The King of Israel
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Introduction:
Introduction:
The New American Commentary: John 12–21 3. The Entry into Jerusalem for Passover and the Various Reactions (12:12–22)
Although the event is recorded in all four Gospels (Matt 21:1–11; Mark 11:1–11; Luke 19:29–44; as well as here in John), the focus of the stories is not the same in all of them. After pondering the story over the years, I find it completely impossible to designate John’s version of the story by the title of the “triumphal entry.” That title may apply to Luke’s account, where Jesus told the Pharisees that if his followers were to be silenced “the stones” would “cry out” (Luke 19:40a, probably citing Hab 2:11). But John’s story is different. It is strategically framed beforehand by the anointing of Jesus for burial (12:7) and afterwards both by the recognition that the hour of his glorification had arrived and by the likening of his time to the death of seeds (12:23–24). Jesus here was not confused about the significance of this event or by the shouting of the crowd. He knew that the meaning of his entry into Jerusalem was an entry into his death.
The days before &
The topic of discussion in Jerusalem
And the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went from the country up to Jerusalem before the Passover, to purify themselves. Then they sought Jesus, and spoke among themselves as they stood in the temple, “What do you think—that He will not come to the feast?” Now both the chief priests and the Pharisees had given a command, that if anyone knew where He was, he should report it, that they might seize Him.
The anointing for His burial
Then, six days before the Passover, Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus was who had been dead, whom He had raised from the dead.
John 12;1
The New American Commentary: John 12–21 3. The Entry into Jerusalem for Passover and the Various Reactions (12:12–22)
Although the event is recorded in all four Gospels (Matt 21:1–11; Mark 11:1–11; Luke 19:29–44; as well as here in John), the focus of the stories is not the same in all of them. After pondering the story over the years, I find it completely impossible to designate John’s version of the story by the title of the “triumphal entry.” That title may apply to Luke’s account, where Jesus told the Pharisees that if his followers were to be silenced “the stones” would “cry out” (Luke 19:40a, probably citing Hab 2:11). But John’s story is different. It is strategically framed beforehand by the anointing of Jesus for burial (12:7) and afterwards both by the recognition that the hour of his glorification had arrived and by the likening of his time to the death of seeds (12:23–24). Jesus here was not confused about the significance of this event or by the shouting of the crowd. He knew that the meaning of his entry into Jerusalem was an entry into his death.
John: The Gospel of Belief The Visit of the Greeks (12:20–36a)
All the forces of belief and unbelief which influenced Jesus converged in the brief Period of Crisis. The hatred of the Jews, the jealousy of Judas, the devotion of Mary, the expectation of the Gentile world, the purpose for which Jesus had called and trained the disciples, the conquest of Satan, and, above all, the will of the Father focussed on the choice which produced the cross and the resurrection. There was still a private ministry to be fulfilled, as 12:36b indicates; but the decisive step was taken when He said, “But for this cause came I unto this hour. Father, glorify thy name” (12:27b, 28a). From this moment on, Jesus walked with unfaltering step to the cross.
The King’s public appearance
The King’s public appearance
The Feast of Unleavened Bread and Passover brought the crowd to Jerusalem
The pilgrimage of Passover was required
“Three times a year all your males shall appear before the Lord your God in the place which He chooses: at the Feast of Unleavened Bread, at the Feast of Weeks, and at the Feast of Tabernacles; and they shall not appear before the Lord empty-handed. Every man shall give as he is able, according to the blessing of the Lord your God which He has given you.
Deuteronomy 16:16
Jerusalem was the God appointed place to observe Passover
“You may not sacrifice the Passover within any of your gates which the Lord your God gives you; but at the place where the Lord your God chooses to make His name abide, there you shall sacrifice the Passover at twilight, at the going down of the sun, at the time you came out of Egypt.
Deuteronomy
Then the king turned around and blessed the whole assembly of Israel, while all the assembly of Israel was standing. And he said: “Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who has fulfilled with His hands what He spoke with His mouth to my father David, saying, ‘Since the day that I brought My people out of the land of Egypt, I have chosen no city from any tribe of Israel in which to build a house, that My name might be there, nor did I choose any man to be a ruler over My people Israel. Yet I have chosen Jerusalem, that My name may be there, and I have chosen David to be over My people Israel.’
