Identify people

Michael (arcangel)

Israelites

Daniel (prophet)

Jews (babilonian captivity)

Supernatural beings

Michael

- Michael

- The great prince

- Who was charge of your people

Biblical events

- Persia reigns over the Jews (Daniel 9:1-12:13)

- Daniel’s prophetic Career (Daniel 9:1-12:13)

- Return from the Exile (Daniel 9:1-12:13)

- Daniel has a final vision (Daniel 10:1-12:13)

Things and objects

- Scroll

Old Testament

Dan 10:13

13 The prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days, but Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me, for I was left there with the kings of Persia,[6]

Dan 10:21

21 But I will tell you what is inscribed in the book of truth: there is none who contends by my side against these except Michael, your prince. [7]

Daniel 12:1

At that time shall arise Michael, the great prince who has charge of your people. And there shall be a time of trouble, such as never has been since there was a nation till that time. But at that time your people shall be delivered, everyone whose name shall be found written in the book[8]

Daniel 9:25“Know therefore and understand,

That from the going forth of the command

To restore and build Jerusalem

Until Messiah the Prince,

There shall be seven weeks and sixty-two weeks;

The street shall be built again, and the wall,

Even in troublesome times.[9]

New Testament

Revelation 12:7-9

7 Now war arose in heaven, Michael and his angels fighting against the dragon. And the dragon and his angels fought back, 8 but he was defeated, and there was no longer any place for them in heaven. 9 And the great dragon was thrown down, that ancient serpent, who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world—he was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him. 10 And I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying, “Now the salvation and thepower and the kingdom of our God and the authority of hisChrist have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down, who accuses them day and night before our God[10]

Revelation13:3-4

One of its heads seemed to have a mortal wound, but its mortal wound was healed, and the whole earth marveled as they followed the beast. 4 And they worshiped the dragon, for he had given his authority to the beast, and they worshiped the beast, saying, “Who is like the beast, and who can fight against it?”[11]

The rhetorical question: “Who is like the beast?” is a parody of “Who is like God?” in the Old Testament (Exod. 15:11; Ps. 35:10; Mic. 7:18). It is especially significant that Christ, while waging war with the dragon in heaven, is referred to as Michael (Rev. 12:7), which in Hebrew means “Who is like God?” Here is another indication that in preparation for the final battle this beast imitates Christ. The question: “Who is like the beast, and who is able to wage war with him?” implies the answer: no one. This indicates a firm conviction of victorious success in the battle.[12]

1 “At that time shall arise Michael, the great prince who has charge of your people. And there shall be a time of trouble, such as never has been since there was a nation till that time. But at that time your people shall be delivered, everyone whose name shall be found written in the book. ESV (English Standard Version)

Dan 10:13

13 The prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days, but Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me, for I was left there with the kings of Persia, (English Standard Version)

Dan 10:21

21 But I will tell you what is inscribed in the book of truth: there is none who contends by my side against these except Michael, your prince. (English Standard Version).

[1] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2016), Da 12:1. [2] Victor Harold Matthews, Mark W. Chavalas, and John H. Walton, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament, electronic ed. (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000), Da 10:13. [3] Jeremy Thompson, Longacre Genre Analysis of the Bible Dataset Documentation(Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2016). [4] Douglas Mangum, The Lexham Glossary of Literary Types (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2014). [5] Douglas Mangum, The Lexham Glossary of Literary Types (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2014). [6] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2016), Da 10:13. [7] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2016), Da 10:21. [8] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2016), Da 12:1. [9] The New King James Version (Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1982), Da 9:25. [10] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2016), Re 12:7–10. [11] The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2016), Re 13:3–4. [12] Ranko Stefanovic, Revelation of Jesus Christ: Commentary on the Book of Revelation, Second Edition. (Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University Press, 2009), 414–415.