Kingdom Come- declaration
Only Matthew includes vv. 5–6, a distinctively particularist text. But these restrictions do not contradict the Great Commission (28:18–20). Even 10:18 anticipates the disciples going into Gentile territory. Instead, Jesus’ commands fit the larger pattern of his own ministry prior to his death and match the missionary priority Paul himself maintained throughout Acts (e.g., 13:46; 18:6; 19:9; 28:25–28) and articulated in Rom 1:16 (“first for the Jew, and then for the Gentile”).
Jesus previously commissioned the disciples to exorcise the demons and to heal the sick (v. 1). Now he tells them they must preach as well (v. 7). Their message remains identical to that of John the Baptist and Jesus (3:2; 4:17). Their miracle-working ministry is also restated and itemized. Jesus has already performed healings in each of these categories; all but the curing of lepers (probably a coincidental omission) will explicitly reappear in Acts through the ministries of various Christians
The blessings associated with discipleship come solely by grace and must be similarly imparted (v. 8b). Dependence on benefactors is to be illustrated by traveling as simply as possible. All the resources the disciples need—money, travel provisions, and extra clothing—will be given to them (v. 11) by those who accept their ministry
there are times when Christian ministers should refuse remuneration for the sake of the gospel. When Christians accept money for ministry, they ought never view it as a wage but as a gift. D. A. Carson comments, “The church does not pay its ministers; rather, it provides them with resources so that they are able to serve freely
As they enter each new location, the disciples must look for those who are open to their message and ministry. Such people will provide the characteristic hospitality given to friends and respected people who traveled in the ancient Roman world (bed and board). Such hospitality proved vital, given the generally nefarious state of public lodging—hotbeds of piracy and prostitution. “Worthy” in v. 11 is the same word translated “worth” in v. 10 and “deserving” in v. 13. In light of v. 14, the term must refer to the response of welcoming the disciples, not to any necessary merit or virtue in the individuals. The disciples must remain with such worthy people to avoid accusations of favoritism or the jealousies of competition among potential hosts
Shaking the dust off one’s feet was a ritual of renunciation used by Jews when they returned to Israel from Gentile territories
Rejecting the disciples’ message is thus seen as a serious sin, indeed, worse even than the gross rebellion of Sodom and Gomorrah in Old Testament times (cf. Gen 18:20–19:28). The increasing culpability of such rejection probably stemmed from the fact that God’s revelation in Christ was that much clearer and more immediate