2 Chronicles 6:
Observing Passover was a life-long experience for Jesus
His parents went to Jerusalem every year at the Feast of the Passover. And when He was twelve years old, they went up to Jerusalem according to the custom of the feast.
This would be Jesus last Passover
Luke 2:41
Now before the Feast of the Passover, when Jesus knew that His hour had come that He should depart from this world to the Father, having loved His own who were in the world, He loved them to the end.
John 13:1
When the hour had come, He sat down, and the twelve apostles with Him. Then He said to them, “With fervent desire I have desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer; for I say to you, I will no longer eat of it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”
Luke 22:14-15
The belief in the coming of the Messiah during Passover and the news about the raising of Lazarus from the dead stirred a messianic fervor in Jerusalem
The crowd in Jerusalem ran out to meet Jesus. They joined the crowd that was already following Jesus from Bethany
The crowd carried palm branches to welcome royalty and a hero
The crowd cries out with shouts from messianic passages of scripture
The crowd cries out with shouts from messianic passages of scripture
Save now, I pray, O Lord;
O Lord, I pray, send now prosperity.
Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!
We have blessed you from the house of the Lord.
Zechar
“Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion!
Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem!
Behold, your King is coming to you;
He is just and having salvation,
Lowly and riding on a donkey,
A colt, the foal of a donkey.
Save now, I pray, O Lord;
O Lord, I pray, send now prosperity.
Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!
We have blessed you from the house of the Lord.
Save now, I pray, O Lord;
O Lord, I pray, send now prosperity.
Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!
We have blessed you from the house of the Lord.
Psal
The King rides in on a borrowed donkey (; ; )
Psal
Psa
“Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion!
Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem!
Behold, your King is coming to you;
He is just and having salvation,
Lowly and riding on a donkey,
A colt, the foal of a donkey.
“Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion!
Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem!
Behold, your King is coming to you;
He is just and having salvation,
Lowly and riding on a donkey,
A colt, the foal of a donkey.
Zechariah
A symbol of peace
A symbol of humility
The people’s view
The finite disciples
Earlier John wrote the same thing
Jesus answered and said to them, “Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.”
Then the Jews said, “It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and will You raise it up in three days?”
But He was speaking of the temple of His body. Therefore, when He had risen from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this to them; and they believed the Scripture and the word which Jesus had said.
John 2:19-
Their understanding was clouded by their own messianic expectations and personal desires
They formed a Messiah in their own mind conducive to what they longed for. They knew what they wanted Jesus to produce but in verse 24 Jesus will show the way He will produce what they really needed.
They consulted the scriptures but lacked the spiritual discernment the Holy Spirit would later give them
Then He said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and to enter into His glory?”
Luke
And He opened their understanding, that they might comprehend the Scriptures.
Luke 24:
The fickle crowd
The eyewitnesses of Lazarus being raised from the dead
The eyewitnesses of Lazarus being raised from the dead
The hearers and curious
The hearers and curious
And when He had come into Jerusalem, all the city was moved, saying, “Who is this?”
So the multitudes said, “This is Jesus, the prophet from Nazareth of Galilee.”
Matthew
The fuming Pharisees
The fuming Pharisees
All their efforts appeared futile
All their efforts appeared futile
What would be there next move?
Having received the piece of bread, he then went out immediately. And it was night.
What would be there next move? ,
The searching Greeks (Gentiles)
Then, leaning back on Jesus’ breast, he said to Him, “Lord, who is it?”
Jesus answered, “It is he to whom I shall give a piece of bread when I have dipped it.” And having dipped the bread, He gave it to Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon. Now after the piece of bread, Satan entered him. Then Jesus said to him, “What you do, do quickly.”
‘And if a stranger dwells among you, and would keep the Lord’s Passover, he must do so according to the rite of the Passover and according to its ceremony; you shall have one ordinance, both for the stranger and the native of the land.’ ”
Having received the piece of bread, he then went out immediately. And it was night.
