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One of the most controversial and misunderstood doctrines of the church. We’re pretty clear on our understanding of the Father & the Son but when it gets to the Holy Spirit, we kind of treat Him like the weird uncle.
One of the early church fathers, Athanasius of Alexandria, said this...
“The Spirit is homoousious with the Father and the Son because if the Spirit is not God, he cannot conform us to the Son and unite us to the Father.”
“The Spirit is homoousious with the Father and the Son because if the Spirit is not God, he cannot conform us to the Son and unite us to the Father.”
The Holy Spirit is not an “it.” He is not a weird vapor or some mysterious being. Malcom Yarnell wrote on the Holy Spirit in “A Theology for the Church.” He lists 7 biblical reasons we can affirm that the Holy Spirit is God.
He is equally included with the Father and the Son in the baptismal commission.
He is equally included with the Father and the Son in the baptismal commission.
Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”
He is equally offered prayer with the Father and Son in the benediction.
He is equally offered prayer with the Father and Son in the benediction.
The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.
The temple of God is the temple of the Holy Spirit.
The temple of God is the temple of the Holy Spirit.
Do you not know that you are God’s temple and that God’s Spirit dwells in you?
Sin against the Holy Spirit is sin against God.
Sin against the Holy Spirit is sin against God.
But Peter said, “Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back for yourself part of the proceeds of the land? While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold, was it not at your disposal? Why is it that you have contrived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to man but to God.”
Old Testament passages concerning Yahweh are applied to the Holy Spirit in the New Testament.
Old Testament passages concerning Yahweh are applied to the Holy Spirit in the New Testament.
And he called the name of the place Massah and Meribah, because of the quarreling of the people of Israel, and because they tested the Lord by saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”
where your fathers put me to the test
and saw my works for forty years.
And I heard the voice of the Lord saying, “Whom shall I send, and who will go for us?” Then I said, “Here I am! Send me.”
And disagreeing among themselves, they departed after Paul had made one statement: “The Holy Spirit was right in saying to your fathers through Isaiah the prophet:
“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the Lord. For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the Lord. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”
“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the Lord.
For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the Lord. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”
And the Holy Spirit also bears witness to us; for after saying,
“This is the covenant that I will make with them
after those days, declares the Lord:
I will put my laws on their hearts,
and write them on their minds,”
then he adds,
“I will remember their sins and their lawless deeds no more.”
The divine attributes of eternity, omnipresence, and omnipotence are applied to Him.
The divine attributes of eternity, omnipresence, and omnipotence are applied to Him.
The divine works of creation, providence, miracles, and resurrection are ascribed to the Spirit.
The divine works of creation, providence, miracles, and resurrection are ascribed to the Spirit.
So, although the Holy Spirit is equated with God in Scripture, He is a “distinct Person, both from the Father and the Son.”
THE WORK OF THE HOLY SPIRIT (IN THE OLD TESTAMENT):::
The term, “Holy Spirit,” is rarely used in the OT. Rather, the commonly used term is “Spirit of God.” There are several major areas of the HS’s working in OT times.
The Spirit is Creator
The Spirit is Creator
The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.
And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light.
By the word of the Lord the heavens were made,
and by the breath of his mouth all their host.
Breath = ruah = Spirit
“The Spirit’s creative activity concerns both creation in general and man in particular. Generally, without the divine breath, the beauty of the skies would not exist.”
By his wind the heavens were made fair;
his hand pierced the fleeing serpent.
Behold, these are but the outskirts of his ways,
and how small a whisper do we hear of him!
But the thunder of his power who can understand?”
Particularly, the breath of mankind is entirely dependent on the breath of God.
then the Lord God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature.
Then the Lord said, “My Spirit shall not abide in man forever, for he is flesh: his days shall be 120 years.”
as long as my breath is in me,
and the spirit of God is in my nostrils,
The Spirit of God has made me,
and the breath of the Almighty gives me life.
If he should set his heart to it
and gather to himself his spirit and his breath,
When you hide your face, they are dismayed;
when you take away their breath, they die
and return to their dust.
The human spirit - or soul - is dependent upon the Holy Spirit, also. The spirit of man is what enables us to relate to God…the divine Spirit must graciously restore the human spirit for relationship with a holy God. The Spirit thus both creates and re-creates.
When you send forth your Spirit, they are created,
and you renew the face of the ground.
The Spirit gives prophecy and Scripture.
The Spirit gives prophecy and Scripture.
The HS not only creates but also sustains and governs his creation. “His government reflects his sovereignty and is displayed in providence.” The biblical evidence for the Spirit’s sovereignty is strong. First, there is the imagery of the HS as the “finger of God,” which signifies the unity of power in the Trinity. Second, there is the picture of the Spirit as “wind.” Jesus said the Spirit “blows where He wishes,” signifying not only that he is invisible but also that he is beyond human control.
