Dress and Adornment in the Context of Man, Woman, & Marriage
Dress—you must do it every day! – SJB
Genesis 3:6-7, 21
6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. 7 And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons….21 Unto Adam also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, and clothed them. [1]
tunic, principal ordinary garment of man and woman, worn next to the person, rA[ tnOt.K' tunics of skin; of man; (Gen 37:3 [long robe with sleeves – NRSV, tunic – JPS]; 2 Sam 15:32 [coat – NRSV, robe – JPS]; Isa 22:21 [robe – NRSV, tunic – JPS])
Men are men and women are women—Men cannot be or look like a woman and women cannot be or look like a man! – SJB
Deuteronomy 22:5
5 The woman shall not wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman’s garment: for all that do so are abomination unto the LORD thy God. [2]
1 Corinthians 11:2-16
2 Now I praise you, brethren, that ye remember me in all things, and keep the ordinances, as I delivered them to you. 3 But I would have you know, that the head of every man is Christ; and the head of the woman is the man; and the head of Christ is God. 4 Every man praying or prophesying, having his head covered, dishonoureth his head. 5 But every woman that prayeth or prophesieth with her head uncovered dishonoureth her head: for that is even all one as if she were shaven. 6 For if the woman be not covered, let her also be shorn: but if it be a shame for a woman to be shorn or shaven, let her be covered. 7 For a man indeed ought not to cover his head, forasmuch as he is the image and glory of God: but the woman is the glory of the man. 8 For the man is not of the woman; but the woman of the man. 9 Neither was the man created for the woman; but the woman for the man. 10 For this cause ought the woman to have power on her head because of the angels. 11 Nevertheless neither is the man without the woman, neither the woman without the man, in the Lord. 12 For as the woman is of the man, even so is the man also by the woman; but all things of God. 13 Judge in yourselves: is it comely that a woman pray unto God uncovered? 14 Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him? 15 But if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a covering. 16 But if any man seem to be contentious, we have no such custom, neither the churches of God. [3]
1 Corinthians 14:26-40
26 What should be done then, my friends? When you come together, each one has a hymn, a lesson, a revelation, a tongue, or an interpretation. Let all things be done for building up. 27 If anyone speaks in a tongue, let there be only two or at most three, and each in turn; and let one interpret. 28 But if there is no one to interpret, let them be silent in church and speak to themselves and to God. 29 Let two or three prophets speak, and let the others weigh what is said. 30 If a revelation is made to someone else sitting nearby, let the first person be silent. 31 For you can all prophesy one by one, so that all may learn and all be encouraged. 32 And the spirits of prophets are subject to the prophets, 33 for God is a God not of disorder but of peace.
(As in all the churches of the saints, 34 women should be silent in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be subordinate, as the law also says. 35 If there is anything they desire to know, let them ask their husbands at home. For it is shameful for a woman to speak in church. 36 Or did the word of God originate with you? Or are you the only ones it has reached?)
37 Anyone who claims to be a prophet, or to have spiritual powers, must acknowledge that what I am writing to you is a command of the Lord. 38 Anyone who does not recognize this is not to be recognized. 39 So, my friends, be eager to prophesy, and do not forbid speaking in tongues; 40 but all things should be done decently and in order. [4]
woman, wife
2. to utter words, talk, speak, of persons
ouv ga.r evpitre,petai lalei,n (women) are not permitted to express themselves 1 Cor 14:34f (cp. Plut., Mor. 142d: a woman ought to take care of her home and be quiet; for she should either converse with her husband or through him). This passive refers to expression in a congregational assembly, which would engage not only in worship but in discussion of congregational affairs; the latter appears to be implied here, for it was contrary to custom for Hellenic women, in contrast to their privileges in certain cultic rites (cp. 1 Cor 11:5), to participate in public deliberations (s. Danker, Benefactor 164, w. ref. to IG II, 1369, 107-9; for other views s. comm.).