John 13:
The searching Greeks (Gentiles)
God-fearers like Cornelius or proselytes to Judaism
They approach Philip who lived near the Gentile populations in Bethsaida of Galilee
God-fearers like Cornelius or proselytes to Judaism
Numbers
Philip looks to Andrew and they go together to Jesus
They approach Philip who lived near the Gentile populations in Bethsaida of Galilee
Philip looks to Andrew and they go together to Jesus
The King’s public announcement
The King’s public announcement
Jesus announces His death/glorification
It comes in response to the Gentiles request for an audience with Him
It comes in response to the Gentiles request for an audience with Him
The law made allowance for Gentiles to participate in Passover
‘And if a stranger dwells among you, and would keep the Lord’s Passover, he must do so according to the rite of the Passover and according to its ceremony; you shall have one ordinance, both for the stranger and the native of the land.’ ”
The law made allowance for Gentiles to participate in Passover
Were they God-fearers like Cornelius or proselytes to Judaism?
Numbers
They approach Philip who lived near the Gentile populations in Bethsaida of Galilee
Philip looks to Andrew and they go together to Jesus
Andrew is still bringing people to Jesus
He proclaims the time for His death/glorification has arrived
Hebrews 12:2
He proclaims the time for His death has arrived
Now when He was in Jerusalem at the Passover, during the feast, many believed in His name when they saw the signs which He did. But Jesus did not commit Himself to them, because He knew all men, and had no need that anyone should testify of man, for He knew what was in man.
Therefore when Jesus perceived that they were about to come and take Him by force to make Him king, He departed again to the mountain by Himself alone.
John 2:
Then Jesus said to them, “My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready. The world cannot hate you, but it hates Me because I testify of it that its works are evil. You go up to this feast. I am not yet going up to this feast, for My time has not yet fully come.” When He had said these things to them, He remained in Galilee.
John 7:
These words Jesus spoke in the treasury, as He taught in the temple; and no one laid hands on Him, for His hour had not yet come.
He proclaims it is the Son of Man that will be glorified
Son of Man is a term used of the coming Messiah
He proclaims the means of His death/glorification by an agricultural illustration
Jesus uses an agricultural illustration to explain the absolute truth about His need to die
He is teaching an absolute truth - Most assuredly, I say to you,
He is teaching the need for His death
Jesus’ repeats the message He has been teaching all along about discipleship
Who loves his life: Living by an earthly view point and for material things
Time is short
Things are temporary
Looking for the comforts of this life leads to loss in eternity
Who hates his life in this world: Living by a heavenly view point and heavenly rewards
Hating sin
Hating the idols
To serve Christ is to follow Him to the cross
Jesus’ ascension back into heaven came through the way of the cross
To follow Jesus Christ to the cross means our own death to self but it leads onward to where He is at the right hand of the Father
To follow Jesus Christ to the cross rewards us with eternal life and honor from the Father
Jesus reveals the weight He is carrying as He moves forward to the cross
The means of His glorification is death
Now when He was in Jerusalem at the Passover, during the feast, many believed in His name when they saw the signs which He did. But Jesus did not commit Himself to them, because He knew all men, and had no need that anyone should testify of man, for He knew what was in man.
John 2:23-
Therefore when Jesus perceived that they were about to come and take Him by force to make Him king, He departed again to the mountain by Himself alone.
Jesus’ struggle
Then Jesus said to them, “My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready.
John 7:6
Then Jesus said to them, “My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready. The world cannot hate you, but it hates Me because I testify of it that its works are evil. You go up to this feast. I am not yet going up to this feast, for My time has not yet fully come.” When He had said these things to them, He remained in Galilee.
John 7:6-
Now my soul is troubled, and what shall I say?: Jesus will struggle all the way into the garden of Gethsemane
The weight of the means of His glorification is real
‘Father, save Me from this hour?: Jesus will face the trouble with prayer
But for this purpose I came to this hour: Jesus surrendered His will and submitted to the will of the Father
Jesus seeks first the glorifying of the Father’s name
Jesus explains His Father’s response
Jesus explains His Father’s response
The Father confirms that Jesus has glorified His name and will do so through Jesus’ death and resurrection
The Father confirms that Jesus has glorified His name and will do so through Jesus’ death and resurrection
The Father confirms that Jesus has glorified His name and will do so through Jesus’ death and resurrection
The Father confirms that Jesus has glorified His name and will do so through Jesus’ death and resurrection
Matthew 15
Jesus announces the results of His death/glorification
So the multitude marveled when they saw the mute speaking, the maimed made whole, the lame walking, and the blind seeing; and they glorified the God of Israel.
