Christ’s Death, Our Benefits
Notes
Transcript
1. Substitution: Jesus died in the place of sinners.
1. Substitution: Jesus died in the place of sinners.
Also called vicarious = (Latin) “one in place of another”
Also called vicarious = (Latin) “one in place of another”
He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
and He Himself bore our sins in His body on the cross, so that we might die to sin and live to righteousness; for by His wounds you were healed.
so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time for salvation without reference to sin, to those who eagerly await Him.
Surely our griefs He Himself bore, And our sorrows He carried; Yet we ourselves esteemed Him stricken, Smitten of God, and afflicted.
But He was pierced through for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; The chastening for our well-being fell upon Him, And by His scourging we are healed.
All of us like sheep have gone astray, Each of us has turned to his own way; But the Lord has caused the iniquity of us all To fall on Him.
Two Greek prepositions:
Two Greek prepositions:
Anti = “for” — “instead of”
Anti = “for” — “instead of”
Huper = “for” — “in behalf of”; “in the place of”
Huper = “for” — “in behalf of”; “in the place of”
It is through Christ’s substitutionary death that the righteous demands of God have been met.
It is through Christ’s substitutionary death that the righteous demands of God have been met.
2. Redemption: Jesus’s death bought us out of sin’s slave market, setting us free from sin’s bondage.
2. Redemption: Jesus’s death bought us out of sin’s slave market, setting us free from sin’s bondage.
The Greek term is agorazo.
The Greek term is agorazo.
For you have been bought with a price: therefore glorify God in your body.
You were bought with a price; do not become slaves of men.
And they sang a new song, saying, “Worthy are You to take the book and to break its seals; for You were slain, and purchased for God with Your blood men from every tribe and tongue and people and nation.
A second term used is exagerazo, teaches that Christ redeemed believers from the curse and bondage of the law and its condemnation.
A second term used is exagerazo, teaches that Christ redeemed believers from the curse and bondage of the law and its condemnation.
Christ redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree”—
so that He might redeem those who were under the Law, that we might receive the adoption as sons.
A third term, lutroo, teaches that believers are being set free by payment of a ransom.
A third term, lutroo, teaches that believers are being set free by payment of a ransom.
knowing that you were not redeemed with perishable things like silver or gold from your futile way of life inherited from your forefathers,
who gave Himself for us to redeem us from every lawless deed, and to purify for Himself a people for His own possession, zealous for good deeds.
Redemption is viewed sinward; mankind was in bondage to sin and in need of release from bondage and slavery to sin.
Redemption is viewed sinward; mankind was in bondage to sin and in need of release from bondage and slavery to sin.
3. Reconciliation: Jesus’ death made peace with God.
3. Reconciliation: Jesus’ death made peace with God.
The Greek term is katalasso, which means “to effect a change; to reconcile.”
The Greek term is katalasso, which means “to effect a change; to reconcile.”
Why do we need this? Sin created a barrier between man and God and rendered man hostile toward God.
Why do we need this? Sin created a barrier between man and God and rendered man hostile toward God.
Behold, the Lord’s hand is not so short That it cannot save; Nor is His ear so dull That it cannot hear.
But your iniquities have made a separation between you and your God, And your sins have hidden His face from you so that He does not hear.
And although you were formerly alienated and hostile in mind, engaged in evil deeds,
yet He has now reconciled you in His fleshly body through death, in order to present you before Him holy and blameless and beyond reproach—
You adulteresses, do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God? Therefore whoever wishes to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God.
Through Christ, that enmity and wrath of God was removed.
Through Christ, that enmity and wrath of God was removed.
For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life.
Two parts to reconciliation,
Two parts to reconciliation,
Now all these things are from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ and gave us the ministry of reconciliation,
namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.
1. Objective aspect.
1. Objective aspect.
2 Cor. 5:18a, 19a
2 Cor. 5:18a, 19a
2. Subjective aspect.
2. Subjective aspect.
2 Cor. 5:18b, 19b
God initiates, moves to reconcile; man is the object of reconciliation.
God initiates, moves to reconcile; man is the object of reconciliation.
Reconciliation is manward: man was the one that had moved out of fellowship because of sin, and man needed to be reconciled to renew the fellowship.
Reconciliation is manward: man was the one that had moved out of fellowship because of sin, and man needed to be reconciled to renew the fellowship.
4. Propitiation: Jesus’ death fully satisfied the righteous demands of God toward the sinner.
4. Propitiation: Jesus’ death fully satisfied the righteous demands of God toward the sinner.
OT word kaphar means “ to cover.”
OT word kaphar means “ to cover.”
