Doctrine of Imputation From Leviticus to Romans
Justification • Sermon • Submitted • Presented
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God imputes or accredits the righteousness and suffering of Jesus to those who are in him
“And he shall take from the congregation of the sons of Israel two male goats for a sin offering and one ram for a burnt offering. “Then Aaron shall bring near the bull for the sin offering which is for himself, that he may make atonement for himself and for his household.
Where Do we see Jesus Fulfill scripture?
“Then Aaron shall lay both of his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the iniquities of the sons of Israel and all their transgressions in regard to all their sins; and he shall lay them on the head of the goat and send it out into the wilderness by the hand of a man ready to do this. “And the goat shall bear on itself all their iniquities to an isolated land; and he shall send out the goat in the wilderness.
What Prophecy is Fulfilled? (Isa 53:4-6)
Surely our griefs He Himself bore, And our sorrows He carried; Yet we ourselves esteemed Him stricken, Smitten of God, and afflicted. But He was pierced through for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; The chastening for our peace fell upon Him, And by His wounds we are healed. All of us like sheep have gone astray, Each of us has turned to his own way; But Yahweh has caused the iniquity of us all To fall on Him.
Notice the similarities between Lev 16:21-22 and Isa.53:5
Isaiah 53:11–12 (LSB)
As a result of the anguish of His soul, He will see it and be satisfied; By His knowledge the Righteous One, My Servant, will JUSTIFY the many, As He will bear their iniquities. Therefore, I will divide for Him a portion with the many, And He will divide the spoil with the strong; Because He poured out His soul to death, And was numbered with the transgressors; Yet He Himself bore the sin of many, And interceded for the transgressors. Isa 5:23
Isaiah 5:23 (LSB)
Who declare the wicked righteous for a bribe, And remove the righteous standing of the ones who are righteous! צְדָקָה ṣeḏā·qā(h)
Hebrew Lemma • honesty; justice; justness; community loyalty; entitlement, just cause; just deeds Commentary: 23 Which justify the wicked for reward, and take away the righteousness of the righteous from him!
Justify the wicked for reward; not by mistake or incogitancy, but wilfully for bribes. Take away the righteousness of the righteous from him, to wit, juridically; they pronounce sentence against him, as if he and his cause were unjust.
Matthew Poole, Annotations upon the Holy Bible, vol. 2 (New York: Robert Carter and Brothers, 1853), 336.
Zachariah 3:1:7 Prophecy of Jesus and imputation
True, he “opposes,” though not in a spirit of malice, but rather because he meticulously clings to justice, on the principle “Let justice be done though the heavens fall.” After all, Joshua the high priest was in fact guilty: he was dressed in garments covered with excrement, and he himself donned them in his guilt. Satan did not garb him in foul clothes through an unjust accusation. The garments are removed when God forgives his sin: he is acquitted not through justice, but through mercy, through pardon.
I will rejoice greatly in Yahweh; My soul will rejoice in my God, For He has clothed me with garments of salvation, He has wrapped me with a robe of righteousness, As a bridegroom decks himself with a headdress, And as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.
New testament Teachings
He made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
The foundation of Paul’s Theology of Imputation comes from the Old Testament. The Torah Genesis 15:6
Genesis 15:6 (LSB)
Then he believed in Yahweh; and He counted it to him as righteousness. Pauls Commentary is Romans 4:3 “For what does the Scripture say? “ABRAHAM BELIEVED GOD, AND IT WAS COUNTED TO HIM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS.””
just as David also speaks of the blessing on the man to whom God counts righteousness apart from works: “BLESSED ARE THOSE WHOSE LAWLESS DEEDS HAVE BEEN FORGIVEN, AND WHOSE SINS HAVE BEEN COVERED.
Fifthly. There is in the Scripture represented unto us a commutation between Christ and believers, as unto sin and righteousness; that is, in the imputation of their sins unto him, and of his righteousness unto them.
John Owen
Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned— for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law. Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come. But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ. Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous. Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more, so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also might reign through righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
For as through the one man’s disobedience the many were appointed sinners, even so through the obedience of the One the many will be appointed righteous.
And if Christ has not been raised, your faith is worthless; you are still in your sins. Then those also who have fallen asleep in Christ have perished. If we have hoped in Christ in this life only, we are of all men most to be pitied. But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the first fruits of those who have fallen asleep. For since by a man came death, by a man also came the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ all will be made alive.
There is a three fold imputation found in scripture- Adams sin imputed to us, our sin imputed to Jesus and Christ righteousness imputed to us
The doctrines of Imputation and Justification are linked together beautifully
Nothing in my hands I bring,
Simply to thy cross I cling;
Naked, come to thee for dress.
Helpless, look to thee for grace:
Foul, I to the fountain fly;
Wash me Savior, or I die.
Rock of Ages, cleft for me,
Let me hide myself in thee.
Could my tears forever flow
Could my zeal no languor know
These for sin could not atone
Thou must save, and Thou alone
In my hand no price I bring
Simply to Thy cross I cling
Augustus Montague Toplady