FEAR NOT
The condition of the world is rapidly disintegrating and people are experiencing debilitating fear. The only way to combat these fears is to see situations through a biblical lens.
Facing Our Fears with Faith
Bible Passage: Psalm 55:4-5
Introduction
Abnormal Fear
When abnormal fear exists, the level of fear is way out of proportion to the actual situation—in fact, the fear may be totally unrelated to the situation. Abnormal fear can then result in a panic attack. The person with abnormal fear can identify with this anguished cry …
“My heart is in anguish within me; the terrors of death assail me. Fear and trembling have beset me; horror has overwhelmed me. I said, ‘Oh, that I had the wings of a dove! I would fly away and be at rest—I would flee far away and stay in the desert.’ ”
(Psalm 55:4–7)
The Bible uses numerous words to denote fear. The most common of these (giving the noun forms) are Heb. yir’â, ‘reverence’; Heb. paḥaḏ, dread’, ‘fear’; Gk. phobos, ‘fear’, ‘terror’. Theologically, four main categories can be suggested.
a. Holy fear
This comes from the believer’s apprehension of the living God. According to Luther, the natural man cannot fear God perfectly; according to Rudolf Otto, he is ‘quite unable even to shudder grauen) or feel horror in the real sense of the word’. Holy fear, on the other hand, is God-given, enabling men to reverence God’s authority, obey his commandments and hate and shun all form of evil (Je. 32:40; cf. Gn. 22:12; Heb. 5:7). It is, moreover, the beginning (or principle) of wisdom (Ps. 111:10); the secret of uprightness (Pr. 8:13); a feature of the people in whom God delights (Ps. 147:11); and the whole duty of man (Ec. 12:13). It is also one of the divine qualifications of the Messiah (Is. 11:2–3).
In the OT, largely because of the law’s legal sanctions, true religion is often regarded as synonymous with the fear of God (cf. Je. 2:19; Ps. 34:11, Moffatt), and even in NT times the term ‘walking in the fear of the Lord’ was used in connection with the early Christians. Gentile adherents of the synagogue were called ‘God-fearers’ (Acts 10:2, etc.; cf. Phil. 2:12).
In the NT generally, however, emphasis is laid on God as loving and forgiving, the One who through Christ gives to men the spirit of sonship (Rom. 8:15), and enables them boldly to face up to life (2 Tim. 1:6–7) and death (Heb. 2:15) without fear. Nevertheless, a reverent fear remains; for the awesomeness of God has not changed, and there is a day of judgment to be met (2 Cor. 5:10f.). Godly fear stimulates the believer to seek holiness (2 Cor. 7:1), and is reflected in his attitude towards his fellow-Christians (Eph. 5:21).
b. Slavish fear
This is strictly a natural consequence of sin (Gn. 3:10; Pr. 28:1), and can come as a punishment (Dt. 28:28). It was felt by Felix when he heard Paul preach (Acts 24:25); it is felt by Christ-rejecters, for whom remains only ‘a fearful expectation of judgment’ (Heb. 10:27, RV, 31; cf. Rev. 21:8). Though not of itself good, this fear is often used by the Holy Spirit for the conversion of men (Acts 16:29ff., etc.).
c. Fear of men
This can be expressed as: (i) a reverential awe and regard of men, as of masters and magistrates (1 Pet. 2:18; Rom. 13:7); (ii) a blind dread of them and what they can do (Nu. 14:9; Is. 8:12; Pr. 29:25); and (iii) in a peculiar sense a Christian concern for them lest they be ruined by sin (1 Cor. 2:3; 2 Cor. 11:3; Col. 2:1). This kind of fear, and also the slavish fear mentioned in (b) above, can be cast out by true love to God (1 Jn. 4:18).
d. ‘Fear’ as the object of fear
Fear is used in another sense, as in Gn. 31:42, 53, where God is called the ‘Fear’ of *ISAAC—i.e. the God whom Isaac feared and worshipped. Their ‘fear’, the thing that terrifies them, comes upon the wicked (Pr. 1:26–27; 10:24; cf. Is. 66:4). When the Hebrews entered the promised land God sent his fear before them, destroying and scattering the Canaanites, or so impressing them with his fear as to render them spiritless and unable to withstand the invaders (Ex. 23:27–28). Fear in this sense is found also in Jb. 4:6 (cf. 9:34; 13:21): ‘Is not your fear of God your confidence, and the integrity of your ways your hope?’
BIBLIOGRAPHY. R. Otto, The Idea of the Holy, 1929; J. Murray, Principles of Conduct, 1957, pp. 229ff.; J.-J. von Allmen, Vocabulary of the Bible, 1958, pp. 113–119; R. H. Pfeiffer, ‘The Fear of God’, IEJ 5, 1955, pp. 43–48 (a valuable survey of the idea of fear in the non-biblical literatures of the ancient Near East); W. Mundle, NIDNTT 1, pp. 621–624; H. Balz, G. Wanke, TDNT 9, pp. 189–219; W. Foerster, TDNT 7, pp. 168–196; R. Bultmann, TDNT 2, pp. 751–754.
J. D. DOUGLAS.
