Sermon Tone Analysis

Introduction

Goals

Goals

To enrich this congregation’s corporate prayer with biblical form and content, and by so doing…

… to raise your personal commitment to and reliance upon this congregation’s corporate prayers.

Lessons

2019-01-09: The Old Testament Roots of Corporate Prayer

2019-01-06: What does corporate confession look like?

2019-01-23: What does corporate petition look like?

2019-01-30: What does corporate praise look like?

…

Christian Use of Old Testament Prayers

Controlling Principles

The Canonical Principle ()

Canonical Principle ()

All useful…

Useful for…

Discipleship

Ministry

Christological Principle (, )

The Christological Principle (, )

Examples

Christian Use and Adaptation of Standardized Jewish Prayers

The Shema (, “hear, listen, heed”)

Jewish use (Mishnah Barakhot 1:1-3:6)

To be recites three times/day

Regulations about timing (cf.

NT mention of third hour, sixth hour, ninth hour)

Covered contingencies …

If you’re away from the congregation

If you’re on a scaffold at a construction site

If you’re ritually defiled, etc.

Christian adaptation coupled with the second great command (; ; )

Christian Adaptation with Second Great Command (; ; )

The Amidah (Aramaic, “standing” prayer)

What this is

A collection of eighteen prayers, petitions, and blessings

Also called The Tefilla, “Shemoneh Esrei” (שמונה עשרה‎, “eighteen”), The Eighteen Benedictions

Also called “Shemoneh Esrei” (שמונה עשרה‎, “eighteen”)

Collection of eighteen prayers, petitions, and blessings (also called “Shemoneh Esrei” (שמונה עשרה‎, “eighteen”) offered three times a day in personal prayer and during every prayer service of the year (Mishnah tractate Berakhot 4:1).

Offered three times a day in personal prayer and during every prayer service of the year (Mishnah tractate Berakhot 4:1).

Each benediction ends with some form of the Berakhot…—“Blessed art Thou, O Lord.”

The core basically fixed by early first century AD (Hardin, “Prayer”; citing Dugmore, Influence of the Synagogue, 22–25, 114–27; Instone-Brewer, “Eighteen Benedictions,” 25–27); would have reflected current patterns of prayer and worship where…

Would have reflected current pattern of prayer in the synagogues

Jesus taught and prayed

Th

Where the apostles and earliest Christians would prayed and witnessed

Jewish use of the Amidah (Mishnah Barakhot 4:1—5:1)

Prescribes ritual recitation in a wide range of regular activities

Warns against empty ritual (Mishnah Berakhot).

This is on the handout, let audience read it themselves

4:4 A R. Eliezer says, “One who makes his prayers a fixed task — his prayers are not [valid] supplications [of God].”

5:1 A One may stand to pray only in a solemn frame of mind.

B The early pious ones used to tarry one hour [before they would] pray,

C so that they could direct their hearts to the Omnipresent.

D [While one is praying] even if the king greets him, he may not respond.

E And even if a serpent is entwined around his heel, he may not interrupt [his prayer].

Christian use and adaptation of the Amidah

Parallels between the Lord’s Prayer and the Amidah (; ).

Jews and Christians recognize similarities between the Amidah and the Lord’s Prayer, despite the Amidah’s considerably longer length (; ).

(Baumgardt, “Kaddish in the Lord’s Prayer,” 164–69; Keener, Matthew, 140–46).

Jews and Christians recognize similarities between the Amidah and the Lord’s Prayer, despite the Amidah’s considerably longer length (; ).

(Baumgardt, “Kaddish in the Lord’s Prayer,” 164–69; Keener, Matthew, 140–46).

On handout; so no comment

Sanctification of the name of God (Benediction 3; “hallowed be your Name,” )

A desire for the glory of God to be manifest “on earth as in heaven” (Benediction 3; )

Petition for forgiveness of sin (Benediction 6; “forgive us our debts,” )

Requests for adequate material provision (Benediction 9; “give us today our daily bread,” )

Hope that God will cause the ruin of evil (Benediction 12; “deliver us from the evil one,” )

Jesus’s prayer is in some ways an abbreviation of the Amidah (Hardin, “Prayer”).

Liturgical Use of the Lord’s Prayer (; ; see Didache 8.3; Apostolic Constitutions 7.2.24).

As Jews recited the Shema and the Amidah at fixed hours during the day, so Christians in the second century prayed the Lord’s Prayer morning, mid-day, and evening.

As Jews recited the Shema and the Amidah at fixed hours during the day, so Christians in the second century prayed the Lord’s Prayer morning, mid-day, and evening.

Don’t pray “as the hypocrites”: rather, “Pray thus three times a day” (Didache 8.3).

Reflecting Jewish practice: “three times a times a day”

Distinguishing Christian practice from that of Jewish “hypocrites”

“Pray thus thrice in a day, preparing yourselves beforehand, that ye may be worthy of the adoption of the Father” (Apostolic Constitutions 7.2.24)

The prescribed prayers of the Apostolic Constitutions retain characteristics and themes inherited from Judaism that were Christianized for the church (Fiensy, Prayers Alleged to Be Jewish, 1–10, 129–154; van der Horst, Early Jewish Prayers, 1–97).

Other Daily Prayers

Believers recited set prayers at meal times during the services of the church (see Justin Martyr, First Apology 65, 67).

A Morning Prayer

A Morning Prayer

A Morning Prayer

xlvii.

“Glory be to God in the highest, and upon earth peace, good-will among men.”

We praise Thee, we sing hymns to Thee, we bless Thee, we glorify Thee, we worship Thee by Thy great High Priest; Thee who art the true God, who art the One Unbegotten, the only inaccessible Being.

For Thy great glory, O Lord and heavenly King, O God the Father Almighty, O Lord God, the Father of Christ the immaculate Lamb, who taketh away the sin of the world, receive our prayer, Thou that sittest upon the cherubim.

For Thou only art holy, Thou only art the Lord Jesus, the Christ of the God of all created nature, and our King, by whom glory, honour, and worship be to Thee.

An Evening Prayer

xlviii.

“Ye children, praise the Lord: praise the name of the Lord.”

We praise Thee, we sing hymns to Thee, we bless Thee for Thy great glory, O Lord our King, the Father of Christ the immaculate Lamb, who taketh away the sin of the world.

Praise becomes Thee, hymns become Thee, glory becomes Thee, the God and Father, through the Son, in the most holy Spirit, for ever and ever.

Amen.

“Now, O Lord, lettest Thou Thy servant depart in peace, according to Thy word; for mine eyes have seen Thy salvation, which Thou hast prepared before the face of all people, a light for the revelation to the Gentiles, and the glory of Thy people Israel.”

A Prayer At Dinner

xlix.

Thou art blessed, O Lord, who nourishest me from my youth, who givest food to all flesh.

Fill our hearts with joy and gladness, that having always what is sufficient for us, we may abound to every good work, in Christ Jesus our Lord, through whom glory, honour, and power be to Thee for ever.

Amen.

ANF vol.