The Ministry of Music in the Old Testament, Part 1 - Jan. 14th, 2024

Introduction: The Importance of Understanding Biblical Music

A. The controversy over music in the church

1. Music has always been a vital aspect of worship but has also been a source of contention within the church. The debate often centers around various styles and genres of music, their appropriateness for worship, and the impact they have on congregational life and personal spirituality.

2. Historical Perspective: The church has seen changes in musical styles and preferences throughout its history, from the Gregorian chants of the early church to the contemporary Christian music of today. Each shift has brought its own set of controversies and discussions about what is fitting for worship.

3. Cultural Influence: Modern influences, including popular culture and secular music trends, have made their way into church music, leading to debates about the sanctity and purity of worship music. The challenge lies in discerning what honors God and what conforms to worldly standards.

4. Diversity in Worship Styles: Different denominations and congregations have varying preferences in music, ranging from traditional hymns to modern praise and worship songs. This diversity can lead to misunderstandings and division among believers.

B. The need for a biblical perspective

1. Authority of Scripture: As believers holding the Bible as the sole and final authority for faith and practice, it is crucial to approach the topic of music in worship with a biblically informed perspective. Understanding what the Scriptures say about music helps navigate these controversies with wisdom and discernment.

2. Music as a Reflection of Theological Beliefs: Music in worship is not merely a matter of personal preference but a reflection of one's theological beliefs and understanding of God. The lyrics, style, and execution of music in worship should align with biblical truths and doctrines.

3. Role of Music in Spiritual Formation: Music profoundly impacts spiritual formation and expression. It can teach, inspire, convict, and comfort. Understanding its role and influence from a biblical standpoint helps choose music that edifies the church and glorifies God.

4. Guiding Principles for Music in Worship: By studying the biblical examples and instructions regarding music, such as the Psalms, the ministry of David, and New Testament teachings, the church can develop guiding principles that honor God and foster unity in the body of Christ.

Let us seek to understand and apply biblical principles to the use of music in the church, addressing current controversies with a focus on glorifying God and edifying the congregation.

I. The Creation and Purpose of Music

A. God as the Creator of Music (Genesis 1:1; Hebrews 11:3)

1. Foundation in Creation: Music's inception is inherently linked to the act of Creation. Genesis 1:1 speaks of God creating the heavens and the earth, a process encompassing all forms of life and creativity, including music. This establishes music as part of God's divine order.

Genesis 1:1 KJV 1900

1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.

2. Expression of Divine Creativity: Hebrews 11:3 tells us that the worlds were framed by the word of God, indicating that everything created, including music, is an expression of His divine creativity. Music, therefore, is not merely a human invention but a gift from God, reflecting His creative nature.

Hebrews 11:3 KJV 1900

3 Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear.

3. Intrinsic Value of Music: Music has inherent value and purpose, given its divine origin. It is not simply an accessory to worship or human experience but is integral to expressing God's glory and the operation of His creation.

B. The Role of Humans in Music Creation (Genesis 1:28)

Genesis 1:28 KJV 1900

28 And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.

1. Cultural Mandate: Genesis 1:28 presents the cultural mandate, where God commands humans to fill and subdue the earth. This mandate includes developing and cultivating culture, of which music is a vital part. Human creativity in music is a response to this divine calling.

2. Creative Stewardship: Humans, created in God's image, are endowed with creativity, allowing them to produce and engage in music. This creative ability is a form of stewardship, where humans are called to create music that honors God and reflects His glory.

3. Diversity in Music: The vast diversity in musical expression across cultures and times reflects the multifaceted nature of human creativity. When aligned with biblical principles, this diversity showcases the richness of God's creativity as expressed through human agents.

C. Reflection of God's Characteristics in Music (Psalms 19:1-3; 1 Corinthians 14:40)

1. Music as a Means of Revelation: Psalms 19:1-3 illustrates how creation declares the glory of God. Music, as part of creation, reveals aspects of God’s character. It can express His majesty, creativity, order, and beauty.