1. to cause to be in a submissive relationship, to subject, to subordinate
b. passive
b. subject oneself, be subjected or subordinated, obey abs. (Jos., Bell. 4, 175) Ro 13:5; 1 Cor 14:34 (cp. douleu,ete avllh,loij Gal 5:13); 1 Cl 2:1a; 57:2. Of submission involving recognition of an ordered structure, w. dat. of the entity to whom/which appropriate respect is shown (Palaeph. 38 p. 56, 15; 57, 2): toward a husband (s. Ps.-Callisth. 1, 22, 4 pre,pon evsti. th.n gunai/ka tw/| avndri. u`pota,ssesqai, s. 1a above; cp. SEG 26, 1717, 26 [III/IV AD] in a love charm) Eph 5:22 v.l.; Col 3:18; Tit 2:5; 1 Pt 3:1 (on an alleged impv. sense s. Schwyzer II 407), 5;
(Same word and meaning as in Titus 2:5 “to be self-controlled, chaste, good managers of the household, kind, being submissive to their husbands, so that the word of God may not be discredited.”; I Peter 3:1, 5 “Wives, in the same way, accept the authority of your husbands, so that, even if some of them do not obey the word, they may be won over without a word by their wives’ conduct….It was in this way long ago that the holy women who hoped in God used to adorn themselves by accepting the authority of their husbands.”; Ephesians 5:21 “Be subject to one another out of reverence for Christ.”; and Colossians 3:18 “Wives, be subject to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord.”)
Same word as in I Corinthians 11:6 “For if the woman be not covered, let her also be shorn: but if it be a shame for a woman to be shorn or shaven, let her be covered.”
1 Timothy 2:1-15
1 First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for everyone, 2 for kings and all who are in high positions, so that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and dignity. 3 This is right and is acceptable in the sight of God our Savior, 4 who desires everyone to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. 5 For there is one God;
there is also one mediator between God and humankind,
Christ Jesus, himself human,
6 who gave himself a ransom for all
—this was attested at the right time. 7 For this I was appointed a herald and an apostle (I am telling the truth, I am not lying), a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.
8 I desire, then, that in every place the men should pray, lifting up holy hands without anger or argument; 9 also that the women should dress themselves modestly and decently in suitable clothing, not with their hair braided, or with gold, pearls, or expensive clothes, [1 Timothy 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold*, or pearls, or costly** array; [5]] 10 but with good works, as is proper for women who profess reverence for God. 11 Let a woman learn in silence with full submission. 12 I permit no woman to teach or to have authority*** over a man;she is to keep silent. 13 For Adam was formed first, then Eve; 14 and Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor. [Romans 5:14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam’s transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come. [6]] 15 Yet she will be saved through childbearing, provided they continue in faith and love and holiness, with modesty. [7]
well behaved, respectable; befitting, modest
propriety, modesty
good sense, sound judgment, modesty, decency (1 Tm 2.9, 15)
elaborate hairstyle
* 2.object made of gold or adorned with gold
a.gold ornaments, jewelry 1 Ti 2:9; 1 Pt 3:3 (pl., as Demosth. 27, 10; 13; Plut., Tim. 243 [15, 10], Artox. 1013 [5, 4]; Alciphron 4, 9, 4; GDI 4689, 22 [Messenia]; PMich 214, 32 [296 AD]). kecruswme,nh $evn% crusi,w| adorned with golden jewelry Rv 17:4; 18:16.
(same word and meaning as in I Peter 3:3 “Do not adorn yourselves outwardly by braiding your hair, and by wearing gold ornaments or fine clothing;)
** expensive, costly; of great value, very precious
*** domineer, have authority over
Titus 2:1-6
1 But as for you, teach what is consistent with sound doctrine. 2 Tell the older men to be temperate, serious, prudent, and sound in faith, in love, and in endurance.
3 Likewise, tell the older women to be reverent in behavior, not to be slanderers or slaves to drink; they are to teach what is good, 4 so that they may encourage the young women to love their husbands, to love their children, 5 to be self-controlled, chaste, good managers of the household, kind, being submissive to their husbands, so that the word of God may not be discredited.
6 Likewise, urge the younger men to be self-controlled. 7 Show yourself in all respects a model of good works, and in your teaching show integrity, gravity, 8 and sound speech that cannot be censured; then any opponent will be put to shame, having nothing evil to say of us. [8]
Same word and meaning as in I Corinthians 14:34 “women should be silent in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be subordinate, as the law also says.”; I Peter 3:1, 5 “Wives, in the same way, accept the authority of your husbands, so that, even if some of them do not obey the word, they may be won over without a word by their wives’ conduct….It was in this way long ago that the holy women who hoped in God used to adorn themselves by accepting the authority of their husbands.”; Ephesians 5:21 “Be subject to one another out of reverence for Christ.”; and Colossians 3:18 “Wives, be subject to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord.”
