Judgment, God’s

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God judges the world by identifying and condemning sin and by vindicating and rewarding the righteous. God exercises temporal judgment on the world and on his people; final judgment will take place when Jesus Christ returns.

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The nature of God’s judgment

Its certainty

Ecclesiastes 12:14 NABRE
because God will bring to judgment every work, with all its hidden qualities, whether good or bad.
See also ; ; ;

Its righteousness

Genesis 18:25 NABRE
Far be it from you to do such a thing, to kill the righteous with the wicked, so that the righteous and the wicked are treated alike! Far be it from you! Should not the judge of all the world do what is just?”
See also ; ;

Its impartiality

2 Chronicles 19:7 NABRE
And now, let the fear of the Lord be upon you. Act carefully, for with the Lord, our God, there is no injustice, no partiality, no bribe-taking.”
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The purpose of God’s judgment

To display his glory

Isaiah 5:16 NABRE
But the Lord of hosts shall be exalted by judgment, by justice the Holy God shown holy.
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To vindicate the righteous

1 Samuel 24:12–15 NABRE
May the Lord judge between me and you. May the Lord exact justice from you in my case. I shall not lay a hand on you. As the old proverb says, ‘From the wicked comes wickedness.’ Thus I will not lay a hand on you. What is the king of Israel attacking? What are you pursuing? A dead dog! A single flea! The Lord will be the judge to decide between us. May the Lord see this, defend my cause, and give me justice against you!”
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To defend the weak

Psalm 140:12 NABRE
For I know the Lord will take up the cause of the needy, justice for the poor.
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To bring salvation to his people

Isaiah 30:18 NABRE
Truly, the Lord is waiting to be gracious to you, truly, he shall rise to show you mercy; For the Lord is a God of justice: happy are all who wait for him!
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To punish sin

Romans 2:12 NABRE
All who sin outside the law will also perish without reference to it, and all who sin under the law will be judged in accordance with it.
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To turn people to God

Temporal judgments may turn people to God and so save them from eternal judgment.
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God’s judgment may be delayed

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Examples of God’s judgment

Judgment on ungodly individuals

Acts 12:23 NABRE
At once the angel of the Lord struck him down because he did not ascribe the honor to God, and he was eaten by worms and breathed his last.
See also Jehoram; Belshazzar; Jezebel, the false prophetess

Judgment following particular sins

Cain’s murder of Abel; Moses’ and Aaron’s disobedience; Nadab’s and Abihu’s disobedience; Nabal’s contemptuous treatment of David; Uzzah’s handling of the ark; youths jeering at Elisha; Gehazi’s greed; Uzziah’s pride and unfaithfulness; Ananias’ and Sapphira’s lies

Judgment on peoples and nations

Joel 3:12–13 NABRE
Let the nations rouse themselves and come up to the Valley of Jehoshaphat; For there I will sit in judgment upon all the neighboring nations. Wield the sickle, for the harvest is ripe; Come and tread, for the wine press is full; The vats overflow, for their crimes are numerous.
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Egypt:

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Assyria:

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Isaiah 34:5 NABRE
When my sword has drunk its fill in the heavens, it shall come down upon Edom for judgment, upon a people under my ban.

Babylon:

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Jeremiah 25:31–33 NABRE
The uproar spreads to the end of the earth; For the Lord has an indictment against the nations, he enters into judgment against all flesh: The wicked shall be given to the sword— oracle of the Lord. Thus says the Lord of hosts: Look! disaster stalks nation after nation; A violent storm surges from the recesses of the earth. On that day, those whom the Lord has slain will be strewn from one end of the earth to the other. They will not be mourned, they will not be gathered, they will not be buried; they shall lie like dung upon the ground.

God’s judgment on his enemies

Deuteronomy 32:41–43 NABRE
When I sharpen my flashing sword, and my hand lays hold of judgment, With vengeance I will repay my foes and requite those who hate me. I will make my arrows drunk with blood, and my sword shall devour flesh— With the blood of the slain and the captured, from the long-haired heads of the enemy. Exult with him, you heavens, bow to him, all you divine beings! For he will avenge the blood of his servants, take vengeance on his foes; He will requite those who hate him, and purge his people’s land.
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God’s judgment on Israel

God’s warning of judgment

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Plagues

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Drought and famine

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Defeat by enemies

; The cycle of sin, defeat and deliverance is repeated several times in Judges;

Exile

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God’s final judgment on the whole earth

Acts 17:31 NABRE
because he has established a day on which he will ‘judge the world with justice’ through a man he has appointed, and he has provided confirmation for all by raising him from the dead.”
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