John 19:23-42 - Scripture Fulfilled

2 Peter 1:16–21 (ESV)

For we did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty. For when he received honor and glory from God the Father, and the voice was borne to him by the Majestic Glory, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased,” we ourselves heard this very voice borne from heaven, for we were with him on the holy mountain. And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts, knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone’s own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.

2 Peter 1:16–21 (新改訳2017)

私たちはあなたがたに、私たちの主イエス・キリストの力と来臨を知らせましたが、それは、巧みな作り話によったのではありません。私たちは、キリストの威光の目撃者として伝えたのです。 この方が父なる神から誉れと栄光を受けられたとき、厳かな栄光の中から、このような御声がありました。「これはわたしの愛する子。わたしはこれを喜ぶ。」 私たちは聖なる山で主とともにいたので、天からかかったこの御声を自分で聞きました。 また私たちは、さらに確かな預言のみことばを持っています。夜が明けて、明けの明星があなたがたの心に昇るまでは、暗い所を照らすともしびとして、それに目を留めているとよいのです。 ただし、聖書のどんな預言も勝手に解釈するものではないことを、まず心得ておきなさい。 預言は、決して人間の意志によってもたらされたものではなく、聖霊に動かされた人たちが神から受けて語ったものです。

2 Peter 1:19 (ESV)

And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts,

2 Peter 1:19 (新改訳2017)

また私たちは、さらに確かな預言のみことばを持っています。夜が明けて、明けの明星があなたがたの心に昇るまでは、暗い所を照らすともしびとして、それに目を留めているとよいのです。

I. Having Nothing (vs. 23-27)

1. Did not hold on to physical belongings

a. The soldiers who crucified Jesus took his garments and divided them up.

i) But when they were about to tear his tunic, they realized that it was special – it was seamless.

ii) They decided to cast lots for it to see who got to take it home.

b. John quotes Psalm 22:18 as fulfilled Scripture.

Psalm 22:16–18 ESV

For dogs encompass me; a company of evildoers encircles me; they have pierced my hands and feet— I can count all my bones— they stare and gloat over me; they divide my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots.

Psalm 22:16–18 新改訳2017

犬どもが私を取り囲み 悪者どもの群れが私を取り巻いて 私の手足にかみついたからです。 私は　自分の骨をみな数えることができます。 彼らは目を凝らし　私を見ています。 彼らは私の衣服を分け合い 私の衣をくじ引きにします。

The last of Jesus’ possessions were taken as he hung on the cross.

2. Did not hold on to physical family

a. Next, John moves from the soldiers near the cross to the friends near the cross.

i) Mary, his mother. Mary's sister (Salome – James and John’s mother). Mary the wife of Clopas. Mary Magdalene.

ii) The last time we saw Mary, Jesus’ mother, was in chapter 2 – the wedding feast.

1) Jesus had told her, “My time has not yet come.”

2) Now we see Mary again, and this time Jesus’ time had come.

iii) There was also one disciple at the cross – John (the writer of this gospel)

1) Out of all the disciples, John was the only one with the courage to stand with the women at the cross.

b. Jesus then finishes putting his house in order.

i) He looks at Mary and says, “Woman, behold, your son!”

ii) Then he looks at John and says, “Behold, your mother!”

iii) From that day, John took Mary into his house and provided for her.

c. Notice that Jesus did not ask a favor of John – “Hey, can you take care of my mom after I am gone?”

i) Instead, he gave his relationship with his mother to John. He pronounced them mother and son.

ii) After his last possessions were taken away, Jesus gave away his only physical family tie – the mother who gave him birth.

iii) Not only was he bearing the pain of the cross alone, but he hung on the cross with nothing on the earth to his name.

II. As the Perfect Lamb (vs. 28-37)

1. The final words of the Redeemer

a. Jesus, knowing that all was now finished… To fulfill Scripture… Said, “I thirst.”

i) What was so important about Jesus being thirsty? It showed his humanity.

ii) It also shows us a spiritual condition Jesus had never experienced before – thirsty for God.