1 Peter 3:1-7
1 Wives, in the same way, accept the authority of your husbands, so that, even if some of them do not obey the word, they may be won over without a word by their wives’ conduct, 2 when they see the purity and reverence of your lives. 3 Do not adorn yourselves outwardly by braiding your hair, and by wearing gold ornaments or fine clothing; 4 rather, let your adornment be the inner self with the lasting beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is very precious in God’s sight. 5 It was in this way long ago that the holy women who hoped in God used to adorn themselves by accepting the authority of their husbands. 6 Thus Sarah obeyed Abraham and called him lord. You have become her daughters as long as you do what is good and never let fears alarm you.
7 Husbands, in the same way, show consideration for your wives in your life together, paying honor to the woman as the weaker sex, since they too are also heirs of the gracious gift of life—so that nothing may hinder your prayers. [9]
elaborate braiding (of hair)
wearing (of jewelry)
2.object made of gold or adorned with gold
a.gold ornaments, jewelry 1 Ti 2:9; 1 Pt 3:3 (pl., as Demosth. 27, 10; 13; Plut., Tim. 243 [15, 10], Artox. 1013 [5, 4]; Alciphron 4, 9, 4; GDI 4689, 22 [Messenia]; PMich 214, 32 [296 AD]). kecruswme,nh $evn% crusi,w| adorned with golden jewelry Rv 17:4; 18:16.
(same word and meaning as in I Timothy 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array;)
Same word and meaning as in I Corinthians 14:34 “women should be silent in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be subordinate, as the law also says.”; Titus 2:5 “to be self-controlled, chaste, good managers of the household, kind, being submissive to their husbands, so that the word of God may not be discredited.”; Ephesians 5:21 “Be subject to one another out of reverence for Christ.”; and Colossians 3:18 “Wives, be subject to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord.”
Ephesians 5:21-33
21 Be subject to one another out of reverence for Christ.
22 Wives, be subject to your husbands as you are to the Lord. 23 For the husband is the head of the wife just as Christ is the head of the church, the body of which he is the Savior. 24 Just as the church is subject to Christ, so also wives ought to be, in everything, to their husbands.
25 Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her, 26 in order to make her holy by cleansing her with the washing of water by the word, 27 so as to present the church to himself in splendor, without a spot or wrinkle or anything of the kind—yes, so that she may be holy and without blemish. 28 In the same way, husbands should love their wives as they do their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. 29 For no one ever hates his own body, but he nourishes and tenderly cares for it, just as Christ does for the church, 30 because we are members of his body. 31 “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two will become one flesh.” 32 This is a great mystery, and I am applying it to Christ and the church. 33 Each of you, however, should love his wife as himself, and a wife should respect her husband. [10]
Same word and meaning as in I Corinthians 14:34 “women should be silent in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be subordinate, as the law also says.”; Titus 2:5 “to be self-controlled, chaste, good managers of the household, kind, being submissive to their husbands, so that the word of God may not be discredited.”; I Peter 3:1, 5 “Wives, in the same way, accept the authority of your husbands, so that, even if some of them do not obey the word, they may be won over without a word by their wives’ conduct….It was in this way long ago that the holy women who hoped in God used to adorn themselves by accepting the authority of their husbands.”; Ephesians 5:21 “Be subject to one another out of reverence for Christ.”; and Colossians 3:18 “Wives, be subject to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord.”
Colossians 3:18-19
18 Wives, be subject to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord. 19 Husbands, love your wives and never treat them harshly. [11]
Same word and meaning as in I Corinthians 14:34 “women should be silent in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be subordinate, as the law also says.”; Titus 2:5 “to be self-controlled, chaste, good managers of the household, kind, being submissive to their husbands, so that the word of God may not be discredited.”; I Peter 3:5 “It was in this way long ago that the holy women who hoped in God used to adorn themselves by accepting the authority of their husbands.”; and Ephesians 5:21 “Be subject to one another out of reverence for Christ.”
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[1] The King James Version, (Cambridge: Cambridge) 1769.
[2] The King James Version, (Cambridge: Cambridge) 1769.
[3] The King James Version, (Cambridge: Cambridge) 1769.
[4] The New Revised Standard Version, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers) 1989.
[5] The King James Version, (Cambridge: Cambridge) 1769.
[6] The King James Version, (Cambridge: Cambridge) 1769.
[7] The New Revised Standard Version, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers) 1989.
[8] The New Revised Standard Version, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers) 1989.
[9] The New Revised Standard Version, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers) 1989.
[10] The New Revised Standard Version, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers) 1989.
[11] The New Revised Standard Version, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers) 1989.