Old Testament Chronology Lecture 3

SHEPHERDS COLLEGE SHORT COURSE: OLD TESTAMENT CHRONOLOGY 1 APRIL 2025, LECTURE 3 1 2 THE BOOKS OF THE PENTATEUCH 3 1446 Date for Exodus** 1260 Date for Exodus** Abraham 2166–1991 2000–1825 Isaac 2066–1886 1900–1720 Jacob 2006–1859 1840–1693 Joseph 1915–1805 1749–1639 Moses’ birth 1526 1340 Exodus 1446 1260 Desert wanderings 1446–1406 1260–1220 4 BOOKS 1. Genesis 2. Exodus 3. Leviticus 4. Numbers 5. Deuteronomy 5 EXODUS 1. Name: LXX, “to leave,” Hebrew: “these are the names” 2. Theme: God’s deliverance and fulfillment of His promise to His people. 3. Pharoah and Moses 4. The Passover and Feast of Unleavened Bread 5. The giving of the Law 6. The structure of the tabernacle 6 THE 10 COMMANDMENTS Exodus 20; Deuteronomy 5:6-21 7 JEWISH COUNTING 8 REFORMED/ ANGLICAN/ ORTHODOX/BAPTIST 9 CATHOLIC/ LUTHERAN 10 Leviticus 11 LEVITICUS 1. Name: Latin, “about the Levites,” Hebrew: “and he called” 2. Theme: God’s Holiness 3. Rules of the Levitical Priesthood 4. God’s ceremonial Law 5. God’s Moral Law 6. God’s Civil Law 12 HIGHLIGHTS Nadab and Abihu 8:1-10:20 The execution of a man who curses God 24:10-23 Holiness, cleanliness, purity, impurity Leviticus 11:45—Be Holy! The divine presence Atonement Unlawful sexual relations: 17 Injustice 18 Forbidden occult practises 19 Punishments 20 13 HIGHLIGHTS Blessings and Curses 26 14 NUMBERS Census “in the wilderness” 15 NUMBERS 1. God’s faithfulness in the wilderness 2. Typology Matthew 4:1–11 & Luke 4:13: Christ in the Wilderness Numbers 19:2–10 & Hebrews 9:13: The blood of bulls and goats rendered unnecessary by Christ Numbers 20:11 & 1 Corinthians 10:4: The Rock is Christ Numbers 21:4–9 & John 3:14-15: The Bronze Serpent Numbers 24:15–19: the prophecy of David 16 NUMBERS 14—THE REBELLION • See Hebrews 3:17-18 Numbers 14:22–23 (ESV) •22 none of the men who have seen my glory and my signs that I did in Egypt and in the wilderness, and yet have put me to the test these ten times and have not obeyed my voice, 23 shall see the land that I swore to give to their fathers. And none of those who despised me shall see it. 17 DEUTERONOMY 18 DEUTERONOMY LXX: Deuteronomion; Hebrew: “these are the words” Dt 1:1 These are the words that Moses spoke to all Israel beyond the Jordan in the wilderness, Dt 1:5 Beyond the Jordan, in the land of Moab, Moses undertook to explain this law, saying, Dt 31:22 So Moses wrote this song the same day and taught it to the people of Israel. 2 Ki 14:6 But he did not put to death the children of the murderers, according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded, “Fathers shall not be put to death because of their children, nor shall children be put to death because of their fathers. But each one shall die for his own sin.” 19 THE COVENANTAL STRUCTURE OF DEUTERONOMY (a) a preamble identifying the covenant mediator (1:1–5); (b) a historical prologue reviewing previous covenant history (1:6–4:40); (c) stipulations expounding the covenant way of life (4:44–11:32; 12–26); (d) a declaration of sanctions stating the blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience of the covenant (chs. 27–30); (e) a provision for the administration of the covenant after the death of the inaugural mediator (chs. 31–34). R. C. Sproul, ed., The Reformation Study Bible: English Standard Version (2015 Edition) (Orlando, FL: Reformation Trust, 2015), 250. 20