Sabbath in NT

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The NT develops the OT teaching on the Sabbath in three important directions. It declares that the Sabbath should not be observed in a legalistic manner; the Sabbath-rest is treated as an important symbol of the Christian doctrine of salvation; and finally, the NT itself indicates how Sunday, rather than Saturday, came to be seen as the Christian Sabbath.

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Gospel incidents connected with the Sabbath

Exorcism

Mark 1:21–25 CSB
21 They went into Capernaum, and right away he entered the synagogue on the Sabbath and began to teach. 22 They were astonished at his teaching because he was teaching them as one who had authority, and not like the scribes. 23 Just then a man with an unclean spirit was in their synagogue. He cried out, 24 “What do you have to do with us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are—the Holy One of God!” 25 Jesus rebuked him saying, “Be silent, and come out of him!”

Healing

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Teaching

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Other references

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Jesus Christ’s teaching regarding the Sabbath

Jesus Christ observes the Sabbath regulation

Luke 4:16 CSB
16 He came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. As usual, he entered the synagogue on the Sabbath day and stood up to read.
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Human well-being is more important than rigid observance of the Law

Mark 2:27–28 CSB
27 Then he told them, “The Sabbath was made for man and not man for the Sabbath. 28 So then, the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.”
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Ceremonial observance must give way before any higher, or more spiritual, motive

Matthew 12:5–6 CSB
5 Or haven’t you read in the law that on Sabbath days the priests in the temple violate the Sabbath and are innocent? 6 I tell you that something greater than the temple is here.
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Sabbath reading of Scripture provided an opportunity for reaching the Jews

Acts 17:2 CSB
2 As usual, Paul went into the synagogue, and on three Sabbath days reasoned with them from the Scriptures,
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Sabbath observance was optional for Gentile Christians

Colossians 2:16 CSB
16 Therefore, don’t let anyone judge you in regard to food and drink or in the matter of a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day.

The Lord’s Day

At an early stage the Sabbath was replaced by Sunday (the first day of the week) as the day for rest and worship.
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The Sabbath-rest is seen as a symbol of the salvation of the people of God

The OT promise of rest was unfulfilled, on account of Israel’s disobedience; ; The OT promise of rest remains open.
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