2. Order and Decency in Music: 1 Corinthians 14:40 emphasizes that all things should be done decently and in order, a principle that extends to music. This reflects God's nature as a God of order and not confusion. Music in worship should, therefore, be structured and executed in a manner that brings clarity and edification, not chaos or disorder.

3. Music as Worship and Testimony: Music is a tool for worship and testimony, allowing believers to express adoration, gratitude, and reverence towards God. It also serves to communicate God's truths and works to others, both within and outside the church community.

The creation and purpose of music underscores its divine origin, role as a reflection of God's characteristics, and significance in human stewardship and worship.

II. The Morality and Impact of Music

A. The Moral Nature of Music (Psalms 19:1-3; 1 Corinthians 14:40)

1. Music as a Moral Expression: According to Psalms 19:1-3, music is a part of the natural order that declares the glory of God. This implies that music, inherently, has a moral aspect, as it can reflect the divine attributes of its Creator.

Psalm 19:1–3 KJV 1900

1 The heavens declare the glory of God; And the firmament sheweth his handywork. 2 Day unto day uttereth speech, And night unto night sheweth knowledge. 3 There is no speech nor language, Where their voice is not heard.

2. Responsibility in Musical Expression: The moral nature of music is further underlined in 1 Corinthians 14:40, which urges that everything should be done decently and in order. This extends to music, suggesting that the creation and presentation of music in worship should align with biblical principles of orderliness, edification, and reverence.

1 Corinthians 14:40 KJV 1900

40 Let all things be done decently and in order.

3. Music as a Tool for Teaching and Edification: Music can be powerful for conveying biblical truths, teaching doctrine, and edifying the congregation. The lyrics and composition should align with scriptural teachings, reinforcing the moral and ethical standards outlined in the Bible.

B. Negative Impacts of Misused Music

1. Jubal's Influence (Genesis 4:21): Jubal, mentioned in Genesis 4:21, is recognized as the father of all who play the harp and flute. While Jubal's innovation in music is noted, his lineage (as a descendant of Cain) and the lack of direct connection to worship or glorification of God in the text suggest a cautionary perspective. This serves as a reminder that musical skill and innovation, while valuable, can be morally neutral and require careful stewardship.

Genesis 4:21 KJV 1900

21 And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.

2. Israel's Sinful Singing (Exodus 15:15-25): In the narrative of Exodus, Israel's initial song of deliverance quickly turns into grumbling against God, showcasing how quickly the focus of music can shift from God-centered to self-centered. This incident highlights the potential negative impact of music when it is disconnected from gratitude and trust in God.

Exodus 15:15–25 KJV 1900

15 Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; The mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; All the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away. 16 Fear and dread shall fall upon them; By the greatness of thine arm they shall be as still as a stone; Till thy people pass over, O Lord, Till the people pass over, which thou hast purchased. 17 Thou shalt bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of thine inheritance, In the place, O Lord, which thou hast made for thee to dwell in, In the Sanctuary, O Lord, which thy hands have established. 18 The Lord shall reign for ever and ever. 19 For the horse of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the Lord brought again the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel went on dry land in the midst of the sea. 20 And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances. 21 And Miriam answered them, Sing ye to the Lord, for he hath triumphed gloriously; The horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea. 22 So Moses brought Israel from the Red sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water. 23 And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter: therefore the name of it was called Marah. 24 And the people murmured against Moses, saying, What shall we drink? 25 And he cried unto the Lord; and the Lord shewed him a tree, which when he had cast into the waters, the waters were made sweet: there he made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there he proved them,

3. Music in Idol Worship (Daniel 3): The account in Daniel 3, where music is used to gather people to worship Nebuchadnezzar's golden image, illustrates the misuse of music in idolatry. This serves as a stark warning of how music can be employed to lead people away from the worship of the true God and towards false idols.

