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Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.
The is fulfilled when Christians owe nothing to each other except love.
Owe no one anything
Owe no one anything
Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.
; 13 “You shall not oppress your neighbor or rob him. The wages of a hired worker shall not remain with you all night until the morning.
,; 27 Do not withhold good from those to whom it is due,
when it is in your power to do it. 28 Do not say to your neighbor, “Go, and come again, tomorrow I will give it”—when you have it with you.
--The act of owing is not here the failure to pay a debt, but the willful withholding of that payment. Paul is not speaking against borrowing or taking of loans, but the willful failure to repay such debt.
except to love each other
except to love each other
Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.
ἀγαπάω translated love, used in times.
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Prev. Paul talked of taxes owed (.) This is a higher duty, to love others.
Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.
John 13:34 A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another.
Matthew 22:37 And he said to him, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. 38 This is the great and first commandment. 39 And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. 40 On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets.”
1 Col 3:14 And above all these put on love, which binds everything together in perfect harmony.
The Law is clear, and shows us exactly how NOT to love our Neighbor
The Law is clear, and shows us exactly how NOT to love our Neighbor
For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”
For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”
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Matt 19:18 He said to him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said,
--Clearly Paul has heard what Jesus has spoken, and likely even read what Matthew has recorded in this lesson as he quotes directly.
--Again, Paul is knowledgeable of the scriptures and the Law in the Old Testament which Jesus himself retained, yet fulfilled for us.
--At the same time the Law does encourage the regenerate to do good works clearly presented in the commandments. Each command calls out the sinner to repent, and offers blessings to the saint. (3rd use as guide)
For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”
; 18 You shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against the sons of your own people, but you shall love your neighbor as yourself: I am the Lord.
--Here Paul quotes Moses prophesying (speaking under God's authority) in Leviticus.
Owing nothing also means not bearing a grudge or awaiting vengeance against a brother.
To love is to sacrifice
To love is to sacrifice
Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.
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15 “If you love me, you will keep my commandments.
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13 Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends.
Advent
Advent
Then knowing what Christ has done for us.
That by love He has sacrificed himself for us--then now with joy we prepare for His coming.
Both in the manger, and at the Last Day as Paul now talks of our preparation for that day.
The hour has come
The hour has come
Besides this you know the time, that the hour has come for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed.
you know the … come for you
you know the … come for you
Besides this you know the time, that the hour has come for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed.
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34 Wake up from your drunken stupor, as is right, and do not go on sinning. For some have no knowledge of God. I say this to your shame.
--Although drunkeness is a sin, here the idea is the reveling in our sinful flesh, like a drunkard in his swill, or a pig in a waller.
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13 But when anything is exposed by the light, it becomes visible, 14 for anything that becomes visible is light. Therefore it says,
“Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead, and Christ will shine on you.”
--In our sins, we are dead--asleep in darkness. The light that is Christ awakens us to our sin, and brings us into His forgiveness.
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6 So then let us not sleep, as others do, but let us keep awake and be sober.
--Paul connects both these ideas--sober and awake. Prepared for the Advent of Christ.
Besides this you know the time, that the hour has come for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed.
Christ has come, he has lived, died and been raised for us--and His return is imminent, closer each day that passes--nearer to us each year we live.
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56 Thus says the Lord:
“Keep justice, and do righteousness, for soon my salvation will come, and my righteousness be revealed.
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28 Now when these things begin to take place, straighten up and raise your heads, because your redemption is drawing near.”
Finally, the writer of Hebrews puts these ideas together and clearly says:
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27 And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment, 28 so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him.
--Paul is consistent here with what he also wrote in
The time has come to cast off sinning
The time has come to cast off sinning
The night is far gone; the day is at hand. So then let us cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light.
The night is far gone; the day is at hand. So then let us cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light.
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4 We must work the works of him who sent me while it is day; night is coming, when no one can work.
The night is far gone; the day is at hand. So then let us cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light.
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8 But now you must put them all away: anger, wrath, malice, slander, and obscene talk from your mouth. 9 Do not lie to one another, seeing that you have put off the old self with its practices
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11 Take no part in the unfruitful works of darkness, but instead expose them. 12 For it is shameful even to speak of the things that they do in secret. 13 But when anything is exposed by the light, it becomes visible, 14 for anything that becomes visible is light.
put on … armor of light.
put on … armor of light.
The night is far gone; the day is at hand. So then let us cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light.
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11 Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the schemes of the devil. 12 For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the cosmic powers over this present darkness, against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places.
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13 Therefore take up the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand firm.
--Paul reminds us that we are in a spiritual battle with darkness, and we cannot stand against the enemy alone. It is by the spiritual gifts given in Word and Sacrament that the battle is to be fought. As we await the coming of Christ (Advent) we are to use word and prayer--the whole armor to protect and guard ourselves.
Walk in the light
Walk in the light
Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy.
13 Let us walk … in the daytime,
13 Let us walk … in the daytime,
Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy.
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12 so that you may walk properly before outsiders and be dependent on no one.
As love harms no one, so when we walk properly--that is in Christ, we do not cause harm to fall on weaker brothers. This is a call to always do right, and not to give the appearance that sin is in anyway acceptable.
Closed Communion, life style choices, etc. Our public life is an example for those around us.
Put on Christ
Put on Christ
But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.
put on the Lord Jesus Christ
put on the Lord Jesus Christ
But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.
How do you "put on Christ?"
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27 For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.
--It is in the waters of Holy Baptism that we are brought into the expectation and anticipation of Christ, even as we wear gowns of His righteousness to cover our own weakness.
It is in Word and Sacrament that we remain inside Christ.
14 I put on righteousness, and it clothed me; my justice was like a robe and a turban.
9 Let your priests be clothed with righteousness,
and let your saints shout for joy.
49 And behold, I am sending the promise of my Father upon you. But stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.”
24 and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.
10 and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator. 11 Here there is not Greek and Jew, circumcised and uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, free; but Christ is all, and in all.
Summary from TLSB Notes
Summary from TLSB Notes
The requirements and essence of God’s Law have not changed from the OT. The Law shows us how to love others as we have been loved by God in Christ. “All have sinned and fall short” of God’s requirement to love Him and others (). The Gospel calls us to rely on God’s mercy in Christ, which then motivates us to love as we have been loved. The context of Rm assures us that God declares us righteous, not because of our ability to love, but solely because of Christ, who “is the end of the law” ().
Father, You have loved me in Christ and declared me to be Your righteous child. Empower me to love and serve others through Christ. Amen.