1) Why did he experience it now? Because his relationship to the Father had been severed. God poured out his wrath on Jesus for our sakes.

2) Psalm 63:1

Psalm 63:1 (ESV)

O God, you are my God; earnestly I seek you; my soul thirsts for you; my flesh faints for you, as in a dry and weary land where there is no water.

Psalm 63:1 (新改訳2017)

神よ　あなたは私の神。 私はあなたを切に求めます。 水のない　衰え果てた乾いた地で 私のたましいは　あなたに渇き 私の身も　あなたをあえぎ求めます。

b. There was a jar of sour wine (vinegar) near the soldiers. They out a sponge full of vinegar on a hyssop branch and held it to his mouth.

i) Psalm 69:21

Psalm 69:21 (ESV)

They gave me poison for food, and for my thirst they gave me sour wine to drink.

Psalm 69:21 (新改訳2017)

彼らは私の食べ物の代わりに　毒を与え 私が渇いたときには酢を飲ませました。

c. When Jesus had tasted the vinegar, he got his strength together and said, “It is finished.”

i) Finished – accomplished, paid in full.

(When is the last time you said, “It’s finished”?)

ii) The work of redemption – saving us from our sins – was fully complete.

1) Redemption – to buy back, to loose or set free. A word used of freeing someone from chains, slavery or prison.

d. Once the work was finished, Jesus wasted no time. He commended himself into his Father’s hands, bowed his head and gave up his spirit.

2. The final condition of the Passover Lamb

a. Jesus was sacrificed at the same time the Passover lambs were sacrificed.

i) Day of Preparation – the Passover meal would be at sundown that night

ii) Matthew, Mark & Luke – third hour, sixth hour, ninth hour

1) Third hour – 9am – Jesus is condemned and crucified.

2) Sixth hour – 12pm – Jesus is on the cross and darkness covers the land.

3) Ninth hour – 3pm – Jesus gives up his spirit and dies, earthquake, veil in the temple torn

iii) Passover lambs were sacrificed around 3pm – same time Jesus’ sacrificial death was completed.

1) *If you are planning to BBQ and want to have the food ready at 5pm, you’re going to start heating up the grill sometime around 3pm.*

b. Jesus was without blemish – no bones were broken.

i) The legs of the others crucified with Jesus were broken so that they would die quicker.

1) As their legs would be hit with a mallet, they would go into shock from the pain and not be able to push themselves up to breathe. The suffocation process would speed up.

ii) But the soldier did not break Jesus’ legs because he saw that he was already dead.

1) Exodus 12:46 (regarding Passover lambs)

Exodus 12:46 (ESV)

It shall be eaten in one house; you shall not take any of the flesh outside the house, and you shall not break any of its bones.

Exodus 12:46 (新改訳2017)

これは一つの家の中で食べなければならない。あなたは家の外にその肉の一切れでも持ち出してはならない。また、その骨を折ってはならない。

2) Psalm 34:11-22

Psalm 34:11–22 (ESV)

Come, O children, listen to me; I will teach you the fear of the Lord. What man is there who desires life and loves many days, that he may see good? Keep your tongue from evil and your lips from speaking deceit. Turn away from evil and do good; seek peace and pursue it. The eyes of the Lord are toward the righteous and his ears toward their cry. The face of the Lord is against those who do evil, to cut off the memory of them from the earth. When the righteous cry for help, the Lord hears and delivers them out of all their troubles. The Lord is near to the brokenhearted and saves the crushed in spirit. Many are the afflictions of the righteous, but the Lord delivers him out of them all. He keeps all his bones; not one of them is broken. Affliction will slay the wicked, and those who hate the righteous will be condemned. The Lord redeems the life of his servants; none of those who take refuge in him will be condemned.

