Micah pt 5
The “siege” against the citizens of Jerusalem could refer to that of King Sennacherib’s Assyrian army in 701 B.C. But it more likely refers prophetically to that of King Nebuchadnezzar’s Neo-Babylonian army 588–586 (cf. 4:9–10). If so, the ultimate reference of Israel’s (i.e., Judah’s) “ruler” probably would be to Zedekiah, the last king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar blinded by having his soldiers quite literally “strike Israel’s ruler on the cheek with a rod
“She who is with child” must be the virgin who would conceive and bear a son called Immanuel (
First, he will begin his rule over them (“will stand” probably meaning something like “will be installed as King”; cf.
Ruler will carry out his ministry in the “majesty” (=regal authority and power) of the “name” (=the Lord himself or his manifested character) of the Lord “his God” (speaking of the special, intimate relationship between the two). The language here may echo that of the Shepherd-King’s ancestor David, who also was a shepherd-king: “I come against you in the name of the LORD Almighty, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied”
he is called “Prince of Peace.” In addition to denoting peace in the sense of the absence of war and hostility, šālôm also connotes security, prosperity, general well-being, and at times even internal, spiritual peace (
The theme of Israel’s (Judah’s) faithful remnant triumphing over their enemies is continued in this pericope. It is an oracle of salvation or deliverance. Positively, God’s people will be a blessing, bringing life and renewal to the nations. Negatively, the remnant will be a source of death and divine judgment to their oppressors, as the tables are turned and the victims become the victors (cf.
The form or genre is another oracle of deliverance—perhaps an eschatological salvation oracle (note “In that day”). God performs radical surgery to rid his people of the things that once caused them to stumble—ultimately a spiritual deliverance. In the second-advent stage of the Messianic era, God’s people will not depend on weapons of war or pagan idols. The successes of his people are always achieved by dependence on him, not on military power and religious objects of faith
