The Basis for our Justification - Romans 5:12-21
Notes
Transcript
Introduction
Introduction
The Bible Exposition Commentary Chapter Four: Live like a King! (Romans 5)
Since Romans is a book of logic, it is a book of “therefores.” We have the “therefore” of condemnation in Romans 3:20, justification in Romans 5:1, no condemnation in Romans 8:1, and dedication in Romans 12:1. In presenting his case, Paul has proved that the whole world is guilty before God, and that no one can be saved by religious deeds, such as keeping the Law. He has explained that God’s way of salvation has always been “by grace, through faith” (Eph. 2:8–9), and he has used Abraham as his illustration. If a reader of the letter stopped at this point, he would know that he needed to and could be saved.
But there is much more the sinner needs to know about justification by faith. Can he be sure that it will last? How is it possible for God to save a sinner through the death of Christ on the cross? Romans 5 is Paul’s explanation of the last two words in Romans 4: “our justification.” He explained two basic truths: the blessings of our justification (Rom. 5:1–11), and the basis for our justification (Rom. 5:12–21).
“In Adam” vs “In Christ”
Their actions and affect on Humanity.
We will leave this sermon with a choice to make.
Fallen in Adam (vs. 12-14)
Fallen in Adam (vs. 12-14)
Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned— for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law. Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
Sin affects Humanity (vs 12-13)
Sin affects Humanity (vs 12-13)
Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned— for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law.
sin (personification) n. — sin personified as a destructive and depraved principle reigning over unbelievers and persisting in believers; especially as a slavemaster doling out payment with the currency of death and decay.
death (event) n. — the event of dying or departure from life.
Death reigned (vs 14a)
Death reigned (vs 14a)
Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
to reign as king v. — to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
Their trespass is not the same as
Adam is a type of Christ (vs 14b)
Adam is a type of Christ (vs 14b)
Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
archetype n. — an example that prefigures or foreshadows what is to come; understood as a container into which liquid is poured to create a given shape when it hardens.
an archetype serving as a model, type, pattern, model (Pla., Rep. 379a περὶ θεολογίας)
ⓐ technically design, pattern (Diod S 14, 41, 4) Ac 7:44; Hb 8:5 (cp. on both Ex 25:40).
ⓑ in the moral life example, pattern (OGI 383, 212 [I B.C.] τ. εὐσεβείας; SibOr 1, 380; Did., Gen. 125, 27; in a pejorative sense 4 Macc 6:19 ἀσεβείας τύπ.) τύπος γίνου τῶν πιστῶν 1 Ti 4:12.—Phil 3:17; 1 Th 1:7; 2 Th 3:9; Tit 2:7; 1 Pt 5:3; IMg 6:2.—S. ESelwyn, 1 Pt ’46, 298f.
ⓒ of the types given by God as an indication of the future, in the form of persons or things (cp. Philo, Op. M. 157; Iren. 1, 6, 4 [Harv. I 74, 3]); of Adam: τύπος τοῦ μέλλοντος (Ἀδάμ) a type of the Adam to come (i.e. of Christ) Ro 5:14.
So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power. It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body. Thus it is written, “The first man Adam became a living being”; the last Adam became a life-giving spirit. But it is not the spiritual that is first but the natural, and then the spiritual. The first man was from the earth, a man of dust; the second man is from heaven. As was the man of dust, so also are those who are of the dust, and as is the man of heaven, so also are those who are of heaven. Just as we have borne the image of the man of dust, we shall also bear the image of the man of heaven.
Gift vs. Trespass (vs. 15-19)
Gift vs. Trespass (vs. 15-19)
But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many.
Gift is not like the trespass
One Man
One 11X in vs 15-19
Compare the actions and results of these men.
“In Adam” , “In Christ”
The effect and results are different
Application is different (by Birth and by Faith)
Compare the gift with the trespass
But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many.
“In Adam” - death
to die v. — to pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life.
Death came to all men through Sin (vs. 12)
“In Christ” - Grace of God and free gift
to abound v. — to be abundant or plentiful; exist in large quantities.
And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification.
“In Adam” - Judgment/Condemnation
legal decision n. — the official decision of a court on issues of fact or law.
condemnation n. — a legal decision of guilty in a criminal case; often with the ensuing punishment understood.
“In Christ” - Justification
justifying n. — the act of declaring a verdict that someone is in full accordance with the requirements of the law (of God).
For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
“In Adam” - Death Reigned
to reign as king v. — to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
sin (personification) n. — sin personified as a destructive and depraved principle reigning over unbelievers and persisting in believers; especially as a slavemaster doling out payment with the currency of death and decay.
“In Adam” - we are imprisoned to Sin.
“In Christ” - We reign in Life.
Not all humanity, but those “who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness”
to reign as king v. — to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
Added Note - 5X in vs. 15-21
Sin/Death - “Reigned” (PAST)
Grace - “Reign” (PRESENT)
Those “in Christ” Death’s reign in Past tense, Grace reigns Present.
Those “In Adam” Death’s reign is Present.
Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
“In Adam” - Condemnation
“In Christ” - Justification and Life
For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
“In Adam” - Made Sinners
“In Christ” - Made Righteous
Chart of “In Adam” and “In Christ”
Chart of “In Adam” and “In Christ”
“In Adam” - Death (15), Judgment/Condemnation (16), Death Reigned (17), Condemnation (18), Made Sinners (19).
“In Adam” - Death (15), Judgment/Condemnation (16), Death Reigned (17), Condemnation (18), Made Sinners (19).
“In Christ” - Free gift of Grace (15), Justification (16), Reign in Life (17), Justification (18), Righteousness (19).
“In Christ” - Free gift of Grace (15), Justification (16), Reign in Life (17), Justification (18), Righteousness (19).
Gospel - We are all born “In Adam”, We become “In Christ” by receiving the free gift of God’s grace through Jesus Christ by faith.
Do you want to remain “in Adam” or be “In Christ”?
Law vs. Grace (vs. 20-21)
Law vs. Grace (vs. 20-21)
Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more, so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also might reign through righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Law increased the sins of Humanity
(vs. 20) sin (guilt) n. — estrangement from god.
What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. For I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.” But sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of covetousness. For apart from the law, sin lies dead.
(vs 21) - Sin reigns in death
sin (personification) n. — sin personified as a destructive and depraved principle reigning over unbelievers and persisting in believers; especially as a slavemaster doling out payment with the currency of death and decay.
(vs. 20) Grace abounds all the More.
to abound beyond v. — to be or become numerous or abundant in a degree greater than normal or than something else.
Reign through righteousness to eternal life
Final Question Do you want to remain “in Adam” or be “In Christ”?
Final Question Do you want to remain “in Adam” or be “In Christ”?