Psalm 34:11–22 (新改訳2017)

来なさい。子たちよ　私に聞きなさい。 主を恐れることを教えよう。 いのちを喜びとする人はだれか。 幸せを見ようと　日数の多いことを愛する人は。 あなたの舌に悪口を言わせず 唇に欺きを語らせるな。 悪を離れて　善を行い 平和を求め　それを追い続けよ。 主の目は　正しい人たちの上にあり 主の耳は　彼らの叫びに傾けられる。 主の御顔は　悪をなす者どもに敵対し 主は彼らの記憶を地から消し去られる。 苦しむ者が叫ぶと　主は聞かれ そのすべての苦難から救い出してくださる。 主は心の打ち砕かれた者の近くにおられ 霊の砕かれた者を救われる。 正しい人には苦しみが多い。 しかし　主はそのすべてから救い出してくださる。 主は彼の骨をことごとく守り その一つさえ　折られることはない。 悪は悪しき者を殺し 正しい人を憎む者は責めを負う。 主は　そのしもべのたましいを贖い出される。 主に身を避ける人は　だれも責めを負わない。

c. Jesus was pierced – his blood spilt.

i) Instead of breaking Jesus’ legs, the soldier pierced his side with a spear.

1) Out of Jesus’ chest came blood and water.

ii) Significance

1) Shows evidence of a ruptured heart – that the heart had torn open.

a) Jesus died of a “broken heart” because he loved us with “all his heart”.

2) Blood and water point to our forgiveness.

a) Blood – justification – made sinless before God by Jesus’ blood.

b) Water – sanctification – being washed daily from our sins.

3) Communion wine – the cup of the new covenant – Jesus’ blood shed for us.

a) Proverbs 9:2 – “Wisdom…has mixed her wine.” Wine in the Bible times was mixed with water. Just as Jesus’ blood was mixed with water.

Proverbs 9:1–2 (ESV)

Wisdom has built her house; she has hewn her seven pillars. She has slaughtered her beasts; she has mixed her wine; she has also set her table.

Proverbs 9:1–2 (新改訳2017)

知恵は自分の家を建て、 石の柱を七本、切り出し、 いけにえを屠り、ぶどう酒を混ぜ合わせ、 その食卓も整え、

iii) Zechariah 12:10

Zechariah 12:10 (ESV)

“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.

Zechariah 12:10 (新改訳2017)

わたしは、ダビデの家とエルサレムの住民の上に、恵みと嘆願の霊を注ぐ。彼らは、自分たちが突き刺した者、わたしを仰ぎ見て、ひとり子を失って嘆くかのように、その者のために嘆き、長子を失って激しく泣くかのように、その者のために激しく泣く。

III. Kept from Corruption (vs. 38-42)

1. Buried by two secret disciples

a. Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus were two secret disciples among the religious leaders

i) Both went public after Jesus’ death.

b. Joseph

i) A rich man. Luke – a good and righteous man, looking for the kingdom of God.

ii) Went to Pilate and asked for Jesus’ body.

iii) Donated his freshly hewn tomb for Jesus’ body to lay.

c. Nicodemus

i) Came to Jesus at night in John 3. Confused by how someone can be born again. Now Nicodemus is coming to Jesus in the day.

ii) Brings a large amount of spices – 75 pounds – for Jesus’ body.

2. Buried in a new garden tomb

a. Jesus was buried in a new tomb – in a garden – near the crucifixion site.

i) Joseph’s personal tomb.

b. Psalm 16:7-11

Psalm 16:7–11 (ESV)

I bless the Lord who gives me counsel; in the night also my heart instructs me. I have set the Lord always before me; because he is at my right hand, I shall not be shaken. Therefore my heart is glad, and my whole being rejoices; my flesh also dwells secure. For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, or let your holy one see corruption. You make known to me the path of life; in your presence there is fullness of joy; at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.