The people were confused about what they heard
The rumbling of thunder
The voice of an angel
Jesus explains it was for their benefit
Jesus continues speaking about His imminent death/glorification
Jesus expresses His struggle within
His death/glorification will bring to an end this world system and defeat it’s leader
His death/glorification will exalt Him and open the way for all peoples
The cross was the beginning place of his exaltation
The cross would be the instrument used to bring about His death
The accomplishment on the cross will bring people from all nations to Him
The words of the Pharisees would come true the whole world has gone after Him
The Greeks would no longer need someone from the covenant people to bring them to the Son and the Father
His speaking of His death perplexed the hearers
We have heard from the law that the Christ remains forever: Their interpretation of scriptures left no room for a dying Messiah
We have heard from the law that the Christ remains forever
and how can You say, ‘The Son of Man must be lifted up’?: Jesus’ words seemed incompatible with the Law
We have heard from the law that the Christ remains forever
and how can You say, ‘The Son of Man must be lifted up’?
Who is this Son of Man?: They wanted Jesus to identify and explain His understanding of the Messiah
The New King James Version. (1982). (). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.Their interpretation of scriptures left no room for a dying Messiah
The New King James Version. (1982). (). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.Jesus’ words seemed incompatible with the Law
Jesus did not answer their question but warned them of the need to believe in the light
A little while longer the light is with you.: Jesus is the light of the world and His words are life and light. Soon He would be hidden from public eye and soon He would be crucified
A little while longer the light is with you.
Walk while you have the light, lest darkness overtake you; Jesus calls them to continue following Him even though they don’t fully understand it now for if they walk away now the darkness will overtake them and master them.
The New King James Version Chapter 12
he who walks in darkness does not know where he is going. 36 While you have the light, believe in the light, that you may become sons of light.”
The New King James Version Chapter 12
he who walks in darkness does not know where he is going
Walk while you have the light, lest darkness overtake you;
The New King James Version. (1982). (). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.
he who walks in darkness does not know where he is going: Once darkness possesses a person they no longer know where they are going. This is a perfect picture of all men’s condition who do not know Christ
The New King James Version. (1982). (). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.
While you have the light, believe in the light,: Jesus calls them to believe with the faith they have now in Him who is the light
that you become the sons of light.”: After his resurrection they will more fully understand his words now and therefore would become sons of light.
John gives the people’s response
The hidden Savior
Perhaps the last opportunity
The hidden truth
Their unbelief foretold by Isaiah
The hidden disciples
Fear of man
Praise of man
The King’s public appeal
The King’s public appeal
Verse 27-28 Through Jesus’ obedience salvation was gained for us
Through Jesus’ example God’s expectation for us was revealed
Jesus departs out of public eye
The hidden Savior
Perhaps the last opportunity
Greeks stangers at Passover
The hidden truth
Their unbelief foretold by Isaiah
The hidden disciples
Fear of man
Praise of man
Jesus’ words cannot be ignored
Jesus is the light and those who abide Him will not live in the darkness
Jesus is the light and those who abide Him will not live in the darkness
Jesus is the light and those who abide Him will not live in the darkness
The Father and Son are inseparable
Numbers
‘And if a stranger dwells among you, and would keep the Lord’s Passover, he must do so according to the rite of the Passover and according to its ceremony; you shall have one ordinance, both for the stranger and the native of the land.’ ”
Faith in the Son is faith in God
Listen to the words of Jesus: Jesus’ words will be the judge
Seeing the Son is seeing the Father
Listen to the words of Jesus: Jesus’ words will be the judge
The Son came to rescue us from the darkness
Jesus came as the Light of the world
Jesus’ words will be the judge
Faith in Jesus takes us out of the darkness
Jesus’ words demands faith
Jesus words judges rejection
Jesus’ words are God’s words
Jesus’ words are eternal life
Conclusion:
Conclusion:
He who has ears to hear, let him hear!”
“He saved others; Himself He cannot save. If He is the King of Israel, let Him now come down from the cross, and we will believe Him.
“He saved others; Himself He cannot save. If He is the King of Israel, let Him now come down from the cross, and we will believe Him.