Jesus in the Old Testament: The Lamb Exodus 12:1-13
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1 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
2 “This month is to be the beginning of months for you; it is the first month of your year.
3 Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month they must each select an animal of the flock according to their fathers’ families, one animal per family.
4 If the household is too small for a whole animal, that person and the neighbor nearest his house are to select one based on the combined number of people; you should apportion the animal according to what each will eat.
5 You must have an unblemished animal, a year-old male; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats.
6 You are to keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; then the whole assembly of the community of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.
7 They must take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat them.
8 They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
9 Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire—its head as well as its legs and inner organs.
10 You must not leave any of it until morning; any part of it left until morning you must burn.
11 Here is how you must eat it: You must be dressed for travel, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. You are to eat it in a hurry; it is the Lord’s Passover.
12 “I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I am the Lord; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt.
13 The blood on the houses where you are staying will be a distinguishing mark for you; when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No plague will be among you to destroy you when I strike the land of Egypt.
Introduction:
The Scriptures View of Christ as Our Passover
Paul viewed OT things as shadows but Christ is the substance
16 Therefore, don’t let anyone judge you in regard to food and drink or in the matter of a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day.
17 These are a shadow of what was to come; the substance is Christ.
Paul viewed Christ as our Passover
7 Clean out the old leaven so that you may be a new unleavened batch, as indeed you are. For Christ our Passover lamb has been sacrificed.
8 Therefore, let us observe the feast, not with old leaven or with the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.
These verse affect the way we go back and read Ex. 12. We now a fuller picture of these historic events.
Understanding the Passover
LET GOD’S PEOPLE GO
The people of God are in bondage in Egypt. God tells Moses to tell Pharaoh to let His people go but Pharaoh refuses to do so. So God sends different plagues to the land, yet Pharaoh’s hardened heart still would not let God’s people go. So God sends one last plague.
1 The Lord said to Moses, “I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. After that, he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will drive you out of here.
4 So Moses said, “This is what the Lord says: About midnight I will go throughout Egypt, 5 and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is at the grindstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock.
APPLICATION: God will deliver His people for bondage (sin). God has not forgotten His people. He is the One providing a way.
PASSOVER PREPARATION
The Passover is a Meal
3 Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month they must each select an animal of the flock according to their fathers’ families, one animal per family. 4 If the household is too small for a whole animal, that person and the neighbor nearest his house are to select one based on the combined number of people; you should apportion the animal according to what each will eat.
There were to be no leftover. (ex. Kochi)
Detailed Instructions
5 You must have an unblemished animal, a year-old male; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats.
6 You are to keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; then the whole assembly of the community of Israel will slaughter the animals at twilight.
7 They must take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat them.
8 They are to eat the meat that night; they should eat it, roasted over the fire along with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
9 Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire—its head as well as its legs and inner organs.
10 You must not leave any of it until morning; any part of it left until morning you must burn.
11 Here is how you must eat it: You must be dressed for travel, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. You are to eat it in a hurry; it is the Lord’s Passover.
12 “I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night and strike every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both people and animals. I am the Lord; I will execute judgments against all the gods of Egypt.
Note: The lamb is not what brings them safety. It is their faith that is shown through their obedience. (faith without works is dead)
23 Jesus answered, “If anyone loves me, he will keep my word. My Father will love him, and we will come to him and make our home with him.
Verses That Point to Jesus
unblemished
5 You must have an unblemished animal, a year-old male; you may take it from either the sheep or the goats.
18 For you know that you were redeemed from your empty way of life inherited from your ancestors, not with perishable things like silver or gold,
19 but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of an unblemished and spotless lamb.
The blood
7 They must take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses where they eat them.
the death angel passed over when it say the blood
9 How much more then, since we have now been justified by his blood, will we be saved through him from wrath.
7 In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace
Jesus was crucified during the Passover (last supper)
7 Then the Day of Unleavened Bread came when the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed.
8 Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”
9 “Where do you want us to prepare it?” they asked him.
10 “Listen,” he said to them, “when you’ve entered the city, a man carrying a water jug will meet you. Follow him into the house he enters.
11 Tell the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher asks you, “Where is the guest room where I can eat the Passover with my disciples?” ’
12 Then he will show you a large, furnished room upstairs. Make the preparations there.”
13 So they went and found it just as he had told them, and they prepared the Passover.
14 When the hour came, he reclined at the table, and the apostles with him.
15 Then he said to them, “I have fervently desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer.
16 For I tell you, I will not eat it again until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”
17 Then he took a cup, and after giving thanks, he said, “Take this and share it among yourselves.
18 For I tell you, from now on I will not drink of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes.”
19 And he took bread, gave thanks, broke it, gave it to them, and said, “This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”
20 In the same way he also took the cup after supper and said, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.