From Creche to Cross- one shot
While the legal background of these opening verses may be difficult to reconstruct, Paul’s general meaning is clear enough. Before a minor comes of age, he has no legal rights at all. He is a nēpios, literally an “infant,” a word Paul used elsewhere (
The radical character of this bondage, which is the common lot of all the unsaved, Paul now expressed in terms of a universal subjection to a sinister coalition of evil powers he called ta stoicheia tou kosmou
Christ alone is the one through whom believers can escape the dominion of the elements of the world and thus find true deliverance and freedom from their enslaving power
What did Paul mean by the “fullness” of time? Early Christian apologists pointed to the fact that the birth of the Messiah occurred during the Pax Romana, a period of relative peace and stability. Others have pointed to the development of a common language, favorable means of travel, the emergence of an urban civilization that made possible the rapid spread of the Christian message, and so forth. Still others have pointed to the lapse of a definite period of time (cf.
To begin with, there is a temporal introduction, “but when the time had fully come,” an expression that connects this passage to the illustration of the minor heir entering into his full inheritance at the father’s preappointed time
The coming of Jesus Christ into human history was not an accidental happening in late antiquity. Not only was the incarnation the fulfillment of myriads of Old Testament prophecies, but it also was the culmination of a plan devised within the eternal counsel of the triune God before the creation of the world
The Son of God became a human being and was put under the law in order (1) to redeem those who were under the law and (2) so that we might become God’s sons
The Holy Spirit is the sign and pledge of our adoption so that by his presence in our hearts we are truly convinced that God is for us, not against us, that indeed he is our Heavenly Father. The evidence Paul gave for this wonderful assurance is not that through the Spirit we are empowered to do miraculous works, receive ecstatic visions, speak in tongues, or any other kind of sensational phenomena. Rather, the first, most basic indication of our adoption is that we have a new form of address for God. The Spirit invites us to join in his invocation, crying “Abba, Father
Christ died for the ungodly “at just the right time” (Goodspeed has “at the decisive moment”). Paul wrote to the Galatians that God sent his Son “when the time had fully come” (
The “greater” statement is that while we were enemies of God, we were reconciled by the death of his Son. The transaction took place while we were in a state of hostility toward God