Daniel 3 KJV 1900

1 Nebuchadnezzar the king made an image of gold, whose height was threescore cubits, and the breadth thereof six cubits: he set it up in the plain of Dura, in the province of Babylon. 2 Then Nebuchadnezzar the king sent to gather together the princes, the governors, and the captains, the judges, the treasurers, the counsellers, the sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces, to come to the dedication of the image which Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up. 3 Then the princes, the governors, and captains, the judges, the treasurers, the counsellers, the sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces, were gathered together unto the dedication of the image that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up; and they stood before the image that Nebuchadnezzar had set up. 4 Then an herald cried aloud, To you it is commanded, O people, nations, and languages, 5 That at what time ye hear the sound of the cornet, flute, harp, sackbut, psaltery, dulcimer, and all kinds of musick, ye fall down and worship the golden image that Nebuchadnezzar the king hath set up: 6 And whoso falleth not down and worshippeth shall the same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace. 7 Therefore at that time, when all the people heard the sound of the cornet, flute, harp, sackbut, psaltery, and all kinds of musick, all the people, the nations, and the languages, fell down and worshipped the golden image that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up. 8 Wherefore at that time certain Chaldeans came near, and accused the Jews. 9 They spake and said to the king Nebuchadnezzar, O king, live for ever. 10 Thou, O king, hast made a decree, that every man that shall hear the sound of the cornet, flute, harp, sackbut, psaltery, and dulcimer, and all kinds of musick, shall fall down and worship the golden image: 11 And whoso falleth not down and worshippeth, that he should be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace. 12 There are certain Jews whom thou hast set over the affairs of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego; these men, O king, have not regarded thee: they serve not thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up. 13 Then Nebuchadnezzar in his rage and fury commanded to bring Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. Then they brought these men before the king. 14 Nebuchadnezzar spake and said unto them, Is it true, O Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, do not ye serve my gods, nor worship the golden image which I have set up? 15 Now if ye be ready that at what time ye hear the sound of the cornet, flute, harp, sackbut, psaltery, and dulcimer, and all kinds of musick, ye fall down and worship the image which I have made; well: but if ye worship not, ye shall be cast the same hour into the midst of a burning fiery furnace; and who is that God that shall deliver you out of my hands? 16 Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, answered and said to the king, O Nebuchadnezzar, we are not careful to answer thee in this matter. 17 If it be so, our God whom we serve is able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and he will deliver us out of thine hand, O king. 18 But if not, be it known unto thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up. 19 Then was Nebuchadnezzar full of fury, and the form of his visage was changed against Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego: therefore he spake, and commanded that they should heat the furnace one seven times more than it was wont to be heated. 20 And he commanded the most mighty men that were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, and to cast them into the burning fiery furnace. 21 Then these men were bound in their coats, their hosen, and their hats, and their other garments, and were cast into the midst of the burning fiery furnace. 22 Therefore because the king’s commandment was urgent, and the furnace exceeding hot, the flame of the fire slew those men that took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. 23 And these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, fell down bound into the midst of the burning fiery furnace. 24 Then Nebuchadnezzar the king was astonied, and rose up in haste, and spake, and said unto his counsellers, Did not we cast three men bound into the midst of the fire? They answered and said unto the king, True, O king. 25 He answered and said, Lo, I see four men loose, walking in the midst of the fire, and they have no hurt; and the form of the fourth is like the Son of God. 26 Then Nebuchadnezzar came near to the mouth of the burning fiery furnace, and spake, and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, ye servants of the most high God, come forth, and come hither. Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, came forth of the midst of the fire. 27 And the princes, governors, and captains, and the king’s counsellers, being gathered together, saw these men, upon whose bodies the fire had no power, nor was an hair of their head singed, neither were their coats changed, nor the smell of fire had passed on them. 28 Then Nebuchadnezzar spake, and said, Blessed be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, who hath sent his angel, and delivered his servants that trusted in him, and have changed the king’s word, and yielded their bodies, that they might not serve nor worship any god, except their own God. 29 Therefore I make a decree, That every people, nation, and language, which speak any thing amiss against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, shall be cut in pieces, and their houses shall be made a dunghill: because there is no other God that can deliver after this sort. 30 Then the king promoted Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, in the province of Babylon.

