Sermon Tone Analysis

*Luke 13:31-35*

*That day some Pharisees came to [Jesus] and said, “Leave at once, and get away from here!

Herod intends to kill You.”*

*[Jesus] said to them, “Go and tell that fox, ‘Look, today and tomorrow I’m casting out demons and healing people, and the third day I will reach My destination.’

Even so, I must move ahead today and tomorrow and the day after.

How unthinkable that a prophet should die anywhere but in Jerusalem!*

*“O Jerusalem, Jerusalem!

You who have killed the prophets and stoned those who were sent to you!

How often I would have gathered your children, as a hen gathers her brood under her wings – and you refused!

Look!

Your house will be left desolate.

I tell the truth, you will not see Me anymore until you say, ‘Blessed is the One who comes in the name of the Lord!”*

* *

 

*            *As I mentioned in our last lesson, Jesus dealt with several recurring themes as He taught through this part of His ministry.

Our text for today highlights Jesus’ recurring theme that the religious leadership of Israel has turned against God because of their preoccupation with their own status.

He says, in *Luke 13:34*:

*“O Jerusalem, Jerusalem!

You who have killed the prophets and stoned those who were sent to you!

How often I would have gathered your children, as a hen gathers her brood under her wings-and you refused!”*

Why would the leaders of Israel have done this?

What would be their logic in killing the prophets, the men sent from God to educate them to the truth?

The intellectual foundation for this heresy was laid with the division of the Kingdom of Israel after the death of King David’s son, King Solomon.

Rehoboam, King David’s grandson and King Solomon’s son, became King of Israel.

Jeroboam, who was a man of valor that served under Solomon, rebelled against Rehoboam, and took political control of the ten northern tribes of Israel away him, making them into an independent nation under his leadership, called Israel.

The two southern tribes that did not follow Jeroboam, but remained under the leadership of Rehoboam, were known as Judah.

Unfortunately for Jeroboam, God’s Temple, the national seat of Israelite worship, was in Jerusalem, which is the capital of Judah, in the geographical territory that Rehoboam controlled.

*1Kings 12:26-31 *tells us Jeroboam’s reaction to this fact: \\ *26 **And Jeroboam said in his heart, “Now the kingdom may return to the house of David: \\ 27 **If these people go up to offer sacrifices in the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, then the heart of this people will turn back to their lord, Rehoboam king of Judah, and they will kill me and go back to Rehoboam king of Judah.”

\\ 28 **Therefore the king asked advice, made two calves of gold, and said to the people, “It is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem.

Here are your gods, O Israel, which brought you up from the land of Egypt!” \\ 29 **And he set up one in Bethel, and the other he put in Dan.

\\ 30 **Now this thing became a sin, for the people went to worship before the one as far as Dan.

\\ 31 **He made shrines on the high places, and made priests from every class of people, who were not of the sons of Levi.*

Idol worship in the land of Israel started because King Jeroboam was afraid that he would lose his influence over the people of Israel if they went to Jerusalem, which was in King Rehoboam’s territory, to worship God in the way that God ordained.

The worship of God was a secondary concern to King Jeroboam, as it was more important to him that he solidify his political kingdom than it was for him to maintain his allegiance to God.

Those in leadership positions need to recognize that they are actually in charge because of their placement in leadership by God, not in spite of God, and that they need to maintain their allegiance to God.

Of course, people in leadership positions are sinners, as are we all.

*Romans 3:23 *still says:* \\ 23 **for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,*

Leaders should not lead their people in opposition to God or His commandments because of fear of that which their followers might do if the leader applies the commandments, which was the case with Jeroboam, or simply because of their own sinful desire to do that which they want, which is the case with most leaders.

God may not strike the leader down immediately, but may allow the leader space to repent.

That is why God sent prophets.

The prophet’s job was to give the leader a message from God designed to convince the leader to humble himself and return to God’s program.

But prophets in Israel had mixed results.

Listen to an episode of two of the later kings of Israel and Judah, Ahab and Jehoshpahat, as they allied with one another to fight against Ramoth Gilead.

