TOOT: Creation King Kingdom
Theme of the Old Testament • Sermon • Submitted
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Opening Prayer
Introduction
Introduction
Basic concept introduced few weeks ago - better understanding of OT allows more clarity of Gospel
Importance of progressive revelation
Three lenses to interpret OT (Gentry and Wellum)
Textual horizon - Immediate context
Epochal horizon - where the text lies in God’s unfolding plan
Canonical horizon - understand what the whole Bible says
Provision of Scripture and resources on Faithlife
God and Creation
God and Creation
In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.
In the beginning, God created
In the beginning, God created
God created out of nothing - Ex Nihlio
The Trinity was involved
Creation was good - see repetition in
Creation and God
God still involved - God stopping man - , use of Cyrus, denial of Deism
God still in control - flood, parting water, 10 plagues, sun standing still
God still displayed -
Historical progression and formulation
Historical progression and formulation
Adam created and placed into position of kingship
Image and likeness -
Dominion
Multiply fill subdue
Work
Keep
Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.” So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them. And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it, and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.” And God said, “Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit. You shall have them for food. And to every beast of the earth and to every bird of the heavens and to everything that creeps on the earth, everything that has the breath of life, I have given every green plant for food.” And it was so.
The Lord God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it.
Gen 1.26-
Noah given a restatement of same commission -
Noah given a restatement of same commission
Promise to Abraham to make nation
And God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth. The fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth and upon every bird of the heavens, upon everything that creeps on the ground and all the fish of the sea. Into your hand they are delivered. Every moving thing that lives shall be food for you. And as I gave you the green plants, I give you everything. But you shall not eat flesh with its life, that is, its blood. And for your lifeblood I will require a reckoning: from every beast I will require it and from man. From his fellow man I will require a reckoning for the life of man. “Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed, for God made man in his own image. And you, be fruitful and multiply, increase greatly on the earth and multiply in it.”
Kings present in early Genesis -
Male, authoritarian figures
Gen 9.1-
Typically fearsome warriors able to protect and guard - person of safety and ability
Also became representative of deity
Person of Melchizedek
Priest-King
When Moses delivered people from kingdom of Egypt
Ten plagues showing that God was superior to the local deities
Brought to Mount Sinai and God’s plan to make kingdom of priests -
Then you shall do according to what they declare to you from that place that the Lord will choose. And you shall be careful to do according to all that they direct you. According to the instructions that they give you, and according to the decision which they pronounce to you, you shall do. You shall not turn aside from the verdict that they declare to you, either to the right hand or to the left. The man who acts presumptuously by not obeying the priest who stands to minister there before the Lord your God, or the judge, that man shall die. So you shall purge the evil from Israel. And all the people shall hear and fear and not act presumptuously again. “When you come to the land that the Lord your God is giving you, and you possess it and dwell in it and then say, ‘I will set a king over me, like all the nations that are around me,’ you may indeed set a king over you whom the Lord your God will choose. One from among your brothers you shall set as king over you. You may not put a foreigner over you, who is not your brother. Only he must not acquire many horses for himself or cause the people to return to Egypt in order to acquire many horses, since the Lord has said to you, ‘You shall never return that way again.’ And he shall not acquire many wives for himself, lest his heart turn away, nor shall he acquire for himself excessive silver and gold. “And when he sits on the throne of his kingdom, he shall write for himself in a book a copy of this law, approved by the Levitical priests. And it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the Lord his God by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them, that his heart may not be lifted up above his brothers, and that he may not turn aside from the commandment, either to the right hand or to the left, so that he may continue long in his kingdom, he and his children, in Israel.
shows the provision and description of the king
“When you come to the land that the Lord your God is giving you, and you possess it and dwell in it and then say, ‘I will set a king over me, like all the nations that are around me,’ you may indeed set a king over you whom the Lord your God will choose. One from among your brothers you shall set as king over you. You may not put a foreigner over you, who is not your brother. Only he must not acquire many horses for himself or cause the people to return to Egypt in order to acquire many horses, since the Lord has said to you, ‘You shall never return that way again.’ And he shall not acquire many wives for himself, lest his heart turn away, nor shall he acquire for himself excessive silver and gold. “And when he sits on the throne of his kingdom, he shall write for himself in a book a copy of this law, approved by the Levitical priests. And it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the Lord his God by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them, that his heart may not be lifted up above his brothers, and that he may not turn aside from the commandment, either to the right hand or to the left, so that he may continue long in his kingdom, he and his children, in Israel.