The morality and impact of music in the Bible reveals the profound influence music can have on the hearts and minds of believers. It underscores the need for discernment in the creation and use of music in worship, ensuring that it aligns with God's character and purposes.

III. Music as an Expression of Worship and Testimony

A. Moses and the Song of Deliverance (Exodus 15)

Exodus 15:1–21 KJV 1900

1 Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the Lord, and spake, saying, I will sing unto the Lord, for he hath triumphed gloriously: The horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea. 2 The Lord is my strength and song, And he is become my salvation: He is my God, and I will prepare him an habitation; My father’s God, and I will exalt him. 3 The Lord is a man of war: the Lord is his name. 4 Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: His chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea. 5 The depths have covered them: They sank into the bottom as a stone. 6 Thy right hand, O Lord, is become glorious in power: Thy right hand, O Lord, hath dashed in pieces the enemy. 7 And in the greatness of thine excellency thou hast overthrown them that rose up against thee: Thou sentest forth thy wrath, which consumed them as stubble. 8 And with the blast of thy nostrils the waters were gathered together, The floods stood upright as an heap, And the depths were congealed in the heart of the sea. 9 The enemy said, I will pursue, I will overtake, I will divide the spoil; my lust shall be satisfied upon them; I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy them. 10 Thou didst blow with thy wind, the sea covered them: They sank as lead in the mighty waters. 11 Who is like unto thee, O Lord, among the gods? Who is like thee, glorious in holiness, Fearful in praises, doing wonders? 12 Thou stretchedst out thy right hand, The earth swallowed them. 13 Thou in thy mercy hast led forth the people which thou hast redeemed: Thou hast guided them in thy strength unto thy holy habitation. 14 The people shall hear, and be afraid: Sorrow shall take hold on the inhabitants of Palestina. 15 Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; The mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; All the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away. 16 Fear and dread shall fall upon them; By the greatness of thine arm they shall be as still as a stone; Till thy people pass over, O Lord, Till the people pass over, which thou hast purchased. 17 Thou shalt bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of thine inheritance, In the place, O Lord, which thou hast made for thee to dwell in, In the Sanctuary, O Lord, which thy hands have established. 18 The Lord shall reign for ever and ever. 19 For the horse of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the Lord brought again the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel went on dry land in the midst of the sea. 20 And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances. 21 And Miriam answered them, Sing ye to the Lord, for he hath triumphed gloriously; The horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea.

1. Historical Context: After the miraculous crossing of the Red Sea and the deliverance of Israel from the Egyptian army, Moses and the Israelites sang a song of praise and thanksgiving to God. This event is recorded in Exodus 15.

2. Content and Significance: The Song of Moses is a profound expression of worship, acknowledging God's power, sovereignty, and salvation. It serves as a testimony of God's deliverance and faithfulness, encapsulating the essence of worship as a response to God's mighty acts.

3. Application for Today: This example instructs believers on remembering and celebrating God's deliverance. Music in worship can be a powerful reminder of God's past acts and a testimony of faith in His future promises.

B. David's Integration of Music in Worship (1 Samuel 16:14-23; 1 Chronicles 15 & 16)

1 Samuel 16:14–23 KJV 1900

14 But the Spirit of the Lord departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the Lord troubled him. 15 And Saul’s servants said unto him, Behold now, an evil spirit from God troubleth thee. 16 Let our lord now command thy servants, which are before thee, to seek out a man, who is a cunning player on an harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well. 17 And Saul said unto his servants, Provide me now a man that can play well, and bring him to me. 18 Then answered one of the servants, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-lehemite, that is cunning in playing, and a mighty valiant man, and a man of war, and prudent in matters, and a comely person, and the Lord is with him. 19 Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said, Send me David thy son, which is with the sheep. 20 And Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them by David his son unto Saul. 21 And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer. 22 And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray thee, stand before me; for he hath found favour in my sight. 23 And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul, that David took an harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.

