Who Do They Say We Are? pt 1
The general assignment is to preach the good news. The content of the good news is a message of hope proclaimed to people in Zion (61:3a) who are presently “afflicted, poor,” “broken-hearted,” “captives,” or “prisoners” (61:1).
The audience is made up of the “afflicted” (ʿănāwîm), a term that can refer to anyone who is oppressed by others or humble before God
The broken-hearted are despondent in spirit and discouraged, probably the people in 57:15 that God will revive. The reason why they are broken-hearted is unknown, but physical, social, or spiritual problems might cause this condition. “Captives” (from šĕbî) could refer to those taken as prisoners in a time of war or those bound for economic or spiritual reasons. “Those bound” (ʾăsûrîm, NIV “prisoners”) could hypothetically relate to the “release” (dĕrôr) of slaves in the Sabbatical year or the year of Jubilee
This metaphorical way of describing the outward transformation of a person’s clothes and behavior betrays a deep transformation of this person’s situation as well as their psychological reaction (by their “spirit” rûaḥ) to the changes God will introduce at this time (60:20, “the days of mourning will be completed”). The point is that mourning, which was so often a part of the nation’s history, will end and praise will begin
These are the people that God planted “to bring glory to himself” (60:21b) for all the marvelous things that he has done. This purpose clause indicates that one of the main goals of mankind will be to fulfill this joyful responsibility of glorifying God forever. Those who receive God’s good news, freedom, comfort, and experience this transformation will have many reasons to loudly praise and glorify God’s name.
The next paragraph (61:4–7) no longer refers to the purposes or goals of the “Anointed One”; instead, it focuses on how God will bless the city and all the people in it. These changes might be called the subsidiary consequences that arise out of the marvelous, transformative work of God and his Anointed One. These announcements confirm that the work of this “Anointed One” will be successful and bring about dramatic changes for Zion and for the people who dwell in Zion
The specific tasks assigned to this Anointed One who was sent by God are outlined in a series of infinitive construct clauses. First, this Anointed One is “to proclaim good news” (the infinitive construct lĕbaśśēr) by telling people that their past situations will change and that a new period of history is about to begin. This idea of sharing the “good news” of what God will do is found at several points in the book of Isaiah. In the eschatological setting of 40:9, God encourages “those who bring good news” (mebaśśeret) from Jerusalem to lift up their voices and proclaim that God is here and graciously reigns over his people with peace and salvation
