Jesus, Son of David
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Introduction
Introduction
In we read...
And the angel said to her, “Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favor with God. And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David,
Since Jesus was to sit on the throne of His father David, it’s not surprising that He is called in the Scriptures the Son of David.
He is called the Son of David in the very first verse of Matthew’s gospel.
In , people are amazed at Jesus and ask, “Can this be the Son of David?” ()
The answer is yes.
In , a blind beggar named, Bartimaeus, cries out, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!” ()
And Jesus had mercy on him.
In , a Canaanite woman cried out, “Have mercy on me, O Lord, Son of David; my daughter is severely oppressed by a demon.” ()
And Jesus had mercy on this woman’s daughter as well.
In , as Jesus rode into Jerusalem on a donkey one week before His death on the cross, the crowds shouted, “Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is He who comes in the Name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!” ()
Jesus said that if the crowds didn’t shout it, the rocks would.
So, Jesus is the Son of David.
But we know that to say that Jesus is the Son of David is not to say that David, the second King of Israel, is Jesus’ father. Jesus was, of course, conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of a virgin named, Mary.
But we know that to say that Jesus is the Son of David is not to say that David, the second King of Israel, is Jesus’ father. Jesus was, of course, conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of a virgin named, Mary.
David is Jesus’ father is to say that King David was Jesus’ ancestor. Jesus comes from the lineage of King David, the second king of Israel. But what does it mean to say that Jesus is the Son of David? Why was this apart of God’s message to Mary as she was told that she would be the mother of the Messiah?
If you trace Jesus’ blood line through His mother, Mary, you see that He is the descendant of King David. If you trace His legal line through His adoptive father, Joseph, you see that Jesus is a descendent of King David.
This is something spelled out carefully for us in early chapters of Matthew and Luke, but why does it matter?
Jesus comes from the lineage of King David, the second king of Israel. But what does it mean to say that Jesus is the Son of David? Why was this apart of God’s message to Mary as she was told that she would be the mother of the Messiah?
What does it mean to say that Jesus is the Son of David? Why was this apart of God’s message to Mary as she was told that she would be the mother of the Messiah? Why do we find this phrase on the lips of people throughout the gospels? Why do we find “Son of David” as a descriptor for Jesus throughout the NT?
That’s what we want to think about this morning as we think about two PASSAGES of Scripture in particular.
When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your offspring after you, who shall come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity, I will discipline him with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men, but my steadfast love will not depart from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you. And your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me. Your throne shall be established forever.’ ”
You have said, “I have made a covenant with my chosen one; I have sworn to David my servant: ‘I will establish your offspring forever, and build your throne for all generations.’ ” Selah
A Psalm of David. The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.” The Lord sends forth from Zion your mighty scepter. Rule in the midst of your enemies! Your people will offer themselves freely on the day of your power, in holy garments; from the womb of the morning, the dew of your youth will be yours. The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind, “You are a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.” The Lord is at your right hand; he will shatter kings on the day of his wrath. He will execute judgment among the nations, filling them with corpses; he will shatter chiefs over the wide earth. He will drink from the brook by the way; therefore he will lift up his head.
A Song of Ascents. Remember, O Lord, in David’s favor, all the hardships he endured, how he swore to the Lord and vowed to the Mighty One of Jacob, “I will not enter my house or get into my bed, I will not give sleep to my eyes or slumber to my eyelids, until I find a place for the Lord, a dwelling place for the Mighty One of Jacob.” Behold, we heard of it in Ephrathah; we found it in the fields of Jaar. “Let us go to his dwelling place; let us worship at his footstool!” Arise, O Lord, and go to your resting place, you and the ark of your might. Let your priests be clothed with righteousness, and let your saints shout for joy. For the sake of your servant David, do not turn away the face of your anointed one. The Lord swore to David a sure oath from which he will not turn back: “One of the sons of your body I will set on your throne. If your sons keep my covenant and my testimonies that I shall teach them, their sons also forever shall sit on your throne.” For the Lord has chosen Zion; he has desired it for his dwelling place: “This is my resting place forever; here I will dwell, for I have desired it. I will abundantly bless her provisions; I will satisfy her poor with bread. Her priests I will clothe with salvation, and her saints will shout for joy. There I will make a horn to sprout for David; I have prepared a lamp for my anointed. His enemies I will clothe with shame, but on him his crown will shine.”
For to us a child is born, to us a son is given; and the government shall be upon his shoulder, and his name shall be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and of peace there will be no end, on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish it and to uphold it with justice and with righteousness from this time forth and forevermore. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will do this.
