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INTRO
INTRO
angaria is the practice of an official (maybe a lord) taking an animal as an escort into a city for processional purposes.
‘The Lord has need of it,’ could either suggest that Jesus prearranged this encounter or it could mean that the man relinquished the donkey upon the word of the men that their lord needed it and if a lord, then the animal would be returned.
Jesus plays the role of prophet.
INTRO
INTRO
The minor prophesy (donkey) and fulfillment underlies the unimaginable fulfilment that is about to be proclaimed in 9-10.
This passage has to do with prophesy — Mark employs a literary device: small and understandable to big and amazing
The small prophesy (donkey) and fulfillment
The major prophesy has to do with amazing claims from the OT.
Mark constructed this narrative in such a way that when the people stack these profound OT claims on Jesus, you’re supposed to be totally amazed. Is this really happening? Is this really Jesus? Is Jesus Hosanna, blessed in the name of Yahweh, the one who sits on David’s throne in the highest heaven?
That’s what the people claim:
Those who went ahead and those who followed shouted: Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David! Hosanna in the highest heaven!
Mark 11:
These statements are allusions to many OT texts — not obscure prophesies of the OT.
4 names/titles of Jesus that demonstrate who the people in Jerusalem believed Jesus was — and that we should believe as well.
Hosanna (as a word, save us now; as a name, the one who saves us)
We know Jesus is savior — Who is savior in the Old Testament?
Show us your faithful love, Lord, and give us your salvation.
CONTEXT: is a cry out for rescue.
God was punishing the Israelites with famine and persecution from surrounding nations.
They were being punished because they were worshipping other gods and became disloyal to YHWH, the one true God.
They had enough and they cried out to God to be saved from their suffering.
YHWH is the punisher, but he is also Hosanna, the one who gives salvation.
The cry for rescue of the Israelites was twofold:
1) They needed rescue from God’s wrath for their sins—they were asking God to save them from Himself.
In Jesus’s day, the Israelites were under Roman occupation and were persecuted by the Romans, similar to the Psalmists situation in Psalm 85. They believed that was God’s wrath being poured out on them for their sins, their disloyalty to God.
Therefore, salvation had to do with forgiveness of sins and returning to God’s favor.
2) They needed rescue from Rome.
The Israelites believed the Roman occupation was God’s wrath upon them and were asking God to relinquish His wrath.
When they cried Hosanna, to Jesus, they were making the statement that Jesus would — or at least could — in a very real sense save them from the here and now suffering of their sin.
There was social, political, personal, financial, emotional, economical, even ecological favor for today that they believed would accompany God’s eternal favor.
In other words, we’re still promised suffering in this life, but the Gospel gives us the hope to move beyond suffering for suffering sake to suffering for something really worth living for.
Jordan B. Peterson
Life is suffering. What do you do about that? You voluntarily accept it and then strive to overcome the suffering that’s a consequence of that. You do that for you. And then you do that in a way that makes [life] better for other people. And then, that works.
What he is saying is that there is a natural suffering that comes with life in this world. No one escapes that. But, we also allow ourelves to suffer from the self-pity and self-loathing that comes from the knowledge that we suffer in life.
We need to get past that. I believe the eternal hope we have in Jesus is the way that we get past the self-pity and self-loathing of this life so that even though there is a natural suffering in this life, in this world, we can still experience a full and meaningful life, and further — I think Peterson is right — that ought to overflow into the lives of others around us.
Jesus is Hosanna, the one who saves eternally and also saves us from suffering because of suffering in this life, now.
Second name/title for Jesus…
The people chant that Jesus comes, ‘In the name of the LORD.’
This is a reference to where the Psalmist wrote: (Yahweh, Hosanna!)
Lord, save us! Lord, please grant us success! He who comes in the name of the Lord is blessed. From the house of the Lord we bless you.
The Psalmist speaks of a blessed one who comes in the name of the Lord.
LORD: YHWH—personal name of God, referring to the single, almighty, creator.
Although the ancient people believed in many gods, they knew that YHWH was the primordial God, from whom everything has its source of life.
Name Theology (Jesus comes in ‘the name’ of Yahweh)
The name (hashem) is not just another way to refer to YHWH.
Hashem/the name is a way of specifically identifying God’s physical presence.