1. David's Musical Service to Saul: In 1 Samuel 16, David's skillful harp playing relieved King Saul from his distress. This highlights music's ability to soothe, comfort, and bring peace, reflecting God's restorative and healing nature.

2. Establishment of Worship Music: David's extensive integration of music into temple worship, as detailed in 1 Chronicles 15 and 16, was a significant development in the worship practices of Israel. He organized musicians, appointed singers, and introduced musical instruments as a regular part of worship.

3. Legacy of Davidic Worship: David's approach to worship music set a precedent for future generations. His emphasis on skilled musicianship, orderly worship, and using psalms as a central component of musical worship continues to influence Christian worship practices today.

C. The Role of New Songs in Worship (Psalms 96:1; Psalms 40:3)

Psalm 96:1 KJV 1900

1 O sing unto the Lord a new song: Sing unto the Lord, all the earth.

Psalm 40:3 KJV 1900

3 And he hath put a new song in my mouth, even praise unto our God: Many shall see it, and fear, and shall trust in the Lord.

1. Innovation and Renewal: The Psalms frequently encourage the singing of new songs to the Lord (Psalms 96:1; 40:3). This reflects the dynamic and living nature of worship, where new experiences and revelations of God's character and deeds inspire fresh expressions of praise.

2. Engagement with Contemporary Culture: The call for new songs also acknowledges the need to engage with contemporary culture and experiences. New songs can express timeless truths in ways that resonate with the current generation, facilitating a more profound worship experience.

3. Balancing Tradition and Innovation: While respecting traditional hymns and historical expressions of faith, introducing new songs in worship can invigorate and enrich the worship experience, fostering a sense of community and shared faith among believers of all ages.

The role of music in worship and testimony, as exemplified by Moses, David, and the Psalms, highlights its power to convey profound spiritual truths, foster a sense of communal identity, and facilitate encounters with the divine. Music serves as a response to God's mighty acts and a medium for conveying the ongoing story of God's work among His people.

IV. The Organizational Structure of Music in Worship

A. The Role of the Levites (1 Chronicles 15:22; 25:6-8)

1 Chronicles 25:6–8 KJV 1900

6 All these were under the hands of their father for song in the house of the Lord, with cymbals, psalteries, and harps, for the service of the house of God, according to the king’s order to Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman. 7 So the number of them, with their brethren that were instructed in the songs of the Lord, even all that were cunning, was two hundred fourscore and eight. 8 And they cast lots, ward against ward, as well the small as the great, the teacher as the scholar.

1. Designated Musicians and Singers: In the Old Testament, particularly in 1 Chronicles 15 and 25, the Levites were appointed as the primary musicians and singers for temple worship. This appointment underlines the importance and sacredness of the role of music in worship.

2. Spiritual and Liturgical Functions: The Levites were not just performers; their role was deeply spiritual and liturgical. They were responsible for leading the congregation in worship, using music to elevate the people's hearts towards God and to aid in the communal expression of faith.

3. Organization and Order: 1 Chronicles 15:22 and 25:6-8 highlight the organization and order in the musical service. The Levites were organized into specific roles, including singers, instrumentalists, and directors, ensuring the musical worship was conducted with reverence and excellence.

B. The Importance of Musical Talent and Training (1 Chronicles 15:22)

1 Chronicles 15:22 KJV 1900

22 And Chenaniah, chief of the Levites, was for song: he instructed about the song, because he was skilful.

1. Valuing Skill in Worship: As noted in 1 Chronicles 15:22, the appointment of skilled musicians emphasizes the value placed on musical talent in worship. Skilled musicianship was seen as a means of honoring God with the best of human abilities.

2. Training and Preparation: The Levites underwent rigorous training for their role in temple music. This preparation was spiritual and musical, indicating that the excellence of worship music requires technical skill and spiritual maturity.

3. Application for Contemporary Worship: This principle has implications for contemporary worship. Music ministry members should be encouraged and supported in developing their musical abilities and spiritual understanding. This commitment to excellence in both areas ensures that worship music is technically proficient and spiritually edifying.