Incline your ear, and come to me; hear, that your soul may live; and I will make with you an everlasting covenant, my steadfast, sure love for David. Behold, I made him a witness to the peoples, a leader and commander for the peoples.
“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and he shall reign as king and deal wisely, and shall execute justice and righteousness in the land.
But before we go further let’s pray.
And I will set up over them one shepherd, my servant David, and he shall feed them: he shall feed them and be their shepherd.
And as Jesus taught in the temple, he said, “How can the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David? David himself, in the Holy Spirit, declared, “ ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet.” ’ David himself calls him Lord. So how is he his son?” And the great throng heard him gladly.
Referring to
Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God, which he promised beforehand through his prophets in the holy Scriptures, concerning his Son, who was descended from David according to the flesh and was declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,
Remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead, the offspring of David, as preached in my gospel,
and Ram the father of Amminadab, and Amminadab the father of Nahshon, and Nahshon the father of Salmon,
But as he considered these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not fear to take Mary as your wife, for that which is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.
And all the people were amazed, and said, “Can this be the Son of David?”
And behold, a Canaanite woman from that region came out and was crying, “Have mercy on me, O Lord, Son of David; my daughter is severely oppressed by a demon.”
And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!” And many rebuked him, telling him to be silent. But he cried out all the more, “Son of David, have mercy on me!”
Mark 10:47-48
[Prayer]
And the crowds that went before him and that followed him were shouting, “Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!”
But when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children crying out in the temple, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” they were indignant,
Major Ideas
Major Ideas
where the angel says that Jesus will be given the throne of His father David forever, and of His kingdom there will be no end
Jesus the fulfillment of the Davidic Covenant in
the history of kings in Israel
David the king after God’s own heart
God’s promise to David in
not Solomon because Solomon can’t sit on the throne forever; he died
though Jesus died, He rose from the dead and was seated at the right hand of God; on the throne of Israel forever
No doubt that Jesus was a physical descendant of David (, ), but it seems that some people in Jesus day just looking for a physical descendant of David. Jesus, however, tried to help them see that the Son of David would be much more than just a physical descendant. In , He pointed them to by asking...
And as Jesus taught in the temple, he said, “How can the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David? David himself, in the Holy Spirit, declared, “ ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet.” ’ David himself calls him Lord. So how is he his son?” And the great throng heard him gladly.
Answer Jesus’ question in
Look a bit more into what it means for Jesus to be the Son of David according to
exp, illus, app
exp, illus, app
Conclusion - What difference does it make in your life that Jesus is the Son of David?
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Passage #1: Turn with me to …
Passage #1: Turn with me to …
King David wanted to build God a house, but God said no and instead promised to build David a house. Not a literal house of stone or wood, but a royal house that would have no end. God said to David in ...
When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your offspring after you, who shall come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build a house for my name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity, I will discipline him with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men, but my steadfast love will not depart from him, as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you. And your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me. Your throne shall be established forever.’ ”
In this passage, God is promising David more than just a son who will reign in David’s place when David dies. He is promising David a Son who will reign as King of Israel forever. That word forever is used one in v. 13 and twice in v. 16. God didn’t make a mistake. He didn’t misspeak. He promised David that an offspring would come from his body and rule forever.
We go through the list of Israel and then Judah’s kings and see that they all had birthdays and death-days. None of them ruled forever. None of them were the fulfillment of the promise God made to David in .
But Jesus is the fulfillment of that promise.
Listen to what Gabriel says to Mary in and you’ll hear the same sort of language that God used when He made His promise to David in . says...
And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”
Whether you believe it or not, God’s Word says that Jesus is the fulfillment of God’s promise to David in .
He is the fulfillment of ...
You have said, “I have made a covenant with my chosen one; I have sworn to David my servant: ‘I will establish your offspring forever, and build your throne for all generations.’ ” Selah
He is the fulfillment of ...
For to us a child is born, to us a son is given; and the government shall be upon his shoulder, and his name shall be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and of peace there will be no end, on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish it and to uphold it with justice and with righteousness from this time forth and forevermore. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will do this.
This what Paul, inspired by the Holy Spirit, declares in the opening verses of his letter to the Romans...
Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God, which he promised beforehand through his prophets in the holy Scriptures, concerning his Son, who was descended from David according to the flesh and was declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,
It’s what Paul also declares to Timothy and to us, when he writes in ...
Remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead, the offspring of David, as preached in my gospel,
But although Jesus is the Son of David—the One promised by God and eagerly expected by the people—the people in Jesus’ day didn’t fully grasp who the Son of David would be or what He would do.
