The Feeding of the Five Thousand
Jesus is the good and compassionate shepherd-leader who cares and lays down his life for his sheep.
I. A Faithful Shepherd Knows His Sheep (vv. 30-33)
II. A Faithful Shepherd Cares for His Sheep (vv. 34-37)
III. A Faithful Shepherd Provides for His Sheep (vv. 38-44)
Welcoming the disciples back from their first mission, Jesus calls them to a deserted place to rest for a while (6:31). They respond by taking a boat to a deserted place (v. 32). But, in keeping with a Marcan pattern, a crowd follows Jesus. The disciples are concerned that, because the place is deserted (v. 35), the people will go hungry. Jesus understands that the wilderness, though replete with hostile forces, is the environment in which he, as YHWH in the past, must reveal himself. The ‘way in the wilderness’ (1:3; Isa. 40:3) is the way of the Lord, an important element of second exodus theology.8 The miracle that the disciples were about to witness was a replication of the miraculous feeding in the wilderness of the exodus account. By that original miracle (and many others), YHWH had made himself known as compassionate provider to his people.
The wilderness, from the perspective of Deuteronomy, was the place where YHWH taught his people that he could provide for them. Miraculously provided bread was daily evidence of God’s pastoral concern. But the provision pointed to something more than physical sustenance: ‘He humbled you, causing you to hunger and then feeding you with manna, which neither you nor your fathers had known, to teach you that man does not live on bread alone but on every word that comes from the mouth of the LORD’ (Deut. 8:3).