Psalm 110-Introduction
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Introduction
Introduction
Psalm 110
We will study Psalm 110. One reason I wanted to study this Psalm is that Psalm 110 is from the Old Testament that is most quoted in the New.
As I studied this Psalm, I made a remarkable discovery. This Psalm is all about Jesus. He is the main character in this Psalm.
God the Father is mentioned. David wrote this and is lurking in the shadows of this Psalm. But the Psalm is all about Jesus.
How can this be? Jesus is born about 1000 years after this Psalm was written? How can Jesus be the main character? We will get to that later.
This morning I want to move us in three directions.
I want to read the text.
I want to give a quick overview of the text.
I want to give some general lessons from the text.
First, we will read the text.
1 The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”
2 The Lord sends forth from Zion your mighty scepter. Rule in the midst of your enemies!
3 Your people will offer themselves freely on the day of your power, in holy garments; from the womb of the morning, the dew of your youth will be yours.
4 The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, “You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.”
5 The Lord is at your right hand; he will shatter kings on the day of his wrath.
6 He will execute judgment among the nations, filling them with corpses; he will shatter chiefs over the wide earth.
7 He will drink from the brook by the way; therefore he will lift up his head.
Overview
Overview
Second, we will do an overview of the seven verses.
The word “Lord” is used five times in this passage.
Three times it is the word “Yahawah” or “Jehovah”.
1 The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”
2 The Lord sends forth from Zion your mighty scepter. Rule in the midst of your enemies!
4 The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, “You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.”
It uses a second word, “Adoni” two times.
The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”
The Lord is at your right hand; he will shatter kings on the day of his wrath.
These two Lords are different as seen in verse 1.
The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”
Not only are there two different Hebrew words used for “Lord,” there are also two different positions.
One is viewed on the throne and the second is at the right hand.
The first Lord in verse 1 is in control. The second Lord is under authority.
The right hand is like second in command.
The Bible teachers in Jesus’ time thought that the second "Lord” in verse 1 was the Messiah, who would be David’s son. In other words, David would have a son who would have a son who would have a son who would have a son that would be the Christ, the Messiah.
Present Jewish scholars believe that the Adoni is not the Messiah, but David himself. This psalm, they say, was not written by David, but by some of his subjects.
Though both Mary and Joseph could trace their genealogy back to David, Jesus was Mary’s son, but was not Joseph’s. This would cause a problem.
Jesus quotes this verse to validate who he was.
36 David himself, in the Holy Spirit, declared, “ ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet.” ’ 37 David himself calls him Lord. So how is he his son?” And the great throng heard him gladly.
If David calls him Lord back around 1000 BC, how can the Lord be David’s son? Jesus is the eternal son. He lived in heaven during David’s time and came to earth during the first century. He rose again and is now seated at the right hand of God the Father. Jesus affirms that this Psalm is all about him.
Peter quotes this verse in one of the first sermons he gave after Jesus ascended into heaven.
34 For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says, “ ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, 35 until I make your enemies your footstool.” ’ 36 Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.”
The writer of the book of Hebrews is showing how Jesus is superior even to the angels. He quotes Psalm 110:1.
13 And to which of the angels has he ever said, “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet”?
As we go to verse 2, the word “Lord” is given again. This “Lord” is Jehovah, Yahweh, God.
2 The Lord sends forth from Zion your mighty scepter. Rule in the midst of your enemies!
Who is the Lord sending out? Whose scepter is in view? Who is going to rule? Whose people will offer themselves freely?
He is describing Jesus’ scepter, his rule, his people… The previous verse only mentions two people, both called “Lord” in our Bibles. Jehovah is sending out the other “Lord” or “Adoni” from Zion.
Then we ask, who is the priest of verse 4?
4 The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, “You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.”
The speaker is Yahweh. Jesus is the priest.
Melchizedek was the king that Abraham met after returning from battle. Abraham gave him tithes, as he was also a priest. The order of Melchizedek would be a priest and king.
17 For it is witnessed of him, “You are a priest forever, after the order of Melchizedek.”
The “him” in this verse is Jesus. Jesus is the priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.
In verse 5, which Lord is at the right hand of which person? The word “Adoni” is used for Lord in this verse. Who is Adoni next to? He is next to Jehovah.
5 The Lord is at your right hand; he will shatter kings on the day of his wrath. 6 He will execute judgment among the nations, filling them with corpses; he will shatter chiefs over the wide earth. 7 He will drink from the brook by the way; therefore he will lift up his head.
As we have read the text and gone through the verses, we find that this Psalm is all about Jesus.
Lessons
Lessons
Now we want to look at the lessons this Psalm gives us.
First, Jesus is not like any other religious leader we know.
He lived before he lived. One of the biggest stumbling blocks to the people in his day was the claim that “Before Abraham was, I am,” a reference to living before Abraham.
Jesus didn’t believe in reincarnation. Rather, he taught us that God, the Father, sent him, God the Son, down to this earth to live and die for us.
Mohammad was born and then he died. Jesus had a life before he was born. Buddha was born and then he died. Jesus had a life before he was born.
His priesthood is an eternal priesthood. He was making intercession for us before 6 B.C. or the date he was physically born on this earth.
Jesus was sitting at the right hand of God before he came to earth, and now that he has left, he has returned to that same position.
David is writing about His lord. His lord was seated at the right hand of God. We know that today that Jesus is now seated at the right hand of God the Father.
In governmental terms, the right hand man is number two in the power structure. Jesus is above men and angels. He was and is seated at the right hand of God the Father.
This brings us to the second lesson.
If Jesus lived before he was born, lived, died, and rose again, he is the most intelligent person you will ever meet.
He is God. Even if you took that away, he has seen so much that he knows more about cause and effect, about what happens if you or I do something than we do.
If we put our heads together and pooled our resources, we wouldn’t come close to knowing what Jesus knows.
We would say, “I hope this will work out this way.” Jesus would say, “This way will work. The way of the Lord is right.” He would say, “I remember in 324BC that Dominique Espinoza had this same situation happen. He thought like you did and acted like you are planning to act. Let me tell you what happened to him!”
When Jesus calls us to trust him, it is because he is worthy of our trust. He knows so much, has seen so much, and loves us so much that we can really trust him.
The third lesson is: Jesus is going to win.
His enemies will be defeated. We see sin on every hand. We fight real battle every day. If you are on Jesus’ side, he will win. God has promised.
Paul said,
18 For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us.
(ESV) —18 For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us.
We live in a sinful world. Bad thing happen to everyone. Whether or not your are a Christian, you can have a spouse leave you, be in a car crash, get cancer, lose a job or be persecuted for doing what is right.
But the God of Psalm 110 is the same God who sent his son to die for us so that we may have eternal life. Jesus wins. He won over sin. He won over death. And we will win because God said we will…if we trust Jesus.
Sufferings are present. Glory is future. Hang in there. God is with you and for you.