As modeled by the Levites, the organizational structure of music in worship demonstrates the importance of dedicated roles, skilled musicianship, and thorough training. This structure guides contemporary worship, emphasizing the need for order, excellence, and spiritual integrity in music ministry.

V. Music in Spiritual Warfare

A. Jehoshaphat's Victory Through Praise (2 Chronicles 20)

1. Historical Context: In 2 Chronicles 20, King Jehoshaphat and the people of Judah faced a formidable coalition of enemy forces. Jehoshaphat sought the Lord's guidance in this crisis and proclaimed a fast throughout Judah.

2 Chronicles 20 KJV 1900

1 It came to pass after this also, that the children of Moab, and the children of Ammon, and with them other beside the Ammonites, came against Jehoshaphat to battle. 2 Then there came some that told Jehoshaphat, saying, There cometh a great multitude against thee from beyond the sea on this side Syria; and, behold, they be in Hazazon-tamar, which is En-gedi. 3 And Jehoshaphat feared, and set himself to seek the Lord, and proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah. 4 And Judah gathered themselves together, to ask help of the Lord: even out of all the cities of Judah they came to seek the Lord. 5 And Jehoshaphat stood in the congregation of Judah and Jerusalem, in the house of the Lord, before the new court, 6 And said, O Lord God of our fathers, art not thou God in heaven? and rulest not thou over all the kingdoms of the heathen? and in thine hand is there not power and might, so that none is able to withstand thee? 7 Art not thou our God, who didst drive out the inhabitants of this land before thy people Israel, and gavest it to the seed of Abraham thy friend for ever? 8 And they dwelt therein, and have built thee a sanctuary therein for thy name, saying, 9 If, when evil cometh upon us, as the sword, judgment, or pestilence, or famine, we stand before this house, and in thy presence, (for thy name is in this house,) and cry unto thee in our affliction, then thou wilt hear and help. 10 And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned from them, and destroyed them not; 11 Behold, I say, how they reward us, to come to cast us out of thy possession, which thou hast given us to inherit. 12 O our God, wilt thou not judge them? for we have no might against this great company that cometh against us; neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon thee. 13 And all Judah stood before the Lord, with their little ones, their wives, and their children. 14 Then upon Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, a Levite of the sons of Asaph, came the Spirit of the Lord in the midst of the congregation; 15 And he said, Hearken ye, all Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat, Thus saith the Lord unto you, Be not afraid nor dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God’s. 16 To morrow go ye down against them: behold, they come up by the cliff of Ziz; and ye shall find them at the end of the brook, before the wilderness of Jeruel. 17 Ye shall not need to fight in this battle: set yourselves, stand ye still, and see the salvation of the Lord with you, O Judah and Jerusalem: fear not, nor be dismayed; to morrow go out against them: for the Lord will be with you. 18 And Jehoshaphat bowed his head with his face to the ground: and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell before the Lord, worshipping the Lord. 19 And the Levites, of the children of the Kohathites, and of the children of the Korhites, stood up to praise the Lord God of Israel with a loud voice on high. 20 And they rose early in the morning, and went forth into the wilderness of Tekoa: and as they went forth, Jehoshaphat stood and said, Hear me, O Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem; Believe in the Lord your God, so shall ye be established; believe his prophets, so shall ye prosper. 21 And when he had consulted with the people, he appointed singers unto the Lord, and that should praise the beauty of holiness, as they went out before the army, and to say, Praise the Lord; for his mercy endureth for ever. 22 And when they began to sing and to praise, the Lord set ambushments against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, which were come against Judah; and they were smitten. 23 For the children of Ammon and Moab stood up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, utterly to slay and destroy them: and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, every one helped to destroy another. 24 And when Judah came toward the watch tower in the wilderness, they looked unto the multitude, and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and none escaped. 25 And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take away the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches with the dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away: and they were three days in gathering of the spoil, it was so much. 26 And on the fourth day they assembled themselves in the valley of Berachah; for there they blessed the Lord: therefore the name of the same place was called, The valley of Berachah, unto this day. 27 Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, and Jehoshaphat in the forefront of them, to go again to Jerusalem with joy; for the Lord had made them to rejoice over their enemies. 28 And they came to Jerusalem with psalteries and harps and trumpets unto the house of the Lord. 29 And the fear of God was on all the kingdoms of those countries, when they had heard that the Lord fought against the enemies of Israel. 30 So the realm of Jehoshaphat was quiet: for his God gave him rest round about. 31 And Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah: he was thirty and five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned twenty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi. 32 And he walked in the way of Asa his father, and departed not from it, doing that which was right in the sight of the Lord. 33 Howbeit the high places were not taken away: for as yet the people had not prepared their hearts unto the God of their fathers. 34 Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, first and last, behold, they are written in the book of Jehu the son of Hanani, who is mentioned in the book of the kings of Israel. 35 And after this did Jehoshaphat king of Judah join himself with Ahaziah king of Israel, who did very wickedly: 36 And he joined himself with him to make ships to go to Tarshish: and they made the ships in Ezion-geber. 37 Then Eliezer the son of Dodavah of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, Because thou hast joined thyself with Ahaziah, the Lord hath broken thy works. And the ships were broken, that they were not able to go to Tarshish.

