Ecclesiastes 1:1-11

English Standard Version Chapter 1

The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem.

Vanity of vanities, says the Preacher,

vanity of vanities! All is vanity.

What does man gain by all the toil

at which he toils under the sun?

The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem. Vanity of vanities, says the Preacher, (meaningless of meaningless)

Vanity of vanities! All is vanity.

What does man gain by all the toil at which he toils under the sun? (Only found in Ecclesiastes).

No Greek or persisn infulance

Secular philosophy generally refers to philosophical thought that does not rely on religious or supernatural explanations. It

Pragmatism

An American movement in philosophy founded by C. S. Peirce and William James and marked by the doctrines that the meaning of conceptions is to be sought in their practical bearings, that the function of thought is to guide action, and that truth is preeminently to be tested by the practical consequences of belief (Webster)

Pragmatism is the practical or realistic approach to solving problems or the idea that the results themselves confirm the validity of the methods used and is often found in Christian circles.

Nihilism is a philosophical position that argues that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value.

Naturalism, in philosophy, is the belief that nature is the ultimate reality and that all phenomena can be explained by natural causes and laws, rejecting supernatural or metaphysical explanations. 

Materialism in philosophy is the view that only physical matter exists and that all phenomena, including mental states and consciousness, can be explained by physical processes.

English Standard Version Chapter 1

A generation goes, and a generation comes,

but the earth remains forever.

The sun rises, and the sun goes down,

and hastens to the place where it rises.

The wind blows to the south

and goes around to the north;

around and around goes the wind,

and on its circuits the wind returns.

A generation goes, and a generation comes, but the earth remains forever.

The sun rises, and the sun goes down, and hastens to the place where it rises.

The wind blows to the south and goes around to the north; around and around goes the wind, and on its circuits the wind returns.

English Standard Version Chapter 1

All streams run to the sea,

but the sea is not full;

to the place where the streams flow,

there they flow again.

All things are full of weariness;

a man cannot utter it;

the eye is not satisfied with seeing,

nor the ear filled with hearing.

All streams run to the sea, but the sea is not full;

To the place where the streams flow, there they flow again.

All things are full of weariness; a man cannot utter it;

The eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with hearing.

English Standard Version Chapter 1

What has been is what will be,

and what has been done is what will be done,

and there is nothing new under the sun.

Is there a thing of which it is said,

“See, this is new”?

It has been already

in the ages before us.

There is no remembrance of former things,

nor will there be any remembrance

of later things yet to be

among those who come after.

What has been is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done, and there is nothing new under the sun.

Is there a thing of which it is said:

“See, this is new”?

It has been already in the ages before us.

There is no remembrance of former things, nor will there be any remembrance of later things yet to be among those who come after.