Psalm 16:7–11 (新改訳2017)

私はほめたたえます。助言を下さる主を。 実に　夜ごとに内なる思いが私を教えます。 私はいつも　主を前にしています。 主が私の右におられるので 私は揺るがされることがありません。 それゆえ　私の心は喜び 私の胸は喜びにあふれます。 私の身も安らかに住まいます。 あなたは　私のたましいをよみに捨て置かず あなたにある敬虔な者に 滅びをお見せにならないからです。 あなたは私に いのちの道を知らせてくださいます。 満ち足りた喜びが　あなたの御前にあり 楽しみが　あなたの右にとこしえにあります。

i) Just as the Lord did not abandon Jesus in Sheol – the grave – he also did not allow his body to see corruption.

ii) He was not buried in an unclean tomb, but in a fresh, unused tomb.

c. A fresh tomb in a garden – a kingly burial.

i) The Old Testament is full of verses that say, “so-and-so was buried in the tomb of his fathers.”

ii) Jesus was buried in a new tomb in a garden, as though the first of a dynasty of kings.

iii) He was the first and the last to lay in that tomb. Because his reign has not ended and will never end.

IV. Conclusion

1. Vs. 35 – John tells us these things that we would believe.

a. Not just for the fun of seeing prophecy fulfilled.

b. But that we would believe in Jesus’ work of forgiveness as we see the prophecies fulfilled.

2. God is serious about his work of forgiveness. Let’s be serious about following him.

Isaiah 53 (ESV)

Who has believed what he has heard from us? And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed? For he grew up before him like a young plant, and like a root out of dry ground; he had no form or majesty that we should look at him, and no beauty that we should desire him. He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not. Surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted. But he was pierced for our transgressions; he was crushed for our iniquities; upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace, and with his wounds we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all. He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth; like a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent, so he opened not his mouth. By oppression and judgment he was taken away; and as for his generation, who considered that he was cut off out of the land of the living, stricken for the transgression of my people? And they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death, although he had done no violence, and there was no deceit in his mouth. Yet it was the will of the Lord to crush him; he has put him to grief; when his soul makes an offering for guilt, he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days; the will of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied; by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant, make many to be accounted righteous, and he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he poured out his soul to death and was numbered with the transgressors; yet he bore the sin of many, and makes intercession for the transgressors.

Isaiah 53 (新改訳2017)

私たちが聞いたことを、だれが信じたか。 主の御腕はだれに現れたか。 彼は主の前に、119ひこばえのように生え出た。 砂漠の地から出た根のように。 彼には見るべき姿も輝きもなく、 私たちが慕うような見栄えもない。 彼は蔑まれ、人々からのけ者にされ、 悲しみの人で、病を知っていた。 人が顔を背けるほど蔑まれ、 私たちも彼を尊ばなかった。 まことに、彼は私たちの病を負い、 私たちの痛みを担った。 それなのに、私たちは思った。 神に罰せられ、打たれ、苦しめられたのだと。 しかし、彼は私たちの背きのために刺され、 私たちの咎のために砕かれたのだ。 彼への懲らしめが私たちに平安をもたらし、 その打ち傷のゆえに、私たちは癒やされた。 私たちはみな、羊のようにさまよい、 それぞれ自分勝手な道に向かって行った。 しかし、主は私たちすべての者の咎を 彼に負わせた。 彼は痛めつけられ、苦しんだ。 だが、口を開かない。 屠り場に引かれて行く羊のように、 毛を刈る者の前で黙っている雌羊のように、 彼は口を開かない。 虐げとさばきによって、彼は取り去られた。 彼の時代の者で、だれが思ったことか。 彼が私の民の背きのゆえに打たれ、 生ける者の地から絶たれたのだと。 彼の墓は、悪者どもとともに、 富む者とともに、その死の時に設けられた。 彼は不法を働かず、 その口に欺きはなかったが。 しかし、彼を砕いて病を負わせることは 主のみこころであった。 彼が自分のいのちを 代償のささげ物とするなら、 末長く子孫を見ることができ、 主のみこころは彼によって成し遂げられる。 「彼は自分のたましいの 激しい苦しみのあとを見て、満足する。 わたしの正しいしもべは、 その知識によって多くの人を義とし、 彼らの咎を負う。 それゆえ、 わたしは多くの人を彼に分け与え、 彼は強者たちを戦勝品として分かち取る。 彼が自分のいのちを死に明け渡し、 背いた者たちとともに数えられたからである。 彼は多くの人の罪を負い、 背いた者たちのために、とりなしをする。」