2. Divine Guidance and Response: In response to Jehoshaphat's prayer, God's Spirit came upon Jahaziel, a Levite, who prophesied that the battle belonged to the Lord. Encouraged by this divine assurance, Jehoshaphat and the people worshipped God, bowing with their faces to the ground in reverence.

3. Role of Music in the Battle: The following day, as they went out to confront the enemy, Jehoshaphat appointed singers to lead the army, praising the beauty of holiness and declaring, “Praise the Lord; for his mercy endureth for ever.” This act of faith was extraordinary as it placed worship and praise at the forefront of a physical battle.

4. The Outcome: As the people began to sing and praise, the Lord set ambushes against the enemy forces, who were defeated. This remarkable victory was not won through conventional warfare but through the power of praise and worship. The enemies turned on each other, and Judah was spared from battle.

5. Spiritual Significance: This event is a powerful testament to the spiritual dimension of music in warfare. It illustrates that praise and worship are not mere physical acts but carry spiritual authority and power. In this context, music becomes a weapon of warfare, not against flesh and blood, but against spiritual powers.

6. Application in Spiritual Life: Jehoshaphat's victory through praise teaches that believers are to focus on God’s sovereignty and faithfulness in times of spiritual warfare. Music and praise can shift the atmosphere, bringing God's presence and power into challenging situations. It encourages believers to rely not just on human strategies but on divine intervention and guidance.

Jehoshaphat's victory through praise in 2 Chronicles 20 highlights music's profound impact on spiritual warfare. It demonstrates that worship and praise are powerful spiritual tools that can lead to divine intervention and victory in the face of overwhelming odds. This account encourages believers to engage in worship and praise, especially in times of spiritual challenge and warfare.

Conclusion:

A. The Need for Biblical Understanding of Music in Worship

1. Integrating Scripture with Worship Music: The sermon has highlighted the importance of a biblical foundation for music in worship. Church leaders and congregants need to understand that music in worship is not merely a matter of personal preference or cultural trend but is deeply rooted in biblical principles.

2. Guidance and Discernment: A biblical understanding of music provides guidance and discernment in choosing songs, styles, and the manner in which music is presented in worship. It helps navigate contemporary issues and challenges related to church music, ensuring that worship remains God-centered and biblically aligned.

3. Educational Imperative: Churches are encouraged to educate their members about the biblical foundations and principles of worship music. This education can take place through teaching series, workshops, and discussions, helping the congregation to appreciate and engage more deeply in worship.

B. Following the Examples of Moses and David

1. Emulating Biblical Models: Moses and David are exemplary models for integrating music into worship. Moses' song of deliverance and David's establishment of organized worship music provide frameworks for understanding the role of music in expressing gratitude, celebrating God’s acts, and facilitating communal worship.

