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9.11-14 consists of two long sentences in the Greek.
The first sentence describes the event, the second its significance.
Together they sum up several aspects of the contrast between Old Testament sacrifices and the sacrifice of Christ. These are:
the earthly tent contrasted with the heavenly tent;
the animal sacrifice contrasted with Christ’s sacrifice of himself;
A Handbook on the Letter to the Hebrews Hebrews 9:11–14
This paragraph consists of two long sentences in the Greek. The first sentence describes the event, the second its significance. Together they sum up several aspects of the contrast between Old Testament sacrifices and the sacrifice of Christ. These are:
(a) the earthly tent contrasted with the heavenly tent;
(b) the animal sacrifice contrasted with Christ’s sacrifice of himself;
(c) the once-for-all, eternal sacrifice contrasted by implication with the many sacrifices of 7:27;
(d) “purification of the flesh” contrasted with “purification of the conscience”;
(e) dead works contrasted with the living God.
the once-for-all, eternal sacrifice contrasted by implication with the many sacrifices of 7:27;
“purification of the flesh” contrasted with “purification of the conscience”;
dead works contrasted with the living God.
11 But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of this creation)
“But” this begins the contrast with the previous paragraph which was introduced in verse 2
“WHEN” Time marker introduced...
What within the context will help us understand the time marker? vv.9-10 - time of the reformation (v.10)
time of the reformation (v.10)
9.1-10 which we look at last week is all about the old sacrificial system, and the author walked us through the tabernacle.
vv.9-10 talks about how the old sacrificial system was limited
first, the severe restriction of access into God’s presence showed that the arrangement was provisional (vv. 7–8).
first, the severe restriction of access into God’s presence showed that the arrangement was provisional (vv. 7–8). Second, the sacrifices offered failed to provide definitive cleansing and thus indicated that the arrangement was imperfect
Second, the sacrifices offered failed to provide definitive cleansing and thus indicated that the arrangement was imperfect
Peter T. O’Brien, The Letter to the Hebrews (The Pillar New Testament Commentary; Grand Rapids, MI; Nottingham, England: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2010), 316.
It could cover our sins, but it could not change the sinner.
“But when Christ appeared (become) as a high priest of the good things that have come...”
When did Christ appear? what is this appearing he talking about?
Incarnation or Ascension?
Jesus wasn’t born the high priest, but rather he was made high priest through suffering 4.15, 5.8
Good things that have come
Promises of the new covenant
Eternal redemption v. 12
Eternal inheritance v.15
12 he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption.
How did the Old covenant high priest enter into the holy places?
On the day of atonement
An offering of the blood of bulls and goats was required for the annual atonement sacrifices under the old covenant (, , ; see on ).
first, the severe restriction of access into God’s presence showed that the arrangement was provisional (vv. 7–8). Second, the sacrifices offered failed to provide definitive cleansing and thus indicated that the arrangement was imperfect
Aaron carried the sacrificial blood into the Holy of Holies and offered it there.
Peter T. O’Brien, The Letter to the Hebrews (The Pillar New Testament Commentary; Grand Rapids, MI; Nottingham, England: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2010), 321.
Peter T. O’Brien, The Letter to the Hebrews (The Pillar New Testament Commentary; Grand Rapids, MI; Nottingham, England: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2010), 316.
Jesus enters the holy place not with the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood
It was by his blood that secured for us eternal redemption
not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood
This highlights the contrast between the involuntary and passive sacrifice of the animals with the voluntary and active obedience and sacrifice of Christ.
Eternal Redemption
13 For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh,
For if the blood of goats and bulls
Day of Atonement - Blood sprinkled throughout for the cleansing
and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh,
Cleans those who have touched a dead body - HIGHLY SYMBOLIC
3rd and 7th day = preliminary cleansing (salvation) and final cleansing (Glorification)
stone jars for purification
Purification was needed in order to come in the tabernacle, to be in the presence of God.
14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.
because of What Jesus has done, we are purified, cleansed, washed, and are able to serve the living God - we do not need to stay away for 3 or 7 days.
15 Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.
Jesus brings the promise of an eternal inheritance to those who were under the first covenant.
16 For where a will is involved, the death of the one who made it must be established.
17 For a will takes effect only at death, since it is not in force as long as the one who made it is alive.
18 Therefore not even the first covenant was inaugurated without blood.
19 For when every commandment of the law had been declared by Moses to all the people, he took the blood of calves and goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people,
20 saying, “This is the blood of the covenant that God commanded for you.”
21 And in the same way he sprinkled with the blood both the tent and all the vessels used in worship.
22 Indeed, under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.
23 Thus it was necessary for the copies of the heavenly things to be purified with these rites, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.
24 For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
25 Nor was it to offer himself repeatedly, as the high priest enters the holy places every year with blood not his own,
26 for then he would have had to suffer repeatedly since the foundation of the world. But as it is, he has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.
27 And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment,
28 so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him.