Time of Judges
There was no king
Constant refrain of evil due to no leadership
Time of persecution by enemies, particularly the Philistines
Pressed for king in Samuel’s time - key phrases “like all the nations”, “he will take”
When Samuel became old, he made his sons judges over Israel. The name of his firstborn son was Joel, and the name of his second, Abijah; they were judges in Beersheba. Yet his sons did not walk in his ways but turned aside after gain. They took bribes and perverted justice. Then all the elders of Israel gathered together and came to Samuel at Ramah and said to him, “Behold, you are old and your sons do not walk in your ways. Now appoint for us a king to judge us like all the nations.” But the thing displeased Samuel when they said, “Give us a king to judge us.” And Samuel prayed to the Lord. And the Lord said to Samuel, “Obey the voice of the people in all that they say to you, for they have not rejected you, but they have rejected me from being king over them. According to all the deeds that they have done, from the day I brought them up out of Egypt even to this day, forsaking me and serving other gods, so they are also doing to you. Now then, obey their voice; only you shall solemnly warn them and show them the ways of the king who shall reign over them.” So Samuel told all the words of the Lord to the people who were asking for a king from him. He said, “These will be the ways of the king who will reign over you: he will take your sons and appoint them to his chariots and to be his horsemen and to run before his chariots. And he will appoint for himself commanders of thousands and commanders of fifties, and some to plow his ground and to reap his harvest, and to make his implements of war and the equipment of his chariots. He will take your daughters to be perfumers and cooks and bakers. He will take the best of your fields and vineyards and olive orchards and give them to his servants. He will take the tenth of your grain and of your vineyards and give it to his officers and to his servants. He will take your male servants and female servants and the best of your young men and your donkeys, and put them to his work. He will take the tenth of your flocks, and you shall be his slaves. And in that day you will cry out because of your king, whom you have chosen for yourselves, but the Lord will not answer you in that day.” But the people refused to obey the voice of Samuel. And they said, “No! But there shall be a king over us, that we also may be like all the nations, and that our king may judge us and go out before us and fight our battles.” And when Samuel had heard all the words of the people, he repeated them in the ears of the Lord. And the Lord said to Samuel, “Obey their voice and make them a king.” Samuel then said to the men of Israel, “Go every man to his city.”
Saul appointed because of similarity to worldly standards; usurped his position - ; constant warfare against Philistines, and eventually died in battle against them
David appointed as king
He represents the model of kingship
A man after God’s heart
Understood kingship in terms of shepherding -
God made covenant with him to establish an eternal kingdom
Defeated the Philistines - the enemies of Israel
Solomon and Rehoboam
Solomon is a display of the abundance of God’s kingdom
Part fulfillment of covenant in 1 Sam 7
Disobeyed , particularly
And he shall not acquire many wives for himself, lest his heart turn away, nor shall he acquire for himself excessive silver and gold.
Was swayed by many wives, and God promised to take away kingdom
LORD used Rehoboam to remove kingdom , split into two, Israel and Judah
Split kingdom eventually landed in exile for both kingdoms; Exile was ultimate covenantal curse
Exile and Restoration
Exile understood that invading kingdom was greater, and served greater deity -
Time and period of disillusionment and token king
New themes of kingship
Future cosmic king - ,
Suffering servant -
Conquering king - , , ,
Expectation of liberating king
Upon return, kingship limited in power and in Scripture; prophecies not “fulfilled”
OT view of king-God kingdom
OT view of king-God kingdom
Earthly king
pointed to God
fulfilled mandate and acted as mediator to creation
Israelite king extension of God’s heavenly rule
God as king
God’s kingdom is everlasting, present and tangible, and future
kingdom is everlasting
present and tangible
future orientated
not limited to Israel - ; Minor Prophets
Kingdom of peace -
Kingdom of prosperty
Future king
Combination of Suffering servant and Ruling king
Son of God - Messianic title, not deity title
Inherit kingdom of God forever
Application
Application
Creation means that God owns us and establishes our purpose
Creation and kingship means that God is still in control, ruling through providence; we are to trust Him
Kingship means that we are to submit to His expressed desires
Meditate on
Yours, O Lord, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is yours. Yours is the kingdom, O Lord, and you are exalted as head above all. Both riches and honor come from you, and you rule over all. In your hand are power and might, and in your hand it is to make great and to give strength to all.