Gospel Security in Uncertain Times
I. The Gospel gives us security in our future (vv. 18-25)
The word for ‘eager expectation’ is apokaradokia, which is derived from kara, the head. It means ‘to wait with the head raised, and the eye fixed on that point of the horizon from which the expected object is to come’. It depicts somebody standing ‘on tiptoe’ (JBP) or ‘stretching the neck, craning forward’ in order to be able to see.
It means ‘emptiness, futility, purposelessness, transitoriness’ (BAGD). The basic idea is emptiness, whether of purpose or of result.
First, we … have the firstfruits of the Spirit (23a). Aparchē, the firstfruits, was both the beginning of the harvest and the pledge that the full harvest would follow in due time. Perhaps Paul had in mind that the Feast of Weeks, which celebrated the reaping of the firstfruits, was the very festival (called in Greek ‘Pentecost’) on which the Spirit had been given. Replacing this agricultural metaphor with a commercial one, Paul also described the gift of the Spirit as God’s arrabōn, the ‘first instalment, deposit, down payment, pledge’ (BAGD), which guaranteed the future completion of the purchase.114 Although we have not yet received our final adoption or redemption, we have already received the Spirit as both foretaste and promise of these blessings.
II. The Gospel gives us security in our salvation (vv. 26-30)
First, ‘the Spirit helps us’ (because of our weakly, half-saved situation); secondly, ‘the Spirit intercedes for us’ (because of our ignorance of what to pray for); and thirdly, ‘the Spirit intercedes according to God’s will’ (and therefore God listens and responds).
Prayer is in itself an essentially trinitarian exercise. It is access to the Father through the Son and by the Spirit. The inspiration of the Spirit is just as necessary for our prayers as the mediation of the Son. We can approach the Father only through the Son and only by the Spirit.
We do not always understand what God is doing, let alone welcome it. Nor are we told that he is at work for our comfort. But we know that in all things he is working towards our supreme good.
Foreknowledge is ‘sovereign, distinguishing love’.
In the simplest possible terms, God’s eternal purpose for his people is that we should become like Jesus.
III. The Gospel gives us security in our sufferings (vv. 31-39)
Our conscience accuses us. The devil never ceases to press charges against us, for his title diabolos means ‘slanderer’ or ‘calumniator’, and he is called ‘the accuser of the brothers’. In addition, we doubtless have human enemies who delight to point an accusing finger at us.
In giving his Son he gave everything. The cross is the guarantee of the continuing, unfailing generosity of God.
The word for ‘eager expectation’ is apokaradokia, which is derived from kara, the head. It means ‘to wait with the head raised, and the eye fixed on that point of the horizon from which the expected object is to come’. It depicts somebody standing ‘on tiptoe’ (JBP) or ‘stretching the neck, craning forward’ in order to be able to see.
It means ‘emptiness, futility, purposelessness, transitoriness’ (BAGD). The basic idea is emptiness, whether of purpose or of result.
He spoke of false teachers, wars, famines and earthquakes as ‘the beginning of birth-pains’ (NIV) or ‘the first birth-pangs of the new age’ (REB), that is, preliminary signs of his coming.
First, we … have the firstfruits of the Spirit (23a). Aparchē, the firstfruits, was both the beginning of the harvest and the pledge that the full harvest would follow in due time. Perhaps Paul had in mind that the Feast of Weeks, which celebrated the reaping of the firstfruits, was the very festival (called in Greek ‘Pentecost’) on which the Spirit had been given. Replacing this agricultural metaphor with a commercial one, Paul also described the gift of the Spirit as God’s arrabōn, the ‘first instalment, deposit, down payment, pledge’ (BAGD), which guaranteed the future completion of the purchase.114 Although we have not yet received our final adoption or redemption, we have already received the Spirit as both foretaste and promise of these blessings.
Prayer is in itself an essentially trinitarian exercise. It is access to the Father through the Son and by the Spirit. The inspiration of the Spirit is just as necessary for our prayers as the mediation of the Son. We can approach the Father only through the Son and only by the Spirit.
Thus ‘the children of God have two divine intercessors’, writes John Murray. ‘Christ is their intercessor in the court of heaven …,’ while ‘the Holy Spirit is their intercessor in the theatre of their own hearts.’
It is truly amazing that, having written of the groaning creation and of the groaning church, Paul should now write of the groaning Spirit.
First, ‘the Spirit helps us’ (because of our weakly, half-saved situation); secondly, ‘the Spirit intercedes for us’ (because of our ignorance of what to pray for); and thirdly, ‘the Spirit intercedes according to God’s will’ (and therefore God listens and responds).
We do not always understand what God is doing, let alone welcome it. Nor are we told that he is at work for our comfort. But we know that in all things he is working towards our supreme good.
Foreknowledge is ‘sovereign, distinguishing love’.
So the doctrine of divine predestination promotes humility, not arrogance; assurance, not apprehension; responsibility, not apathy; holiness, not complacency; and mission, not privilege. This is not to claim that there are no problems, but to indicate that they are more intellectual than pastoral
In the simplest possible terms, God’s eternal purpose for his people is that we should become like Jesus.
Here then is the apostle’s series of five undeniable affirmations. God is pictured as moving irresistibly from stage to stage; from an eternal foreknowledge and predestination, through a historical call and justification, to a final glorification of his people in a future eternity. It resembles a chain of five links, each of which is unbreakable.
He challenges anybody and everybody, in heaven, earth or hell, to answer them and to deny the truth which they contain. But there is no answer. For no-one and nothing can harm the people whom God has foreknown, predestined, called, justified and glorified.
In giving his Son he gave everything. The cross is the guarantee of the continuing, unfailing generosity of God.
Our conscience accuses us. The devil never ceases to press charges against us, for his title diabolos means ‘slanderer’ or ‘calumniator’, and he is called ‘the accuser of the brothers’. In addition, we doubtless have human enemies who delight to point an accusing finger at us.
In order to enforce this, the apostle quotes from a psalm, which depicts the persecution of Israel by the nations. They were not suffering because they had forgotten Yahweh or turned to a foreign god. Instead, they were suffering for Yahweh’s sake, because of their very loyalty to him:
Paul seems to be saying that, since Christ proved his love for us by his sufferings, so our sufferings cannot possibly separate us from it.
Paul now reaches his climax. He began with we know (28); he ends more personally with I am convinced. He deliberately uses the perfect tense (pepeismai), meaning, ‘I have become and I remain convinced’,
Here then are five convictions about God’s providence (28), five affirmations about his purpose (29, 30) and five questions about his love (31–39), which together bring us fifteen assurances about him. We urgently need them today, since nothing seems stable in our world any longer. Insecurity is written across all human experience. Christian people, are not guaranteed immunity to temptation, tribulation or tragedy, but we are promised victory over them. God’s pledge is not that suffering will never afflict us, but that it will never separate us from his love.
This is the love of God which was supremely displayed in the cross (5:8; 8:32, 37), which has been poured into our hearts by the Holy Spirit (5:5), which has drawn out from us our responsive love (8:28), and which in its essential steadfastness will never let us go, since it is committed to bringing us safe home to glory in the end (8:35, 39). Our confidence is not in our love for him, which is frail, fickle and faltering, but in his love for us, which is steadfast, faithful and persevering. The doctrine of ‘the perseverance of the saints’ needs to be re-named. It is the doctrine of the perseverance of God with the saints.