The Romans Road
Samaria, as a name of the small district of central Palestine, arose from the name of the city “Samaria,” built by Omri, and made the site of the kingdom of Israel (1 Kings 14:24), and that of the Baal—and of the calf-worship. Samaria suffered from the siege, and the city was depopulated by Shalmanezer (Sargon), and colonized with Assyrians under Esarhaddon. It was destroyed by Hyrcanus and rebuilt in splendour by Herod the Great, and by him dedicated to Augustus, and called Sebaste after him. Though Shechem (equivalent to Sichem) was the more famous site, and overshadowed Herod’s city by its historical interest, yet “Samaria” was the name which has survived all others, and covered a larger space. Jesus was probably on the borders of Samaria, in the Judæan country, before he commenced his journey. Samaria was included in the tetrarchy of Archelaus, and formed part of the province under the procuratorship of Pontius Pilate; while Herod Antipas reigned over Galilee and Peræa.
Reveals Need for Water
Reveals Herself
call thy husband—now proceeding to arouse her slumbering conscience by laying bare the guilty life she was leading, and by the minute details which that life furnished, not only bringing her sin vividly up before her, but preparing her to receive in His true character that wonderful Stranger to whom her whole life, in its minutest particulars, evidently lay open.
4:20 this mountain Refers to Mount Gerizim, the holy mountain for the Samaritan community. The mountain was visible from the well where Jesus and the woman were speaking.
you people say The woman moves quickly to change the subject from her immoral lifestyle to the ongoing religious controversy between the Jews and Samaritans over sacred space.
4:21 neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem Jesus does not take up the debate over legitimate holy places. Rather, he points to a future time of salvation when worship will not be limited to any local sacred site, neither Mount Gerizim nor Jerusalem. How one worships is more important than where one worships.