Sorrow - Grieving

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The human reponse to painful and distressing life situations, especially those involving loss.

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Sorrow caused by the trials of life

Psalm 90:10 ESV
The years of our life are seventy, or even by reason of strength eighty; yet their span is but toil and trouble; they are soon gone, and we fly away.
See also ; ; ; ;
Psalm 13:1–2 ESV
How long, O Lord? Will you forget me forever? How long will you hide your face from me? How long must I take counsel in my soul and have sorrow in my heart all the day? How long shall my enemy be exalted over me?
Psalm 31:9 ESV
Be gracious to me, O Lord, for I am in distress; my eye is wasted from grief; my soul and my body also.
Ecclesiastes 1:18 ESV
For in much wisdom is much vexation, and he who increases knowledge increases sorrow.
Ecclesiastes 2:23 ESV
For all his days are full of sorrow, and his work is a vexation. Even in the night his heart does not rest. This also is vanity.
Jeremiah 20:18 ESV
Why did I come out from the womb to see toil and sorrow, and spend my days in shame?

Sorrow caused by fulfilling God’s will

1 Peter 1:6 ESV
In this you rejoice, though now for a little while, if necessary, you have been grieved by various trials,
See also ;
Matthew 26:38 ESV
Then he said to them, “My soul is very sorrowful, even to death; remain here, and watch with me.”
Philippians 2:27 ESV
Indeed he was ill, near to death. But God had mercy on him, and not only on him but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow.

Jesus Christ’s sorrow in response to human sin

Luke 19:41–42 ESV
And when he drew near and saw the city, he wept over it, saying, “Would that you, even you, had known on this day the things that make for peace! But now they are hidden from your eyes.

The promise of final deliverance from sorrow

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Isaiah 35:10 ESV
And the ransomed of the Lord shall return and come to Zion with singing; everlasting joy shall be upon their heads; they shall obtain gladness and joy, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
Revelation 21:4 ESV
He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall be no more, neither shall there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain anymore, for the former things have passed away.”

Sorrow caused by illness

Isaiah 38:2–3 ESV
Then Hezekiah turned his face to the wall and prayed to the Lord, and said, “Please, O Lord, remember how I have walked before you in faithfulness and with a whole heart, and have done what is good in your sight.” And Hezekiah wept bitterly.
See also
Psalm 6:1–7 ESV
O Lord, rebuke me not in your anger, nor discipline me in your wrath. Be gracious to me, O Lord, for I am languishing; heal me, O Lord, for my bones are troubled. My soul also is greatly troubled. But you, O Lord—how long? Turn, O Lord, deliver my life; save me for the sake of your steadfast love. For in death there is no remembrance of you; in Sheol who will give you praise? I am weary with my moaning; every night I flood my bed with tears; I drench my couch with my weeping. My eye wastes away because of grief; it grows weak because of all my foes.

Sorrow caused by childlessness

1 Samuel 1:16 ESV
Do not regard your servant as a worthless woman, for all along I have been speaking out of my great anxiety and vexation.”

Sorrow caused by parting

Acts 20:37 ESV
And there was much weeping on the part of all; they embraced Paul and kissed him,
See also the disciples’ reaction to Jesus Christ predicting his death; ;
Matthew 17:23 ESV
and they will kill him, and he will be raised on the third day.” And they were greatly distressed.
Luke 22:45 ESV
And when he rose from prayer, he came to the disciples and found them sleeping for sorrow,
Matthew 17:23 ESV
and they will kill him, and he will be raised on the third day.” And they were greatly distressed.
John 16:6 ESV
But because I have said these things to you, sorrow has filled your heart.

