20250316 Romans 5:12-17 Adam and Christ - part 3
The Book of Romans • Sermon • Submitted • Presented
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Welcome to Vertical Church
42 And they were continually devoting themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to the prayers.
As a church we seek to uphold the values of the NT church as seen in Acts 2:42 -
We are Trinitarian - while God is one in essence, He is three in person: God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Spirit
We believe in the sovereignty of God - sovereign over all creation, sovereign over the affairs of men, sovereign over salvation
We believe in the authority of the Bible - Scripture alone is the Word of God
We are Biblical in our theology - we are a bible teaching church
We believe that the Church is not a building or a denomination but a people - those who are truly in Christ and embrace the truths that were embraced and confessed by the New Testament Church, the apostolic church.
We are evangelical - we believe that we are saved by grace alone through faith alone in Christ alone.
We are a Vertical Church - we believe that all true worship and living is Vertical, God directed and for the glory of God alone.
Scripture Alone, Grace Alone, Faith Alone, Christ Alone, For the glory of God alone - join us on Sundays
Grace alone - Galatians 2:21
21 “I do not set aside the grace of God, for if righteousness comes through the Law, then Christ died needlessly.”
Let Us Worship God
Call to Worship
1 Give thanks to Yahweh, for He is good, For His lovingkindness endures forever. 2 Give thanks to the God of gods, For His lovingkindness endures forever. 3 Give thanks to the Lord of lords, For His lovingkindness endures forever.
Scripture Reading
12 Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned— 13 for until the Law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there is no law. 14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the trespass of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come. 15 But the gracious gift is not like the transgression. For if by the transgression of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many. 16 And the gift is not like that which came through the one who sinned; for on the one hand the judgment arose from one transgression resulting in condemnation, but on the other hand the gracious gift arose from many transgressions resulting in justification. 17 For if by the transgression of the one, death reigned through the one, much more those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.
Introduction: Romans 5:12-17 Adam and Christ - part 3
What was God doing before the creation of the world?
The self existence of the uncreated one
The perfect relationship of the trinity - coequal in every way
The perfect love of the trinity - perfect fellowship
There are glimpses of God’s actions before creation:
29 and I grant you a kingdom, just as My Father granted one to Me,
Granted, assigned, appoint, bestowed, conferred, given the right to rule
The word diatithemai specifically carries the connotation of covenant-making. Every time it is used in the Bible, it carries this meaning.
Granted: διατίθεμαι βασιλείαν: (an idiom, literally ‘to designate ruling’) to designate someone in a somewhat formal or official way for the role of ruling—‘to give the right to rule, to provide with the authority to rule.’ κἀγὼ διατίθεμαι ὑμῖν καθὼς διέθετό μοι ὁ πατήρ μου βασιλείαν ‘I give you the right to rule just as my Father has given me the right to rule’ Lk 22:29. In a number of languages it may be difficult to translate literally ‘to give the right to rule.’ Often this is expressed by direct discourse, for example, ‘to say, You now have the authority to rule’ or ‘to say, You are now able to command.’
Johannes P. Louw and Eugene Albert Nida, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains (New York: United Bible Societies, 1996), 483.
Covenants are relationships God establishes with people on the basis of his promises. The Noahic covenant, the Abrahamic covenant, the Davidic covenant
This morning we’ll look at Romans 5:12-17 through the lens of two covenants: the covenant of works and the covenant of redemption
(1) The Covenant of Works
16 And Yahweh God commanded the man, saying, “From any tree of the garden you may surely eat; 17 but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, you shall not eat from it; for in the day that you eat from it you will surely die.”
