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Important Feasts
There are three important feasts in Jewish calendar
Passover, Pentecost and Tabernacles
Passover occured during the feast of unleavened bread
Week long celebration during month of Nisan
During the feast came the passover meal
At the time of this era, under Roman rule, there was strong political overtones and Rome was always concerned about an uprising at the time for it would be an opportune time for the Messiah to show up.
Hence why King Herod, Pontius Pilate were in Jerusalem instead of Tiberius and Caesarea respectively.
They wanted to ensure peace.
The Passover is found in all four of the gospels, but each has a different emphasis on it.
Luke emphasis the time of the passover.
It was estimated that 1.2m people where in Jerusalem for the feast that celebrated the deliverance from bondage to Egypt.
We need to remember that Jesus had set His face to Jerusalem (Lk9:51)
Jesus was following the predetermined plan of the Father and would arrive in Jerusalem at passover so to be the passover lamb.
In looking at this passage there 3 breaks.
The Set up (vv.1-2)
The sell out (vv.3-6)
The preparation (vv.7-13)
Open Story book to pg. 131; reading top two sections; open Bible to Lk22:1-13.
What do you see, what do you notice, what sticks out to you?
I.
The Set up
I.
The Set up
OK, first question who was looking to do what to who (v.2)?
OK, first question who was looking to do what to who (v.2)?
They had made their appearance previously (Lk19:47; 20:19) and will be seen more throughout what is known as the “Passion Narrative”
and then there is other passage
They wanted to destroy Him (19:47) and they wanted to lay hands on Him (20:19) but they had feared the people.
One of the steps of preparation for the passover was to remove all leaven from your home for leaven represented sin.
You would wash, sweep make sure everything was clean before passover.
Jesus had warned His disciples to watch out for the leaven of the Pharisee’s (Lk12:1) that leaven was hypocrisy and now we will see it come into play.
They would cleanse homes, clean cups but not hearts (see Mt23:25-28)
Mt
What is the symbolism you see in this passage?
(Transition) - now brings us to the sell out
II.
The Sellout
Now we have Satan and Judas coming into the picture there are things we can learn and know from the passage.
What happens in (v.3)?
What is the desire in (v.4)?
What was the agreement (v.5)?
What was intended outcome (v.6)?
Let me start with a few things about Judas here.
He was numbered with the 12, but not a true believer (Jn13:2, 27)
He had never been cleansed of his sins (Jn13:10-11)
He had never been cleansed of his sins (Jn13:10-11)
He never received eternal life (Jn6:64-71)
He never received eternal life (Jn6:64-71)
Jn6:
Nothing in the scripture that points to any of the other apostles knowing who the traitor was.
Traitor among them, that is what Judas was, but he was not isolated either.
Other traitors noted (Jude4)
It shows how close someone can be to the kingdom, but not in the kingdom (Mt7:21-29)
Mt7:27-28
So, close to the kingdom, but not in the kingdom then came to turn against the kingdom, but why, why did Judas do it?
Money played a part, and we know he was a thief (Jn12:4-6)
(this is not not o
1COr5:8
Here is that leaven again, we need to be careful
One more thought before moving on, Satan had left Jesus until a more opportune time (LK4:13)
Now was the time, his demons had been at work, we know that, but now Satan enters Judas, and plays his part in God’s grand plan to save sinful man.
Money and Satan both played a part in the betrayal by Judas, but God orchestrated the events.
Look at how it ended for him (Act1:18)
III.
The Preparation
Lk22:11-12
Lk22:13
God had a grand plan, God did not tell the plan to everyone, but wanted Peter and John to trust Him at His word and to obey Him.
God had a grand plan, God did not tell the plan to everyone, but wanted James and John to trust Him at His word and to obey Him.
What did Jesus tell them to do (v.8)?
By their reply in (v.9) we know they trusted Him and were just asking directions on where to go.
Notice the out of the ordinary (v.10)
In verses 11-12 we see the proof of Jesus previously, without their knowledge, arranging.
The end result (v.13)
What was the end result (v.13)?
I want to go on and dig a little deeper into this, but with this thought first.
(v.13) we see everything was just as Jesus said it.
It was that way then, it is that way now.
If Jesus said it, that settles it, it is!
IV.
Digging Deeper
First the preparation day - 14th day of Nisan
This is the day the lamb was taken to the temple to be sacrificed then taken back to be roasted and eaten the next day.
The Jewish days ran from sunset to sunset so the feast of unleavened bread, and the passover would really be on 15th day of Nisan.
The passover meal had to be eaten within the city walls of Jerusalem, hence why Jesus arranged for the passover meal to be with His disciples just inside the city walls.
Jewish vs. Roman viewpoints, calendar (Jn18:28, 19:14; Gen1:5, 8:22)
As I just mentioned the Jewish way of looking at days was from evening to evening.
(Gen1:5)
There seems to be some controversy with some thinking there is a contradiction in (Jn18:28)
Jewish leaders had not had the passover when Jesus was tried and condemned, but Jesus had the passover with His disciples, so how do we reconcile this?
I mentioned the Jewish mindset as seen in Gen1:3, but there was another one too (see Gen8:22)
One way that was adopted by the majority of the Jewish people, the other from Day to Night was a Roman view that was from Day to night
So it seems Matthew, Mark and Luke used the Jewish reckoning (from night to day) and John adopted the Romana view (from day to night).
there would be overlapping of times that permitted both to celebrate on the same date, but a different day (this is from Harmony of Gospels by Harper and Row).
Temple priests would accept sacrifices on the earlier or the later time.
Seems the Jewish leaders mentioned in Jn18:28 followed the Roman mindset where Jesus and His disciples followed the Jewish form.
Our Lord was the sacrifice that was offered on passover at the time when the evening offering would be slain!
I found this all very interesting and thought you might enjoy us unpacking this some.
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