Sorrow caused by bereavement

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Genesis 23:2 ESV
And Sarah died at Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham went in to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her.
John 20:11 ESV
But Mary stood weeping outside the tomb, and as she wept she stooped to look into the tomb.
See also ; ; ; ; ; ;
Genesis 50:1 ESV
Then Joseph fell on his father’s face and wept over him and kissed him.
Deuteronomy 34:8 ESV
And the people of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab thirty days. Then the days of weeping and mourning for Moses were ended.
2 Samuel 19:2 ESV
So the victory that day was turned into mourning for all the people, for the people heard that day, “The king is grieving for his son.”
Luke 7:12–14 ESV
As he drew near to the gate of the town, behold, a man who had died was being carried out, the only son of his mother, and she was a widow, and a considerable crowd from the town was with her. And when the Lord saw her, he had compassion on her and said to her, “Do not weep.” Then he came up and touched the bier, and the bearers stood still. And he said, “Young man, I say to you, arise.”
Luke 8:52 ESV
And all were weeping and mourning for her, but he said, “Do not weep, for she is not dead but sleeping.”
John 11:33–35 ESV
When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who had come with her also weeping, he was deeply moved in his spirit and greatly troubled. And he said, “Where have you laid him?” They said to him, “Lord, come and see.” Jesus wept.
Acts 8:2 ESV
Devout men buried Stephen and made great lamentation over him.

Sorrow caused by national calamities

Psalm 137:1 ESV
By the waters of Babylon, there we sat down and wept, when we remembered Zion.
See also ; ; ; ; ;
Isaiah 15:3 ESV
in the streets they wear sackcloth; on the housetops and in the squares everyone wails and melts in tears.
Isaiah 22:4 ESV
Therefore I said: “Look away from me; let me weep bitter tears; do not labor to comfort me concerning the destruction of the daughter of my people.”
Jeremiah 22:10 ESV
Weep not for him who is dead, nor grieve for him, but weep bitterly for him who goes away, for he shall return no more to see his native land.
Jeremiah 48:17 ESV
Grieve for him, all you who are around him, and all who know his name; say, ‘How the mighty scepter is broken, the glorious staff.’
Ezekiel 21:6 ESV
“As for you, son of man, groan; with breaking heart and bitter grief, groan before their eyes.
Ezekiel 27:30 ESV
and shout aloud over you and cry out bitterly. They cast dust on their heads and wallow in ashes;

God and sorrow

God is close to those who grieve

Psalm 34:18 ESV
The Lord is near to the brokenhearted and saves the crushed in spirit.
See also ; ;
Psalm 10:14 ESV
But you do see, for you note mischief and vexation, that you may take it into your hands; to you the helpless commits himself; you have been the helper of the fatherless.
Isaiah 53:4 ESV
Surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted.
John 11:35 ESV
Jesus wept.

God comforts the sorrowing

Jeremiah 31:13 ESV
Then shall the young women rejoice in the dance, and the young men and the old shall be merry. I will turn their mourning into joy; I will comfort them, and give them gladness for sorrow.
See also ; ; ; ;
Isaiah 35:10 ESV
And the ransomed of the Lord shall return and come to Zion with singing; everlasting joy shall be upon their heads; they shall obtain gladness and joy, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
Lamentations 3:32–33 ESV
but, though he cause grief, he will have compassion according to the abundance of his steadfast love; for he does not afflict from his heart or grieve the children of men.
John 16:20 ESV
Truly, truly, I say to you, you will weep and lament, but the world will rejoice. You will be sorrowful, but your sorrow will turn into joy.
1 Thessalonians 4:13–14 ESV
But we do not want you to be uninformed, brothers, about those who are asleep, that you may not grieve as others do who have no hope. For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.
Revelation 21:4 ESV
He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall be no more, neither shall there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain anymore, for the former things have passed away.”

Sorrow in response to human sin

The result of sinning

Psalm 16:4 ESV
The sorrows of those who run after another god shall multiply; their drink offerings of blood I will not pour out or take their names on my lips.
See also
1 Samuel 2:33 ESV
The only one of you whom I shall not cut off from my altar shall be spared to weep his eyes out to grieve his heart, and all the descendants of your house shall die by the sword of men.