The prophet’s writings were the result of the Spirit’s coming upon them.
And as he spoke to me, the Spirit entered into me and set me on my feet, and I heard him speaking to me.
He put out the form of a hand and took me by a lock of my head, and the Spirit lifted me up between earth and heaven and brought me in visions of God to Jerusalem, to the entrance of the gateway of the inner court that faces north, where was the seat of the image of jealousy, which provokes to jealousy.
The Spirit equips for tasks.
The Spirit equips for tasks.
and I have filled him with the Spirit of God, with ability and intelligence, with knowledge and all craftsmanship, to devise artistic designs, to work in gold, silver, and bronze, in cutting stones for setting, and in carving wood, to work in every craft.
Administration also seems to have been a gift of the Spirit…as seen in the life of Joseph.
And Pharaoh said to his servants, “Can we find a man like this, in whom is the Spirit of God?”
The Spirit also endowed the early kings of Israel with special capabilities.
Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers. And the Spirit of the Lord rushed upon David from that day forward. And Samuel rose up and went to Ramah.
The Spirit is not only seen in these special instances. He was present in Israel’s spiritual life - leading and guiding them.
You gave your good Spirit to instruct them and did not withhold your manna from their mouth and gave them water for their thirst.
David also cried out to the HS to cleanse him from his sin!
Cast me not away from your presence,
and take not your Holy Spirit from me.
There is also a foreshadowing of a greater ministry of the HS...
“And it shall come to pass afterward,
that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh;
your sons and your daughters shall prophesy,
your old men shall dream dreams,
and your young men shall see visions.
Even on the male and female servants
in those days I will pour out my Spirit.
Joel
THE WORK OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN THE LIFE OF JESUS.
Even the very beginning of Jesus’s incarnate existence was a work of the HS.
And the angel answered her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy—the Son of God.
Jesus was dependent upon the Spirit’s anointing.
Jesus was dependent upon the Spirit’s anointing.
And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him;
And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him;
Jesus was submissive to the Spirit’s leading.
Jesus was submissive to the Spirit’s leading.
The Spirit immediately drove him out into the wilderness.
The Spirit immediately drove him out into the wilderness.
Jesus was dependent upon the Spirit’s power.
Jesus was dependent upon the Spirit’s power.
And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit to Galilee, and a report about him went out through all the surrounding country.
Even Jesus’s emotions were submitted to the Holy Spirit.
In that same hour he rejoiced in the Holy Spirit and said, “I thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to little children; yes, Father, for such was your gracious will.
THE WORK OF THE SPIRIT IN THE LIFE OF THE CHRISTIAN:
We are dependent upon the Holy Spirit for conversion.
We are dependent upon the Holy Spirit for conversion.
Conversion is the individual’s turning to God.
And when he comes, he will convict the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment:
We are dependent upon the Holy Spirit for regeneration.
We are dependent upon the Holy Spirit for regeneration.
Regeneration is the miraculous transformation of the individual and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit.
Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not marvel that I said to you, ‘You must be born again.’ The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”
Is that all there is to the work of the Spirit, though? NO!
The Spirit empowers.
The Spirit empowers.
Look, if Jesus was dependent upon the power of the HS, don’t you thin we should be, too?
“Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever believes in me will also do the works that I do; and greater works than these will he do, because I am going to the Father.
The Spirit indwells.
The Spirit indwells.
The Spirit’s work in the life of the believer is internal. Jesus had been the teacher and leader of the disciples but his influence was external. The Spirit, however, is able to affect us more intensely because, dwelling within, he can get to the very center of our thinking and emotions.
When the Spirit of truth comes, he will guide you into all the truth, for he will not speak on his own authority, but whatever he hears he will speak, and he will declare to you the things that are to come. He will glorify me, for he will take what is mine and declare it to you.
The Spirit illuminates.
The Spirit illuminates.
But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you.
The Spirit intercedes.
The Spirit intercedes.
Romans 8:26-2
Likewise the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know what to pray for as we ought, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words. And he who searches hearts knows what is the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for the saints according to the will of God.
The Spirit sanctifies.
The Spirit sanctifies.
What is sanctification? Becoming in practice what God has already declared to be true.
If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you.
But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law.
Not just the negative work of ridding us of sin but the positive work of producing Christlikeness.
How does this work? It works because of
And do not get drunk with wine, for that is debauchery, but be filled with the Spirit,
Filled with the Spirit.
“Being filled with the Spirit is not so much a matter of our getting more of the Spirit as it is a matter of his possessing more of our lives.”
“Being filled with the Spirit is not so much a matter of our getting more of the Spirit as it is a matter of his possessing more of our lives.”
The Spirit gives gifts.
The Spirit gives gifts.
He empowers the church!