*2Chronicles 18:1-4* reads: \\ *1 **Jehoshaphat had riches and honor in abundance; and by marriage he allied himself with Ahab.

\\ 2 **After some years [Jehoshaphat] went down to visit Ahab in Samaria; and Ahab killed sheep and oxen in abundance for [Jehoshaphat] and the people who were with him, and persuaded [Jehoshaphat] to go up with him to Ramoth Gilead.

\\ 3 **So Ahab king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat king of Judah, “Will you go with me against Ramoth Gilead?”

And [Jehoshaphat] answered [Ahab], “I am as you are, and my people as your people; we will be with you in the war.”

\\ 4 **Also Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, “Please inquire for the word of the Lord today.”*

It was commonplace for kings to seek the counsel of the Lord through the prophets before undertaking military action.

*2Chronicles 18:5* continues: \\ *5 **Then the king of Israel gathered the prophets together, four hundred men, and said to them, “Shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I refrain?”

So they said, “Go up, for God will deliver it into the king’s hand.”

\\             *Israel was worshipping idols rather than the Lord, and the prophets that Ahab consulted were not called by God.

King Ahab appointed them.

*2Chronicles 18:6-8 *records:* \\ 6 **But Jehoshaphat said, “Is there not still a prophet of the Lord here, that we may inquire of Him?” \\ 7 **So the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “There is still one man by whom we may inquire of the Lord; but I hate him, because he never prophesies good concerning me, but always evil.

He is Micaiah the son of Imla.”

And Jehoshaphat said, “Let not the king say such things!”

\\ 8 **Then the king of Israel called one of his officers and said, “Bring Micaiah the son of Imla quickly!” \\             *Micaiah is the only prophet of God left in the court of Israel, as Ahab has killed the rest.

He never prophesies anything good concerning the one that opposes God, as Micaiah is there to tell Ahab that he is off track.

Jehoshaphat, however, still worships the Lord, and Jehoshaphat wants to hear that which the Lord has to say.

Ahab’s prophets know what Ahab wants to hear, and so they oblige.

*2Chronicles 18:9-12 *records: * \\ 9 **The king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah, clothed in their robes, sat each on his throne; and they sat at a threshing floor at the entrance of the gate of Samaria; and all the prophets prophesied before them.

\\ 10 **Now Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah had made horns of iron for himself; and he said, “Thus says the Lord: ‘With these you shall gore the Syrians until they are destroyed.’

” \\ 11 **And all the prophets prophesied so, saying, “Go up to Ramoth Gilead and prosper, for the Lord will deliver it into the king’s hand.”

\\ 12 **Then the messenger who had gone to call Micaiah spoke to him, saying, “Now listen, the words of the prophets with one accord encourage the king.

Therefore please let your word be like the word of one of them, and speak encouragement.”

\\             *However, the prophet of God is there to reveal the word of the Lord to Jehoshaphat and to Ahab, and he does so, in *2 Chronicles 18:13-27*: \\ *13 **And Micaiah said, “As the Lord lives, whatever my God says, that I will speak.”

\\ 14 **Then [Micaiah] came to the king; and the king said to him, “Micaiah, shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I refrain?”

And he said, “Go and prosper, and they shall be delivered into your hand!” \\ 15 **So the king said to [Micaiah], “How many times shall I make you swear that you tell me nothing but the truth in the name of the Lord?” \\ 16 **Then [Micaiah] said, “I saw all Israel scattered on the mountains, as sheep that have no shepherd.

And the Lord said, ‘These have no master.

Let each return to his house in peace.’

” \\ 17 **And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “Did I not tell you he would not prophesy good concerning me, but evil?” \\ 18 **Then Micaiah said, “Therefore hear the word of the Lord: I saw the Lord sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing on His right hand and His left.

\\ 19 **And the Lord said, ‘Who will persuade Ahab king of Israel to go up, that he may fall at Ramoth Gilead?’

So one spoke in this manner, and another spoke in that manner.

\\ 20 **Then a spirit came forward and stood before the Lord, and said, ‘I will persuade him.’