Jesus tried to broaden their mind in Mark 12:35-37.
Passage #2: Turn with me to ...
Passage #2: Turn with me to ...
Mark has this great section in his gospel—a section were the religious leaders are trying to trap Jesus with crafty questions. Jesus, of course, skewers the religious leaders with questions and answers of His own.
They asked, “By what authority are you doing these things, or who gave you this authority to do them?” ()
Jesus agreed to answer their question if they could answer His, “Was the baptism of John from heaven or from man?” ()
If they said, “From Heaven,” Jesus would have said, “Then why didn’t you listen to him.”
If they said, “From man,” then the people who held John the Baptist to be a prophet from God would’ve turned on them.
The religious leaders were stuck, so they said nothing.
They asked, “Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?” ()
Jesus looked at a denarius and asked, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” They said, “Caesar’s.” ()
Jesus said, “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.”
The people marveled, and the religious leaders were frustrated once again.
They also asked a ridiculous question about marriage in Heaven ().
Jesus told them they asked such silly questions because they didn’t know the Scriptures or the power of God ().
Life after death is real, Jesus said, but people won’t marry or be given in marriage in Heaven ().
He cut to the point in when He told them, “You are quite wrong.” And once again they were silenced.
Once again, they were silenced.
They went on to ask which of the commandments was most important ().
Jesus answered, “…love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength… love your neighbor as yourself,” ().
One of the scribes elaborated upon Jesus’ answer, so well in fact, that Jesus told him, “You are not far from the Kingdom of God,” ().
They were the ones who usually judged answers as correct or incorrect, but now Jesus was judging their answers.
Eventually, when they saw that Jesus couldn’t be trapped by their questions and could answer all their questions well, they decided not to ask Him anymore questions.
Eventually, when they saw that Jesus couldn’t be trapped by their questions and could answer all their questions well, they decided not to ask Him anymore questions.
At the end of , the Bible says, “…no one dared to ask Him any more questions.”
But here in —following all their questions—Jesus has a question of His own...
And as Jesus taught in the temple, he said, “How can the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David? David himself, in the Holy Spirit, declared, “ ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet.” ’ David himself calls him Lord. So how is he his son?” And the great throng heard him gladly.
Jesus is trying to expand the way the Jewish people in His day thought about the Christ, the Son of David, the One promised in , , , and .
He is not denying that the Christ, the Messiah, that He Himself was a physical descendent of King David. But He is saying that as the Christ, He is much more than just a physical descendent of King David; much more than just a human king conquering human enemies.
The Jewish people in Jesus’ day were looking for a warrior king like David, one who would conquer the enemies they thought should be conquered and deliver God’s people in the way they thought God’s people should be delivered.
But Jesus, the Son of David, would be much more than they could ask for or imagine.
King David won for himself great power, but He didn’t sit at the LORD’s right hand. King David conquered many enemies, but not all of his enemies were put under his feet. The Christ would be a descendent of David. He would be the ultimate fulfillment of God’s covenant with David, but He surpassed David.
King David won for himself great power, but He didn’t sit at the LORD’s right hand. King David conquered many enemies, but not all of his enemies were put under his feet. The Christ would be a descendent of David. He would be the ultimate fulfillment of God’s covenant with David, but He surpassed David.
King David knew that the Christ, the Son of David, surpassed him in greatness. That’s why King David called King Jesus Lord in .
The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”
When you call someone Lord you admit that he is greater. You admit that you are lower no matter how great you are.
Jesus said that, of those born of women there was none greater than John the Baptist. And yet John said that he was not worthy to untie Jesus’ sandals. He said that Jesus must increase while he decreased.
Likewise, David was great; the greatest king of Israel; the one all other faithful kings of Israel and Judah were compared to. And yet David would have said the same thing about Jesus that John the Baptist said. David was not worthy to untie Jesus’ sandals. Jesus, the Christ, the Son of David, must increase in the hearts of God’s people, and David must decrease.
We should remember how great David was—slayer of bears, lions, and Goliaths; a mighty warrior in battle; the subject of songs of victory before he was even king; he was a poet; the greatest king in the history of Israel; a man after God’s own heart.
I was reading in Nehemiah this past week in the place were the people of God, after having reconstructed the temple of God and the wall of Jerusalem, were reading the history of God’s gracious interaction with them. In that history David is mentioned twice and each time his name is followed with this description “the man of God” (, ). He’s also called “David, the man of God” in .
