Coming of Messiah

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The coming of a figure chosen and anointed by God to deliver and redeem his people. Anointing was seen as a sign of being chosen by God for a special task of leadership or responsibility. The OT looked ahead to the final coming of such a figure to usher in a new era in the history of the people of God; the NT sees this expectation fulfilled in the person and work of Jesus Christ.

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Anointing as a sign of being chosen by God

Anointing with oil

Leviticus 8:12 AMP

And he poured some of the anointing oil upon Aaron’s head and anointed him to consecrate him.

See also 1 Sa 16:12–13; 2 Sa 2:4; 2 Sa 5:3; 1 Ki 1:39; 2 Ki 9:6; Ps 89:20

Anointing with the Holy Spirit

Isaiah 61:1 AMP

THE SPIRIT of the Lord God is upon me, because the Lord has anointed and qualified me to preach the Gospel of good tidings to the meek, the poor, and afflicted; He has sent me to bind up and heal the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the [physical and spiritual] captives and the opening of the prison and of the eyes to those who are bound,

See also Lk 4:18; Jdg 14:19; 1 Sa 11:6; 1 Sa 16:13; Is 11:2; Mt 12:18; Is 42:1

Anointing as a sign of national and spiritual leadership

Anointed to be king

1 Chronicles 29:22 AMP

They ate and drank before the Lord on that day with great rejoicing. They made Solomon son of David king a second time, and anointed him as prince for the Lord and Zadok to be high priest.

See also Jdg 9:7–15; 1 Sa 9:16; 1 Sa 15:17; 2 Sa 19:10; 1 Ki 1:34; 2 Ki 9:3; 2 Ki 11:12; 2 Ch 22:7

Anointed to be priest

Exodus 40:13–15 AMP

You shall put on Aaron the holy garments, and anoint and consecrate him, so he may serve Me as priest. And you shall bring his sons and put long and sleeved tunics on them, And you shall anoint them as you anointed their father, that they may minister to Me as priests; for their anointing shall be to them for an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.

See also Ex 28:41; Ex 29:7; Le 7:35–36; Le 16:32; Nu 3:3

Anointed to be judge

The coming of the Spirit on some of the judges is a spiritual anointing:

Jdg 3:10; Jdg 6:34; Jdg 11:29; Jdg 15:14

Anointed to be prophet

1 Ki 19:16; Is 48:16; Eze 11:5; Eze 37:1; Mic 3:8

The expectation of a future Messiah

The future anointed king

Ge 49:10; Is 16:5

See also Nu 24:17; 2 Sa 7:12–14; Ps 2:7–9; Ps 45:6–7; Ps 110:1–2; Ps 132:11–12; Is 9:6–7; Eze 37:24; Mic 5:2; Zec 9:9

The future anointed priest

Psalm 110:4 AMP

The Lord has sworn and will not revoke or change it: You are a priest forever, after the manner and order of Melchizedek.

The future anointed prophet

Isaiah 61:1–2 AMP

The future anointed judge

Is 2:4; Is 11:3–4; Mic 4:3

The future anointed servant of God

Isaiah 42:1–4 AMP

BEHOLD MY Servant, Whom I uphold, My elect in Whom My soul delights! I have put My Spirit upon Him; He will bring forth justice and right and reveal truth to the nations. He will not cry or shout aloud or cause His voice to be heard in the street. A bruised reed He will not break, and a dimly burning wick He will not quench; He will bring forth justice in truth. He will not fail or become weak or be crushed and discouraged till He has established justice in the earth; and the islands and coastal regions shall wait hopefully for Him and expect His direction and law.