When Spiritual Disaster Strikes
In Jehoshaphat’s case it seemed to be only a marriage matter. Didn’t kings often make alliances through marriage? Hadn’t there been enough conflict already between Israel and Judah? Why not make peace and seal the deal by marrying off his eldest son, Jehoram, to Athaliah, Ahab’s daughter?
In Jehoshaphat’s case it seemed to be only a marriage matter. Didn’t kings often make alliances through marriage? Hadn’t there been enough conflict already between Israel and Judah? Why not make peace and seal the deal by marrying off his eldest son, Jehoram, to Athaliah, Ahab’s daughter?
When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she proceeded to destroy the whole royal family. 2
The word baal simply means “lord.” But the Baal mentioned here was considered the god who sent rain and caused the crops to grow. Baal worshipers engaged in a kind of sacred fornication at the temple to praise him as the source of life. At times the people would even offer their children to Baal as burnt sacrifices (Jeremiah 19:5).
Another goddess was Asherah. Although the King James Bible regularly translates this word as “grove,” an Asherah was actually a wooden post on which was carved the symbol of a female goddess. Asherah was considered to be the sister of Baal, as well as his wife. She was a fertility goddess, the goddess of passion, who was also worshiped by a kind of sacred prostitution.
Ahab son of Omri became king of Israel, and he reigned in Samaria over Israel twenty-two years. 30Ahab son of Omri did more evil in the eyes of the LORD than any of those before him. 31He not only considered it trivial to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, but he also married Jezebel daughter of Ethbaal king of the Sidonians, and began to serve Baal and worship him. 32He set up an altar for Baal in the temple of Baal that he built in Samaria. 33Ahab also made an Asherah pole and did more to provoke the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger than did all the kings of Israel before him.
Jehosheba, the daughter of King Jehoram and sister of Ahaziah, took Joash son of Ahaziah and stole him away from among the royal princes, who were about to be murdered. She put him and his nurse in a bedroom to hide him from Athaliah; so he was not killed. 3 He remained hidden with his nurse at the temple of the LORD for six years while Athaliah ruled the land.
2Ahaziah was twenty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem one year. His mother’s name was Athaliah, a granddaughter of Omri.
Only 22 years old, Ahaziah was heavily influenced by the counsel of Ahab’s family. Because of his mother, Athaliah, and his cousins from Ahab’s side of the family, it seemed as if little Judah’s spiritual and political fortunes were to become more and more intertwined with those of the North.
The Chronicler also lays great emphasis on the point that Ahaziah’s ruin was the Lord’s doing. “God brought about Ahaziah’s downfall,” he says, and continues by declaring that Jehu, in destroying Ahab’s house, was the Lord’s anointed. In other words, Jehu did what he did under the Lord’s direction and with the Lord’s blessing. Finally, Jehu’s actions are described as “executing judgment.”
On the one hand, what queen mother Athaliah did was perfectly normal, if considered only within the context of power politics in the ancient world. Her son the king was dead. Jehu had been wiping out her family in the North, so there was little hope of refuge for her there. Her only hope was to consolidate power for herself in the South while she still possessed some control over events. The greatest threat to her staying in power were any sons in the line of David who might be considered legitimate claimants to the throne. They could easily serve as focal points around which opposition could rally. Under the circumstances the only hope left for her was to destroy them before they could destroy her.
Faith in God, however, views this as a direct assault on God’s ruling power and on the kingdom of God itself. It was God, after all, who had decreed that David and his successors were to occupy the throne. The promise made to David in 1 Chronicles chapter 17 was not only his way of ensuring stable rule over his people but was also his means of saving the entire world.
It is probably worth the time to pause here and note the exact nature of Athaliah’s other spiritual crimes. In addition to her direct assault on the promise of the Savior, she also took an active role in promoting Baal worship among her southern subjects. A true daughter of Jezebel and a worthy offspring of Ahab! In the city of God itself, she had enthroned Baal as lord, complete with his own temple, altars, and high priest (see 23:17). As if this weren’t bad enough, she and her sons (or perhaps better, her followers) had broken into the temple of God itself so that, in honor of Baal, they could make unholy use of those holy objects set apart for the worship of the Lord (24:7). What could be worse than this? The throne of God’s kingdom had been taken over by a usurper, and the temple where God’s glory dwelt had been desecrated. Satan seemed to have triumphed in the land.
Jehosheba, one of Jehoram’s daughters and the wife of Jehoiada, a priest about whom we will be hearing more shortly. This brave woman took young prince Joash from the group of children whom Athaliah had marked for slaughter, right out from under her nose. The child was still nursing, so Jehosheba hid him away in one of the inner bed chambers of the temple complex, along with his wet nurse. What she did took considerable courage, since palace and temple were located side by side, and no doubt there were few people she could trust, at least in the beginning. For the six long and terrible years of Athaliah’s reign, Jehosheba and her husband protected the little prince from harm, until the time was right for declaring themselves.
Jehoiada the priest had been in full agreement with what his wife had done. Along with her, he must have spent many anxious days and nights concealing the growing young prince from prying eyes. After seven years the time came at last to restore God’s order. Jehoiada moved swiftly and decisively. First he secured the allegiance of the military by entering into a pact with five key leaders of the palace guard. Their names are supplied in verse 1 as a roll call of honor. These men were to go out on a secret mission and secure the support of the Levites and the heads of families throughout the kingdom of Judah. At an agreed-upon time, all were to present themselves at the temple of the Lord.
Jehoiada demonstrated a remarkable shrewdness in his plan. He was, as we shall see, able to time the little boy’s acclamation as king in such a way as to provide him with maximum protection. No doubt he was also able to plan the exact date of the coup d’etat so that it coincided with one of the three great festivals of God’s people. At a time like this, when all Israel was required to present itself before the Lord, the influx of great numbers of people into Jerusalem would have been nothing remarkable. Athaliah must have assumed that they were simply there to worship their God as he had commanded.