— which the people are quoting in the Mark story, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord’
Depicts a triumphal entry into Jerusalem after victory in battle.
They believed that they were victorious in battle because God’s presence was upon them.
When Jesus came into Jerusalem, the story we call the triumphal entry, the people referenced to speak of Jesus because it means that the name of God is among them—the power and presence of God is in their midst to bring them victory.
APP: (Another difference between Jesus and other religions.) Jesus comes to be with us, in our presence, in our midst. (Most other religions are about what happens to people, not what Jesus gets.)
Do you want to be in God’s presence?
What are you doing to experience God’s presence?
Is prayer rote and routine, completely absent, or wonderful and fulfilling?
What are your regular rhythms of worship (reading, singing, reflecting, etc.)?
If Jesus came to be with us and He is in fact with us, then we need to live our lives with Him.
Third title/name for Jesus…
(Kingdom of David) Jesus ushers in David’s (WHO IS DAVID?) Kingdom — Who sits on David’s throne in the OT, except David?
Notice the wording; the people seem to call Jesus ‘Kingdom of David.’
Christian Standard Bible Chapter 11
Blessed is the coming kingdomaq
of our father David!ar
(Processional, entry) “Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David!” — it is Jesus who is ‘coming’
Blessed is the coming kingdomaq
of our father David! a
aq ;
Sound weird? This is consistent with how Jesus refers to himself in many other places.
ar ; ;
“The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God has come near. Repent and believe the good news!”
It’s not so
There’s a sense in which Jesus is the Kingdom.
Christian Standard Bible (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2017), .
But, it’s not so much that Jesus is the actual Kingdom of David, but that the Kingdom of God was present in Jesus coming to the earth.
And through Jesus, we become the people of God with Jesus as our King.
Together we are the Kingdom—Christ and His people.
The people of Jerusalem were waiting for God’s Kingdom to come because that seemed to mean to them () that God would overthrow the Roman empire.
Isaiah prophesied regarding the one who would come to save Israel:
The dominion will be vast, and its prosperity will never end. He will reign on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish and sustain it with justice and righteousness from now on and forever. The zeal of the Lord of Armies will accomplish this.
The Israelites were hoping for a King to restore Israel, God’s Kingdom.
What’s amazing is that Jesus not only comes to restore God’s Kingdom, but he comes to open God’s Kingdom up to all people.
For God loved the world in this way: He gave his one and only Son, so that everyone who believes in him will not perish but have eternal life.
Jesus death on the cross for sins is not just to restore the Kingdom of Israel, David’s Kingdom, but to invite all people into the Kingdom of God.
When the people cried out, “Blessed is the coming Kingdom of our Father David!” they had no idea how great David’s Kingdom would become through Jesus. Everyone who follows Jesus today, and past, and who will follow in the future; we are all David’s Kingdom.
As Isaiah said, Jesus’s dominion is vast and His prosperity never ends. Jesus sustains us, His Kingdom, with justice and righteousness from now and for eternity.
APP: Implication of the coming of David’s Kingdom
We live with God as our greatest authority.
We don’t identify with the politics of the US or any other earthly Kingdom.
(cf. NT teaching) We can participate in the governments processes so long as they don’t challenge our citizenship in God’s Kingdom.
ILLs:
Governments who make public worship or evangelism illegal.
Abortion isn’t murder because it’s illegal.
The reality of the coming of David’s Kingdom is this: When Jesus saves you, He saves you from the Kingdoms of this world, to the Kingdom of David, the Kingdom of God. So, live in God’s Kingdom.
Finally, the fourth name given to Jesus by the people:
(Hosanna in the highest heaven.) —amendment — Jesus sits in the highest heaven. — Who sits in the highest heaven in the OT? Who is the one who saves in the highest heaven?
The heavens, indeed the highest heavens, belong to the Lord your God, as does the earth and everything in it.
cf. Dante’s Divine Comedy
Levels of heaven each get closer to the purest deity.
Are there levels of heaven? … I don’t think so
Scripture is written in the language of the people — in this case, Hellenistic Greeks who believed there were various levels of both the heavens and Hades. — So, they used that language.
Lesser gods or divine beings may have access to lower levels in this kind of thinking.
The Israelites say, ‘Highest heaven’ to differentiate Jesus from any other God. He is not just a god, but he is God of God’s, the one who resides in the highest level.