2. Adaptation to Contemporary Contexts: While honoring these biblical examples, it is essential to adapt their principles to contemporary worship settings. This involves balancing tradition with innovation, ensuring that music remains relevant and engaging for today’s congregations while retaining its biblical essence.

3. Leadership in Worship: Church leaders are called to emulate the leadership qualities of Moses and David in their approach to worship music. This includes a commitment to spiritual integrity, a heart for God's presence, and a desire to lead congregations in genuine, heartfelt worship.

C. The Call to Honor God through Music ("Soli Deo Gloria" – Glory to God Alone)

1. Primary Objective of Worship Music: The ultimate goal of music in worship is to glorify God. "Soli Deo Gloria," meaning "Glory to God Alone," encapsulates this objective. Every aspect of worship music, from its lyrics to its execution, should aim to reflect God's glory and majesty.

2. Avoiding Performance Mentality: While musical excellence is important, it is crucial to avoid a performance mentality that seeks human applause rather than divine approval. Worship music should lead the congregation to encounter God, not merely showcase human talent.

3. Inclusivity and Participation: Worship music should foster an environment of inclusivity and participation, encouraging the entire congregation to join in worship, regardless of musical ability or preference. This communal participation in worship reflects the unity and diversity of the body of Christ.

In conclusion, understanding the biblical basis of music in worship, following the examples of biblical figures like Moses and David, and focusing on glorifying God through music is pivotal for a meaningful and God-honoring worship experience. This approach ensures that music serves its intended purpose in worship - to honor God, edify the believers, and testify to His greatness and goodness.

Application:

A. Encouraging the Study of Biblical Principles of Music

1. Promoting Biblical Literacy in Music: Churches should actively encourage the study of biblical principles of music among worship leaders, musicians, and the congregation. This can involve Bible studies focused on scriptures related to music, workshops, or sermon series that delve into the biblical perspective of worship music.

2. Incorporating Biblical Principles in Music Ministry: Worship teams and choirs should integrate these biblical principles into their practice and selection of music. Understanding why certain songs are chosen and how they align with scripture helps create a more meaningful worship experience.

3. Fostering a Theologically Informed Worship Culture: Encouraging the study of biblical principles of music aids in developing a theologically informed worship culture within the church. This ensures that music is not just performed or enjoyed but is used as a tool for spiritual growth and glorification of God.

B. Cultivating a Worship Environment that Reflects God’s Design

1. Creating a Spirit-led Worship Atmosphere: Worship services should create an environment where the Holy Spirit is welcome and active. This involves selecting music that aligns with scriptural truths, encourages participation, and facilitates a personal and communal encounter with God.

2. Balancing Form and Freedom: While it is important to have structure in worship, there should also be room for spontaneity and freedom in the Spirit. This balance reflects God’s design for worship - orderly yet dynamic and responsive to the leading of the Holy Spirit.

3. Inclusivity and Diversity in Worship: A worship environment that reflects God’s design embraces diversity and inclusivity, representing the congregation's various musical expressions and traditions. This approach not only honors the cultural backgrounds of church members but also enriches the worship experience.

C. Embracing Both the Old and New in Music for God’s Glory

1. Valuing Traditional and New Music: Churches should recognize the value of traditional hymns and newer, stylistically pure songs. Both forms bring unique contributions to worship and can coexist to enrich the worship experience.

2. Adopting & Adapting Historical Hymns for Our Settings: Historical hymns need not stagnate (like day-old manna) but should be adopted by our generation as we seek to make the message of these songs our own and immerse them into our settings, preserving their rich theological content while making them accessible and engaging for modern congregations.

3. Innovating with Sensitivity and Reverence: While embracing new music, it is crucial to do so with sensitivity and reverence. Innovations in music, especially regarding style, should not compromise the beauty of holiness, theological integrity, or spirit of worship but should aim to enhance the congregation’s experience of God’s presence.

Applying these principles in a church's worship ministry can lead to a richer, more engaging, and spiritually nourishing worship experience. It encourages a deeper connection with God through music and fosters a worship environment reflective of His glory and majesty.