David’s greatness is not something we’ve dreamed up. Scripture testifies to his greatness repeatedly! But it is this great King David, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, who sees the LORD (i.e., YAHWEH) say to David’s Lord (his Adonai), “Sit at my right hand, until I put your enemies under your feet,” ().
The great King David looks at his Lord, the coming Christ who has come in Jesus of Nazareth, and says in effect, “That’s my Lord! I am nothing compared to Him! He is greater!”
If we just look at , which is quoted from , we see that Jesus, the Son of David, is greater than David because...
If we just look at , which is quoted from , we see that Jesus, the Son of David, is greater than David because...
…Jesus, the Son of David, is greater than David in relationship to God.
David was a man after God’s own heart, but Jesus was God the Son in the flesh; One with the Father. That’s why David prophetically reports that YAHWEH says to Him in eternity, “Sit at my right hand...”
…Jesus, the Son of David, is greater than David in authority over kingdom.
David was king over an earthly kingdom, but Jesus is at the right hand of the Father. He is King over an everlasting Kingdom, and He has all authority in Heaven and on earth.
…Jesus, the Son of David, is greater than David in victory over enemies.
David had many enemies during his life; enemies inside Israel and out; enemies inside his own family and out; enemies inside himself. Many of his enemies fell before him, but when David died, he still had enemies.
Jesus had enemies too; none within Himself, but enemies inside Israel and out; even inside His own home until His mother and brothers came to understand who He really was.
When David died, he still had enemies. But Jesus who has died and risen from the dead, will never die again and all his enemies will be placed under His feet.
Jesus died just like David died and when Jesus died He still had enemies too, but (and here’s the key difference) Jesus rose from the dead and will never die again.
who has died and risen from the dead, will never die again and all his enemies will be placed under His feet.
And literally all His enemies will be placed under His feet.
But this, of course, raises the question, “Who are the enemies of Jesus?”
In the context of , which Jesus quotes here in , its the Gentiles.
Typically when God’s people thought of Gentiles, they thought of ethnicity. They thought of a Gentile as someone who was not Jewish by birth and therefore didn’t belong to the people of God. The word gentile is surely used in that way in Scripture.
But ultimately a Gentile is one who doesn’t believe in the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and oppresses the people of God.
The Jewish people in Jesus’ day surely thought of their own situation like this. They thought of themselves as oppressed by the unbelieving Romans as they recited in worship.
And they thought that when the Son of David came, that would be the end of the great enemy of God’s people—Rome.
Jesus, however, was sent to defeat the greatest enemies of God’s people—the enemies of sin and death.
Oppressive regimes come and go. Babylon, Medo-Persia, Greece, and Rome—all once great powers, now nothing more than interesting history.
Such is the way with all human kingdoms. None of them are eternal. Thus, none of them are the real threat to the people of God.
The real threat is sin and death because sin separates from God and if we pass into eternity separated from God, we will be passing into eternal condemnation, the eternal wrath of God.
Jesus’ death and resurrection, however, payed the price for sin and defeated death for God’s people.
Notice that I didn’t say that Jesus, the Son of David, paid for everyone’s sins. Notice that I didn’t say that He defeated death for everyone.
He paid for the sin of God’s people.
He defeated death for God’s people.
Do you belong to God’s people?
Conclusion
Conclusion
Here’s the real pressing question this morning, Do you belong to God’s people?
Now, you can’t just claim to belong to God’s people and it be true. It doesn’t work like that.
It’s those who believe who are God’s people. Just as Abraham believed and it was counted to him as righteousness, so we must believe what God says in His Word concerning Jesus and our belief will be counted to us as righteousness as well.
We must believe that Jesus is...
…the Savior.
…the Founder and Protector of our salvation.
…the Chosen One of God.
…the Christ of God.
…the Firstborn, the Preeminent One of all creation.
…the LORD, YAHWEH in the flesh.
…the Holy One of God.
…the One and Only Son from the Father.
…the Son of David, King forever.
And so much more!
We must believe that God gave us the gift of eternal life when He gave us Jesus on that first Christmas morning.
He is the Son of David, born of a virgin, perfect in life, dead on a cross, resurrected from the grave, ascended to the right hand of the Father, and reigning over His Kingdom forevermore.
Again, this only important question this Christmas and every Christmas is, do you believe?
On
On
(ESV) The Son of David, the King will rule over His people (vv. 2-4)
(Mac) Jesus, the King (vv. 1-3)
(ESV) The Son of David, the King will reign over His enemies (vv. 5-7)
(Mac) Jesus, the High-Priest (vv. 4-7)