The Lord said to him, ‘In what way?’ \\ 21 **So he said, ‘I will go out and be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.’

And the Lord said, ‘You shall persuade him and also prevail; go out and do so.’

\\ 22 **Therefore look!

The Lord has put a lying spirit in the mouth of these prophets of yours, and the Lord has declared disaster against you.”

\\ 23 **Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah went near and struck Micaiah on the cheek, and said, “Which way did the spirit from the Lord go from me to speak to you?” \\ 24 **And Micaiah said, “Indeed you shall see on that day when you go into an inner chamber to hide!” \\ 25 **Then the king of Israel said, “Take Micaiah, and return him to Amon the governor of the city and to Joash the king’s son; \\ 26 **and say, ‘Thus says the king: “Put this fellow in prison, and feed him with bread of affliction and water of affliction, until I return in peace.”

’ ” \\ 27 **But Micaiah said, “If you ever return in peace, the Lord has not spoken by me.”

And he said, “Take heed, all you people!” \\ *            The Lord planned disaster for Ahab, and let Ahab know through the prophecy of Micaiah.

Did Ahab would heed the admonition of Micaiah and refrain from the battle?

Of course not.

Ahab thought that he had sufficient military power, especially with Jehoshaphat as an ally, to defeat Ramoth Gilead without the intervention of God.

Ahab did take precautions against being killed in the battle, but man’s preparation is not sufficient to thwart the power of God, as *2Chronicles 18:28-19:1 *records:* \\ 28 **So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah went up to Ramoth Gilead.

\\ 29 **And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into battle; but you put on your robes.”

So the king of Israel disguised himself, and they went into battle.

\\ 30 **Now the king of Syria had commanded the captains of the chariots who were with him, saying, “Fight with no one small or great, but only with the king of Israel.”

\\ 31 **So it was, when the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, that they said, “It is the king of Israel!” Therefore they surrounded him to attack; but Jehoshaphat cried out, and the Lord helped him, and God diverted them from him.

\\ 32 **For so it was, when the captains of the chariots saw that it was not the king of Israel, that they turned back from pursuing him.

\\ 33 **Now a certain man drew a bow at random, and struck the king of Israel between the joints of his armor.

So he said to the driver of his chariot, “Turn around and take me out of the battle, for I am wounded.”

\\ 34 **The battle increased that day, and the king of Israel propped himself up in his chariot facing the Syrians until evening; and about the time of sunset he died.

\\ 1 **Then Jehoshaphat the king of Judah returned safely to his house in Jerusalem.

\\             *The example of Ahab did not persuade Israel and Judah to follow God, Eventually, both Israel and Judah became secular kingdoms under the leadership of corrupt kings, and all twelve of the tribes of Israel turned away from God. God allowed the Assyrians to carry the ten northern tribes into captivity in 721 BC, and then God allowed Babylon, under the leadership of Nebuchnezzar, to carry two southern tribes into captivity in 576 BC.

Of course, the Israelite leaders at the time of Jesus were aware of this history, but their sinful nature convinced them that the worship of God was predominately geographical and ceremonial.

Unlike Jeroboam, the scribes and Pharisees worshipped in the temple in Jerusalem, so a geographical problem did not exist.

The scribes and Pharisees also majored in keeping up with the minutiae of the ceremonial law, the various rituals and ceremonies distinctive to Judaism.

Their preoccupation with the minutiae was so great that they could not see the bigger picture, so much so that they failed to understand the works that Jesus did and acknowledge Jesus as the Messiah.

Listen to that which the Old Testament prophesies about the Messiah, in several passages of Scripture, beginning with *Malachi 4:2*: * \\ 2 **But to you who fear My name The Sun of Righteousness shall arise with healing in His wings; And you shall go out and grow fat like stall-fed calves.*

*Psalm 103:2-3 *says: \\ *2 **Bless the Lord, O my soul, And forget not all His benefits: \\ 3 **Who forgives all your iniquities, Who heals all your diseases,*

*Psalm 147:2-3 *says: * \\ 2 **The Lord builds up Jerusalem; He gathers together the outcasts of Israel.