Marriage, between God and his people

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Marriage is used to describe the relationship between God and Israel in the OT and between Jesus Christ and the church in the NT. Contemplating marriage deepens understanding of God’s love for his people; examining God’s covenant love for his people similarly enriches an understanding of marriage.

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God’s marriage relationship with Israel

God’s marriage covenant with Israel

The covenant at Sinai was seen as a form of marriage.
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God as Israel’s husband

Isaiah 54:5 ESV
For your Maker is your husband, the Lord of hosts is his name; and the Holy One of Israel is your Redeemer, the God of the whole earth he is called.
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Israel’s early devotion

Jeremiah 2:2 ESV
“Go and proclaim in the hearing of Jerusalem, Thus says the Lord, “I remember the devotion of your youth, your love as a bride, how you followed me in the wilderness, in a land not sown.
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The breakdown of God’s marriage to Israel

Israel’s adultery

Jeremiah 3:20 ESV
Surely, as a treacherous wife leaves her husband, so have you been treacherous to me, O house of Israel, declares the Lord.’ ”
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Israel’s alienation from God is likened to a divorce

Israel’s unfaithfulness led to a form of divorce between God and his people. This was sometimes identified with the exile.
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The renewal of God’s marriage to Israel

God calls his bride to return

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The renewed relationship

Isaiah 62:4–5 ESV
You shall no more be termed Forsaken, and your land shall no more be termed Desolate, but you shall be called My Delight Is in Her, and your land Married; for the Lord delights in you, and your land shall be married. For as a young man marries a young woman, so shall your sons marry you, and as the bridegroom rejoices over the bride, so shall your God rejoice over you.
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Jesus Christ’s marriage relationship with the church

Jesus Christ’s love as a model for marriage

Ephesians 5:25–33 ESV
Husbands, love your wives, as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her, that he might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word, so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish. In the same way husbands should love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as Christ does the church, because we are members of his body. “Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.” This mystery is profound, and I am saying that it refers to Christ and the church. However, let each one of you love his wife as himself, and let the wife see that she respects her husband.

Jesus Christ is described as a bridegroom

John the Baptist describes Jesus Christ as the bridegroom and himself as the best man.
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The church as Christ’s bride

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