Particularly confusing is the task of sorting out all the various groupings of men along with their various stations as described for us both here and in 2 Kings.
Armed Levites and armed soldiers stood side by side to protect the king. Since the group guarding the boy in the temple precincts was a mixture of Levites and regular soldiers, Jehoiada hastened to add the instruction, “No one is to enter the temple of the LORD except the priests and Levites.” No matter how the situation played itself out, Jehoiada did not want anyone not a priest, in an excess of zeal, running into the Lord’s temple itself.
This was a godly family, united in their ambition to do the Lord’s will.
We dare not miss the remark that “they presented him with a copy of the covenant.” Judah was not a kingdom like all the other nations of the world, where the king ruled alone and where his word was law. It was the kingdom where God’s Word was paramount. The copy of the covenant, therefore, was most likely a copy of Deuteronomy, where God had clearly spelled out what it meant for a people to be chosen as his very own. In that same book, God had instructed his people on what basis any future king of theirs had to rule: “When he takes the throne of his kingdom, he is to write for himself on a scroll a copy of this law, taken from that of the priests” (Deuteronomy 17:18).
Part of the appeal of idolatry is its easy tolerance of other religious points of view. “Oh, so you’re a follower of the Lord? That’s great! I’m a devotee of Baal myself, but there have been times when I’ve offered a sacrifice or two to the Lord, I don’t mind telling you.” Athaliah had not destroyed the temple of the true God. She had just built a temple of Baal alongside it. We see this same principle in operation in much of what passes for spirituality in America today. Religion is seen to be this vast tent under which there should be many displays, enough to suit anyone’s taste. Jehoiada had no such tolerance. There was no middle ground. Baal worship was destructive to the exclusive relationship that the Lord wanted to enjoy with his people. Similarly we are not to be fooled whenever a tolerance of evil masquerades as a broad-minded and compassionate love. God’s people can have no fellowship with what is false and with that which, if clung to, will destroy spiritual life.
Judah up to this time had been largely shielded by its kings from the gross idolatry that had so thoroughly corrupted the Northern Kingdom. Asa and Jehoshaphat had made it their official policy to root out high place worship from their land (14:3; 17:6). While
Judah up to this time had been largely shielded by its kings from the gross idolatry that had so thoroughly corrupted the Northern Kingdom.
Jehoram reversed this policy and instead adopted his father-in-law’s procedure of establishing high places among his people that were dedicated to the worship of the Tyrian god Baal. “He walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, as the house of Ahab had done.” It is likely that such practices were part of a larger policy of close cooperation with the idolatrous kingdom to the north. When Jehoshaphat’s other sons spoke out against what was happening, they were killed for their trouble, along with their supporters.
By introducing such gross idolatry and Baal worship into his kingdom, he had “caused the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves and had led Judah astray.” The only other time our writer uses the expression “to prostitute themselves” is in his first book. There he chose it as the best way to characterize the sin of the northern tribes and gave it as the reason why God had abandoned them to their enemies (1 Chronicles 5:25, 26).
12Jehoram received a letter from Elijah the prophet, which said:
“This is what the LORD, the God of your father David, says: ‘You have not walked in the ways of your father Jehoshaphat or of Asa king of Judah. 13But you have walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, and you have led Judah and the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves, just as the house of Ahab did. You have also murdered your own brothers, members of your father’s house, men who were better than you. 14So now the LORD is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives and everything that is yours, with a heavy blow. 15You yourself will be very ill with a lingering disease of the bowels, until the disease causes your bowels to come out.’ ”
A remarkable letter from a remarkable man! Elijah, as we know from 1 Kings, conducted his ministry among the northern tribes of Israel. The Lord had used him to prevent his people from sliding into complete apostasy under Ahab and Jezebel. As one of the last acts of Elijah’s career, the Lord used him to render his verdict over Jehoram.
12Jehoram received a letter from Elijah the prophet, which said:
“This is what the LORD, the God of your father David, says: ‘You have not walked in the ways of your father Jehoshaphat or of Asa king of Judah. 13But you have walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, and you have led Judah and the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves, just as the house of Ahab did. You have also murdered your own brothers, members of your father’s house, men who were better than you. 14So now the LORD is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives and everything that is yours, with a heavy blow. 15You yourself will be very ill with a lingering disease of the bowels, until the disease causes your bowels to come out.’ ”
A remarkable letter from a remarkable man! Elijah, as we know from 1 Kings, conducted his ministry among the northern tribes of Israel. The Lord had used him to prevent his people from sliding into complete apostasy under Ahab and Jezebel. As one of the last acts of Elijah’s career, the Lord used him to render his verdict over Jehoram.
12Jehoram received a letter from Elijah the prophet, which said:
“This is what the LORD, the God of your father David, says: ‘You have not walked in the ways of your father Jehoshaphat or of Asa king of Judah. 13But you have walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, and you have led Judah and the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves, just as the house of Ahab did. You have also murdered your own brothers, members of your father’s house, men who were better than you. 14So now the LORD is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives and everything that is yours, with a heavy blow. 15You yourself will be very ill with a lingering disease of the bowels, until the disease causes your bowels to come out.’ ”
A remarkable letter from a remarkable man! Elijah, as we know from 1 Kings, conducted his ministry among the northern tribes of Israel. The Lord had used him to prevent his people from sliding into complete apostasy under Ahab and Jezebel. As one of the last acts of Elijah’s career, the Lord used him to render his verdict over Jehoram.
20Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years. He passed away, to no one’s regret, and was buried in the City of David, but not in the tombs of the kings.