Exodus: From Slavery to Sonship

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Introduction to our study in the book of Exodus

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Key Verse: Exodus 15:13

Exodus 15:13 NASB95
“In Your lovingkindness You have led the people whom You have redeemed; In Your strength You have guided them to Your holy habitation.
Gleanings in Exodus Chapter 1: Introduction

In proof of what we have just said we would refer the reader to Exodus 15:13, which we regard as the key verse to the book, “Thou in Thy mercy hast led forth the people which Thou hast redeemed: Thou hast guided them in Thy strength unto Thy holy habitation.” Note that here we have the need for redemption implied—God’s “mercy”; the power of the Redeemer is referred to—His “strength”; the character of redemption is described—“led forth the people”; the responsibilities of the redeemed and their privileges are signified in a reference to the tabernacle—“unto Thy holy habitation.”

Introduction

Title in the Hebrew Scriptures “And these are the names
This is a throw back to Genesis. Actually, many believe and I as well, Genesis and Exodus are more closely related that we think.
Author: Moses

Outline

Exodus of Israel from Egypt (1:1-18:27)
Israel in Egypt (1-2)
Call of Moses (3-4)
Moses and Aaron: initial request (5-7)
Plagues and Exodus (7-15)
Journey to Sinai (15-18)
Covenant at Sinai (19-40)
Sinai (19)
Covenant words and rules (20-23)
Covenant confirmed (24)
Instructions for the tabernacle (25-31)
Ark of the covenant, table of show bread, Golden Lampstand, Tent of the tabernacle, Bronze altar, the Courtyard, Lamps and oil, Garments for priest, Altar of incense, Bronze basin, Anointing oils and incense.
Moses receives the tablets (31)
Covenant breach, intercession, and renewal (32-34)
Tabernacle: preparation for the presence (35-40)

Key Theme

Genesis: Historical, beginnings. Doctrinal, Election.
Exodus:
Historical, deliverance of Israel from Egypt.
Doctrinal, Redemption.
Gleanings in Exodus Chapter 1: Introduction

With some books of the Bible we can more readily discover the central theme than in others. This is noticeably the case with the first few books in the Old Testament. It is as though God had made it easier at the beginning so as to encourage us and prepare the way for some of the more complex books that follow—complex so far as their leading subjects are concerned. Historically considered, the book of Genesis is the book of beginnings; but viewed doctrinally, it is seen to be the book which treats of election:—God choosing Shem from the three sons of Noah to be the channel from which should issue, ultimately, the Savior; God singling Out Abraham to be the father of the chosen Nation; God passing by Ishmael and choosing Isaac; God passing by Esau and choosing Jacob; God appointing Joseph from all the twelve sons of his father to be the honored instrument for making provision against the famine, and being raised to the second place in all Egypt; finally, in the passing by of the elder of Joseph’s sons and the bestowal of the firstborn’s portion on Ephraim (48:13–20) we behold another illustration of the same principle. Yes, election is clearly the characteristic doctrine of Genesis. And this is exactly what we might expect. “God hath from the beginning chosen you unto salvation” (2 Thess. 2:13), hence this truth is illustrated again and again in this book which begins the Scriptures. Just as surely may we anticipate—in the light of the New Testament—the dominant theme of Exodus.

Historically, the book of Exodus treats of the deliverance of Israel from Egypt; but viewed doctrinally, it deals with redemption. Just as the first book of the Bible teaches that God elects unto salvation, so the second instructs us how God saves, namely, by redemption. Redemption, then, is the dominant subject of Exodus. Following this, we are shown what we are redeemed for—worship, and this characterizes Leviticus, where we learn of the holy requirements of God and the gracious provisions He has made to meet these. In Numbers we have the walk and warfare of the wilderness, where we have a typical representation of our experiences as we pass through this scene of sin and trial—our repeated and excuseless failures, and God’s long-sufferance and faithfulness. And so we might continue.

Gleanings in Exodus Chapter 1: Introduction

Just as the first book of the Bible teaches that God elects unto salvation, so the second instructs us how God saves, namely, by redemption. Redemption, then, is the dominant subject of Exodus.

How is it that Exodus teaches us of Redemption? Typology
Gleanings in Exodus Chapter 1: Introduction

The central doctrine of the book of Exodus is redemption, but this is not formally expounded, rather is it strikingly illustrated, in earliest times, God, it would seem, did not communicate to His people an explicit and systematic form of doctrine; instead, He instructed them, mainly, through His providential dealings and by means of types and symbols.

How specific can we get with our observation of Topological connections? How do we know if something is actually typological? Hebrews 9:1-5, Hebrews 9:23-24
Gleanings in Exodus Chapter 1: Introduction

Thus it will be found that almost everything in this second book of the Bible has a spiritual message and application to us.

Possible Typological Connections

The signs or plagues - Plague #1 Water into Blood.
Night of Passover
Water baptism through the Red Sea. 1 Corinthians 10:1-5
The Tabernacle. Heb 9

Food for thought

Remember as we went through the series on Covenant theology the question was leveled to us, “Who are the people of God?”. There is a people designated as ISRAEL that God has covenanted with prior to the Mosaic covenant entered into later in Exodus. It is on the basis of this prior covenant with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob that God delivers them out of bondage in Egypt.
There is a people designated “Israel” prior to the Mosaic covenant.
God has entered into covenant with them prior to the Mosaic covenant.
God works a mighty deliverance from slavery according to this prior covenant. Ex 2:23-24
Why is this important?
When did Israel start?
That which makes someone part of Israel is not their existing under the mosaic covenant. Many of the Jews, certainly the pharisees, thought of themselves as the people of God based on their connection to the Mosaic covenant and their keeping of the law given there. John 9 “We are disciples of Moses.”
The Abrahamic covenant is that covenant that carries in it the elements of redemption. The Mosaic covenant functions differently in God’s unfolding of things, and it does not carry in it the elements of the Abrahamic covenant by which you and I are redeem. Galatians 3:15-18
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