Sermon for Sunday School
Introduction
Sunday Schools. Schools, mainly for children, in which instruction, now primarily religious instruction, is given on Sunday; they are usually held in conjunction with a parish or congregation. Although there are isolated earlier examples of schools for poor children on Sundays, the movement owed its success to Robert *Raikes (q.v.), who, along with the local incumbent (T. Stock), engaged four women in 1780 to instruct the children of *Gloucester in reading and the Church Catechism on Sundays. Partly owing to the publicity which Raikes gave to the enterprise in his Journal, his example was soon followed elsewhere, both in Europe and America. Most schools at first used paid teachers. In England two national societies were founded on an interdenominational basis: the Sunday School Society (1783) to give financial support to individual schools and the Sunday School Union (1803) to help to provide books and materials. Most schools, however, were locally supported and after the early 1800s interdenominational co-operation tended to be replaced by denominational rivalry. There were also disputes about clerical and ministerial control and over the teaching of writing and other ‘secular’ subjects on Sunday. Some schools, independently of the Churches, developed into important centres for working-class culture and selfimprovement, though frequently under middle-class supervision.
With the increase of general education in the 19th cent. the Sunday Schools devoted themselves more exclusively to religious education. Partly as a result of the *Oxford Movement, there grew up a desire among Anglicans to introduce more specifically C of E teaching, and in 1843 a new society, the Sunday School Institute, was formed. It was incorporated into the *National Society in 1936.
As standards of education advanced after the 1870 Act, more education was needed for the Sunday School teachers, who, from c. 1840, were mainly voluntary workers. Under the auspices of the Sunday School Union a training college for teachers was founded in 1907 at Selly Oak, Birmingham (Westhill); the Sunday School Institute opened St Christopher’s College, Blackheath, in 1909 for similar purposes. This latter has become the St Christopher’s College Education Trust, which exists to promote religious education. In 1966 the (National from 1921) Sunday School Union became the National Christian Education Council.
The Sunday Schools of the C of E are partly organized on a diocesan basis; those sponsored by the National Christian Education Council are on a national basis. The Church of England Board of Education and the National Society offer advice and material assistance.