The sins of Adam and Eve - some writers list 23 sins but we can limit it to disobedience, defiance, lust, covetousness, blame, deceitfulness,
6 Then the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was desirable to make one wise, so she took from its fruit and ate; and she gave also to her husband with her, and he ate. 7 And the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves loin coverings. 8 Then they heard the sound of Yahweh God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of Yahweh God in the midst of the trees of the garden. 9 Yahweh God called to the man and said to him, “Where are you?” 10 And he said, “I heard the sound of You in the garden, and I was afraid because I was naked; so I hid.” 11 And He said, “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten from the tree of which I commanded you not to eat?” 12 And the man said, “The woman whom You gave to be with me, she gave to me from the tree, and I ate.” 13 Then Yahweh God said to the woman, “What is this you have done?” And the woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”
Adam as Representative:
Sproul argued that Adam was chosen by God to represent all humanity, and his actions had consequences for the entire human race.
Original Righteousness, Not Perfection:
Sproul believed that Adam and Eve were created in a state of original righteousness, meaning they were not inherently sinful, but possessed the ability to choose to obey or disobey God.
The Fall and its Consequences:
Adam's disobedience, or "sin," resulted in the introduction of sin and death into the world, and this sin nature was passed down to all of Adam's descendants.
Not a Necessity of Nature:
Sproul emphasized that Adam's choice to sin was not a predetermined outcome, but a free-will decision.
10 For whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles in one point, he has become guilty of all.
12 Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned— 13 for until the Law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there is no law.
The Gospel of God: Romans Victory over Death (5:12–21)
Death was a consequence of sin; it was not built into creation. It comes as a punishment upon the human race for the infection and pollution of sin that is passed on to us through Adam.
The Gospel of God: Romans Victory over Death (5:12–21)
the Christian faith believe in immortality too? Yes, but it is an acquired immortality. Let me explain that. The Bible tells us that we are born mortal.
The Gospel of God: Romans Victory over Death (5:12–21)
In creation, God made man with the capacity for dying, body and soul. Man’s nature was every moment dependent for its life on the sustaining power of God. The question of whether or not that human being (Adam) would continue to live indefinitely, or have his life terminated by death, was centred on the question of obedience.
The Gospel of God: Romans Victory over Death (5:12–21)
God exercised his prerogative of mercy and grace by not imposing the full measure of the penalty for sin which was instantaneous death. He did instantly impose spiritual death and he also imposed the penalty of physical death, but that was delayed so that man was given a few years to live in this world before he had to suffer the punishment for his sin.
14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the trespass of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come.
Death reigned, death was victorious - glimpses of immortality like Enoch but death reigned
(2) The Covenant of Redemption
The Covenant of Redemption is a Covenant made in eternity past. It is a covenant made between the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit to create a people who would share in the love of teh trinity and eternally worship the Father, son and Holy Spirit. The covenant was to not just create but to plan and carry out the redemption of the elect. They determined that each member of the Trinity would have roles in this covenant:
The Father:
The Father is the one who initiates the concept of redemption, knowing that creation would fall into sin, and designs the plan of salvation.
The Son (Jesus):
The Son is given the assignment by the Father to accomplish the redemption, becoming human, living a sinless life, and offering himself as the perfect sacrifice on the cross.
The Holy Spirit:
The Holy Spirit applies the work of redemption to believers, drawing them to Christ, regenerating and sanctifying them, and empowering them to live a life pleasing to God.
15 But the gracious gift is not like the transgression. For if by the transgression of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many.
16 And the gift is not like that which came through the one who sinned; for on the one hand the judgment arose from one transgression resulting in condemnation, but on the other hand the gracious gift arose from many transgressions resulting in justification. 17 For if by the transgression of the one, death reigned through the one, much more those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.
May we truly seek to understand who God is
45 So also it is written, “The first man, Adam, became a living soul.” The last Adam became a life-giving spirit.
Christ is now our representative, our head, our advocate, our substitute. And just as in Adam we fell into separation and sin, in Christ we rise to new life and new birth
Benediction
Now the Lord, Maker of heaven and earth, the keeper of Israel and your keeper, keep your going out and your coming in from now on and for all time. Amen.