Grief over the failure of others

2 Corinthians 2:4–5 ESV
For I wrote to you out of much affliction and anguish of heart and with many tears, not to cause you pain but to let you know the abundant love that I have for you. Now if anyone has caused pain, he has caused it not to me, but in some measure—not to put it too severely—to all of you.
See also ; ; ; ; ;
Genesis 34:7 ESV
The sons of Jacob had come in from the field as soon as they heard of it, and the men were indignant and very angry, because he had done an outrageous thing in Israel by lying with Jacob’s daughter, for such a thing must not be done.
1 Samuel 20:34 ESV
And Jonathan rose from the table in fierce anger and ate no food the second day of the month, for he was grieved for David, because his father had disgraced him.
Ezra 10:6 ESV
Then Ezra withdrew from before the house of God and went to the chamber of Jehohanan the son of Eliashib, where he spent the night, neither eating bread nor drinking water, for he was mourning over the faithlessness of the exiles.
Ezekiel 9:4 ESV
And the Lord said to him, “Pass through the city, through Jerusalem, and put a mark on the foreheads of the men who sigh and groan over all the abominations that are committed in it.”
Romans 9:2 ESV
that I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart.
1 Corinthians 5:2 ESV
And you are arrogant! Ought you not rather to mourn? Let him who has done this be removed from among you.

Grief over one’s own shortcomings

Matthew 5:4 ESV
“Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.
See also ; ;
Matthew 26:75 ESV
And Peter remembered the saying of Jesus, “Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.” And he went out and wept bitterly.
2 Corinthians 7:9–11 ESV
As it is, I rejoice, not because you were grieved, but because you were grieved into repenting. For you felt a godly grief, so that you suffered no loss through us. For godly grief produces a repentance that leads to salvation without regret, whereas worldly grief produces death. For see what earnestness this godly grief has produced in you, but also what eagerness to clear yourselves, what indignation, what fear, what longing, what zeal, what punishment! At every point you have proved yourselves innocent in the matter.
James 4:9 ESV
Be wretched and mourn and weep. Let your laughter be turned to mourning and your joy to gloom.

Sorrow in response to God’s judgment on human sin

Lamentations 1:5 ESV
Her foes have become the head; her enemies prosper, because the Lord has afflicted her for the multitude of her transgressions; her children have gone away, captives before the foe.
See also ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Nehemiah 1:4 ESV
As soon as I heard these words I sat down and wept and mourned for days, and I continued fasting and praying before the God of heaven.
Jeremiah 8:21 ESV
For the wound of the daughter of my people is my heart wounded; I mourn, and dismay has taken hold on me.
Jeremiah 10:19 ESV
Woe is me because of my hurt! My wound is grievous. But I said, “Truly this is an affliction, and I must bear it.”
Jeremiah 13:17 ESV
But if you will not listen, my soul will weep in secret for your pride; my eyes will weep bitterly and run down with tears, because the Lord’s flock has been taken captive.
Jeremiah 14:2 ESV
“Judah mourns, and her gates languish; her people lament on the ground, and the cry of Jerusalem goes up.
Ezekiel 21:6 ESV
“As for you, son of man, groan; with breaking heart and bitter grief, groan before their eyes.
Ezekiel 21:12 ESV
Cry out and wail, son of man, for it is against my people. It is against all the princes of Israel. They are delivered over to the sword with my people. Strike therefore upon your thigh.
Amos 5:16–17 ESV
Therefore thus says the Lord, the God of hosts, the Lord: “In all the squares there shall be wailing, and in all the streets they shall say, ‘Alas! Alas!’ They shall call the farmers to mourning and to wailing those who are skilled in lamentation, and in all vineyards there shall be wailing, for I will pass through your midst,” says the Lord.
Amos 8:10 ESV
I will turn your feasts into mourning and all your songs into lamentation; I will bring sackcloth on every waist and baldness on every head; I will make it like the mourning for an only son and the end of it like a bitter day.
Micah 1:8 ESV
For this I will lament and wail; I will go stripped and naked; I will make lamentation like the jackals, and mourning like the ostriches.
Zephaniah 1:15 ESV
A day of wrath is that day, a day of distress and anguish, a day of ruin and devastation, a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and thick darkness,
Zechariah 12:10 ESV
“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.
Matthew 8:12 ESV
while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into the outer darkness. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”
Matthew 24:30 ESV
Then will appear in heaven the sign of the Son of Man, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.
Revelation 1:7 ESV
Behold, he is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see him, even those who pierced him, and all tribes of the earth will wail on account of him. Even so. Amen.
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