Sermon Tone Analysis
Overall tone of the sermon
This automated analysis scores the text on the likely presence of emotional, language, and social tones. There are no right or wrong scores; this is just an indication of tones readers or listeners may pick up from the text.
A score of 0.5 or higher indicates the tone is likely present.
Emotion Tone
Anger
0.09UNLIKELY
Disgust
0.08UNLIKELY
Fear
0.04UNLIKELY
Joy
0.75LIKELY
Sadness
0.13UNLIKELY
Language Tone
Analytical
0.47UNLIKELY
Confident
0.16UNLIKELY
Tentative
0UNLIKELY
Social Tone
Openness
0.88LIKELY
Conscientiousness
0.8LIKELY
Extraversion
0.73LIKELY
Agreeableness
0.54LIKELY
Emotional Range
0.74LIKELY
Tone of specific sentences
Tones
Emotion
Language
Social Tendencies
Anger
< .5
.5 - .6
.6 - .7
.7 - .8
.8 - .9
> .9
Review of Pepin’s Reign
Launched campaign to restore the prestige and authority of the Merovingian monarchy
Expanded monarchical authority through evangelizing Pagan tribes in the Netherlands, Germany
Expanded monarchical authority through evangelizing Pagan tribes in the Netherlands, Germany
Christian tribes are less troublesome than Pagan
Germans were controlled by the Church through the right bishops
Charles Martel 690 - 741 AD
Sent missionaries to Germany
Willebrord of Utrecht (658 - 740 AD), missionary to Netherlands for 50 years
Saw many conversions among German Frisian tribes
Winfrid (680 - 754 AD)
Winfrid (680 - 754 AD)
Later known as Boniface
Became Archbishop Missionary
Martyred by Frissians 754 AD
Defeated the Muslim invaders into Europe in 741 AD
Succeeded by two sons, Carloman and Pepin
Carloman became a monk, Pepin sole ruler
The Reign of Pepin
Boniface crowned Pepin as Emperor, apparently the do that.
Acting on behalf of Pope Zacharias
Aistulf, Lombardian King
Removed Byzantine Governer and army from Northern Italy
Began to threaten Rome
pope Stephen II Appeals to Pepin of the Frankish Empire
Crowns Pepin Emperor again 754 AD
Pepin invades Italy and forces Aistulf to not attack Rome
Aistulf breaks agreement in 756 AD, attacks Rome
Pepin Invades Italy again, crushes Aistulf.
Gives cities to pope Stephen which created “Papal-states”
During his reign:
Broke link between Byzantine Empire and Papacy
Creates a rift between Eastern and Western churches because of this
Creates a military, religious, and political bond between the Papacy and the Franks
Papacy granted huge autonomous state in central and northern Italy
Papacy shifts from Pastoral, Theological office to almost purely political
The Donation of Constantine
Claimed to be a letter written from Constantine to pope Sylvester I
Reported that Sylvester healed Constantine from Leprosy
Constantine wrote to thank Sylvester
Acknowledged that the pope was greater than the emperor, granting papacy right to rule Roman Empire
Document was clearly a forgery (see Lorenzo Valla of 1440, exposing the letter)
Charles the Great
Pepin had two sons, Carloman and Charles
Carloman dies in 771 AD
Charles takes the thrown, sole ruler of France
Reigns for 43 years
Called the Moses of the Middle Ages
Reforms German tribes into a more civil people
Attempts to recreate the Roman Empire with a Christian focus
Just, affectionate father, loyal to friends, popular leader
Charles the Great in Latin: Charles Magnus, Charlemagne
Military Campaigns
Lombards are at it again
Pope Adrian I asks for help from Charlemagne
Charlemagne invades Italy, conquers Lombards
Removes Desiderius from rule, claims himself as king of the Lombards, adds Northern Italy to his empire
Fought Muslims in Spain, added area around Barcelona to his control
Fights against the Saxons
18 difficult campaigns spanning 30 years
Finally crushes the Saxons
Compelled many Saxons to accept Christian baptism or be put to death
Alcuin of York objected to “forced conversions”.
Charlemagne’s chief religious advisor
Persuaded Charlemagne to eliminate death penalty for refusal / Paganism in general
Expanding kingdom looked like the recreation of the Roman Empire boundaries
Called the Emperor of the Romans by 800 AD
Possibly motivated by Pope Leo III
Crowned him emperor on Christmas day 800 AD
Pronounced Charles Augustus
Signified Charles as successor to the old Roman emperors
Birthed the Holy Roman Empire
Ticked off the Byzantine Empire, regarded as the true successors to the old Roman empire
Caused greater division between the East and the West
Leo’s act also signified that the emperor owed his title of Roman Emperor to the Pope
Determined to make emperor dependent upon the pope for his power, declaring his rule to be crowned by God’s agent the pope
Big Names Under Charlemagne
Sparked the Carolingian Renaissance
Gathered the most distinguished scholars into his court
Paul the Deacon (720 - 800 AD)
Wrote sermons for festivals and saints day, used for the next 1000 years
Wrote Roman History, History of the Lombards (was himself a Lombard)
Authoritative history sources
Paulinus of Aquileia (730 - 802 AD)
Another Lombard, bishop of Aquileia (NE Italy)
Wrote hymns, poems, letters, and theological writings against Adoptionist heresy
Revival of Nestorianism
Held to the view that Jesus was the Son of God only through adoption
Attempted to uphold Chalcedon by affirming one person
But continually taught that Jesus as to His divine nature was truly God and as to His human nature was an adopted son
Which effectively splits Jesus back into the two person theology of Nestorianism
Also views Jesus as living as ordinary man before His baptism, teaching at that point He was endowed with the “divine Jesus” or supernatural powers.
Elipandus of Toledo and Felix of Urgel biggest advocates (Spanish Bishops)
Elipandus lived in a Muslim kingdom, Felix in norther-eastern Spain
Alcuin of York was employed by Charlemagne to combat this heresy as well
Theodulph of Orleans (750 - 821 AD)
Gothic Spaniard, Bishop of Orleans in North-Central France
Also wrote against Adoptionism
Defends the filioque, denoted that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son
Wrote the popular hymn, “All glory, laud and honor to Thee, Redeemer, King”
< .5
.5 - .6
.6 - .7
.7 - .8
.8 - .9
> .9