‘Then he shall remove all its fat, just as the fat of the lamb is removed from the sacrifice of the peace offerings, and the priest shall offer them up in smoke on the altar, on the offerings by fire to the Lord. Thus the priest shall make atonement for him in regard to his sin which he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
“Why did you not eat the sin offering at the holy place? For it is most holy, and He gave it to you to bear away the guilt of the congregation, to make atonement for them before the Lord.
Greek verb hilaskomai = “to propitiate” - 2x in NT.
Greek verb hilaskomai = “to propitiate” - 2x in NT.
“But the tax collector, standing some distance away, was even unwilling to lift up his eyes to heaven, but was beating his breast, saying, ‘God, be merciful to me, the sinner!’
Therefore, He had to be made like His brethren in all things, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.
Noun form occurs 3 times in NT: 1 John 2:2: 4:10 (hilasmos) and Rom. 3:25 (hilasterion).
Noun form occurs 3 times in NT: 1 John 2:2: 4:10 (hilasmos) and Rom. 3:25 (hilasterion).
Propitiation is related to several concepts:
Propitiation is related to several concepts:
1. The wrath of God.
1. The wrath of God.
2. God provides the remedy.
2. God provides the remedy.
3. Christ’s death satisfies the wrath of God.
3. Christ’s death satisfies the wrath of God.
Propitiation is Godward; God is propitiated—His holiness is vindicated and satisfied by the death of Christ.
Propitiation is Godward; God is propitiated—His holiness is vindicated and satisfied by the death of Christ.
5. Forgiveness: Jesus’ death made it possible for the removal of charges held against the sinner because proper satisfaction (atonement) for those sins has been made.
5. Forgiveness: Jesus’ death made it possible for the removal of charges held against the sinner because proper satisfaction (atonement) for those sins has been made.
Charizomai is related to the word grace and means “to forgive out of grace.”
Charizomai is related to the word grace and means “to forgive out of grace.”
When you were dead in your transgressions and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He made you alive together with Him, having forgiven us all our transgressions,
Most common word for forgiveness is aphiemi, which means “let go, release” or “send away.”
Most common word for forgiveness is aphiemi, which means “let go, release” or “send away.”
In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of His grace
Forgiveness forever solves the problem of sin in the believer’s life—all sins past, present, and future.
Forgiveness forever solves the problem of sin in the believer’s life—all sins past, present, and future.
This is distinct from the daily cleansing from sin that is necessary to maintain fellowship with God, 1 John 1:9.
This is distinct from the daily cleansing from sin that is necessary to maintain fellowship with God, 1 John 1:9.
Forgiveness is manward; man had sinned and needed to have his sins dealt with and removed. (Negative)
Forgiveness is manward; man had sinned and needed to have his sins dealt with and removed. (Negative)
6. Justification: Through Jesus’ death, God has declared the believer in Christ righteous by faith in His Son.
6. Justification: Through Jesus’ death, God has declared the believer in Christ righteous by faith in His Son.
This is a forensic, legal act of God whereby He declares the sinner righteous on the basis of the blood of Christ.
This is a forensic, legal act of God whereby He declares the sinner righteous on the basis of the blood of Christ.
1. It involves the pardon and removal of all sins and the end of separation from God.
1. It involves the pardon and removal of all sins and the end of separation from God.
and through Him everyone who believes is freed from all things, from which you could not be freed through the Law of Moses.
just as David also speaks of the blessing on the man to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:
“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds have been forgiven, And whose sins have been covered.
Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from the wrath of God through Him.
For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life.
And not only this, but we also exult in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.
namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation.
2. It also involves the bestowal of righteousness upon the believing person and “a title to all the blessings promised to the just.” [J. I. Packer, “Justification,” in Walter A. Elwell, ed., Evangelical Dictionary of Theology (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1984), p. 594.]
2. It also involves the bestowal of righteousness upon the believing person and “a title to all the blessings promised to the just.” [J. I. Packer, “Justification,” in Walter A. Elwell, ed., Evangelical Dictionary of Theology (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1984), p. 594.]
Justification is a gift given through the grace of God.
Justification is a gift given through the grace of God.
being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus;
It takes place the moment the individual has faith in Christ.
It takes place the moment the individual has faith in Christ.
For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God.
Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
The ground of justification is the death of Christ.
The ground of justification is the death of Christ.
Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from the wrath of God through Him.
It is apart from any works.
It is apart from any works.
But to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness,
The means of justification is faith.
The means of justification is faith.
Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
Justification is manward: man had sinned and broken God’s standard. Man was in need of receiving the righteousness of God to enter into fellowship with Him. (Positive)
Justification is manward: man had sinned and broken God’s standard. Man was in need of receiving the righteousness of God to enter into fellowship with Him. (Positive)