The point is not that there are many levels of heaven.
They are appealing illustratively to the cultural belief in levels of heaven to demonstrate that Yahweh is the greatest God.
(So what?)
The crowds placed their trust in Jesus as the one who comes from the highest heaven, we need to remember that Jesus is our only source of hope.
The people were begging God to rescue them from Roman persecution. God was their only hope. So, the cried out to Hosanna in the Highest Heaven.
As Westerners we are rarely faced with life or death circumstances where we are forced to trust God for…
Our next meal
Our jobs
Our homes
The safety of our children
Etc.
When was the last time you actually cried out to God? I know you probably have at some time or another, but it’s not every day life for us.
Instead of crying out to God, we work hard at our jobs to make money so we can buy our hope.
I’m not saying jobs and money are wrong—they’re necesary, but The reality is, God’s Kingdom belongs to those who have given up hope in this world.
The Kingdom of God is for those who cling to the cross of Christ as their daily sustenance.
The Kingdom of God is for people who are tried and persecuted for living out a radical faith.
ILL: Nigerian Christians — 900 churches and hundreds of lives.
PRAYER
PRAYER
Lord, we will bless You all of our days. We will bless and honor Your name, your presence among us. We praise you for your vast unsearchable greatness. You are a great, God, worthy of all praise.
Verse 1:
F
I will bless You all of my days, Lord
We will bless and honor Your name, your presence among us.
C
I will praise You always my God and King
F
I will bless and honor Your name Lord
We praise you for your vast unsearchable greatness
always and forever my soul will sing
Verse 2:
F
Such a vast unsearchable greatness
You are a great, God, worthy of all praise.
Great is Yahweh, worthy of all our praise
We will declare your awesome works till the end of our days. We have seen your splendor and glory. We have seen your amazing wonders. All that you have made Lord will praise you. All your people, your church, will joyfully worship.
Let your people sound through the ages
C B/G
All your awesome works till the end of days
We have seen your splendor and glory.
Am
We have seen your splendor and glory
We have seen your wonders and we stand amazed.
G Fmaj7
we have seen your wonders and stand amazed
et all that lives forever bless your name.
Every tongue will echo your story
G Fmaj7
everyone will sing of your righteous ways
Tag:
Dm7 F C
Oh let all that lives ever bless His name
All that you have made Lord will praise you
F
All that you have made Lord will praise you
All your holy ones will joyfully worship.
All your saints will worship in joyful strains
F
We praise the Lord who ransoms from sin and rescues from wrath. We praise the God of glory who reigns forever. You are holy and judge the wicked. But you guard those that love you and fear your name.
We praise the God of glory who reigns forever.
praise the God of glory who ever reigns
You are holy judging the wicked, but guarding those that love you and fear your name.
Am
He is holy judging the wicked
G Fmaj7
Guarding those that love him and fear his name
We cry out to you God. Be with us. Hear our cries, Lord. Hosanna! You are mighty to save.
All that call out Yahweh is with them
G Fmaj7
He will hear their cries. He is strong to save
Lord, uphold the one who is stumbling. Carry those who are burdened. Open your hand to the hungry. Bless all that will look to you, our Lord and hope.
He upholds the one who is stumbling
C/E Fmaj7
lifting up those burdened with heavy loads
Open your hand to the hungry. Bless all that look to you, our Lord and hope.
opening his hands to the hungry
C/E Fmaj7
blessing all that look to their Lord in hope
You are tender toward your creation. You are faithful and gracious in all you do. You are great Lord, full with compassion, slow to anger filled with unfailing love. Let all that live forever bless your name. Amen.
He is tender toward his creation
C/E Fmaj7
He is faithful and gracious in all he does
You are great Lord, full with compassion, slow to anger filled with unfailing love.
Great is Yahweh full with compassion
C/E Fmaj7
slow to anger filled with unfailing love
Let all that live forever bless your name. Amen.
Dm7 F C
Oh let all that live ever bless His name
Dm7 F C
Oh let all that live ever bless His name
Other thoughts
The spreading of the clothes and branches suggests they did not have time for a proper procession — they did not know Jesus was coming into Jerusalem (or did not care).
But, the statements about Jesus suggest they certainly did care. They made immensely theological and controversial statements about Jesus that could cost them their lives if they were wrong — blasphemy.