Suffering Servant
Notes
Transcript
Handout
Introduction
Introduction
Review
In Genesis 3:15
He is Seed of the Woman
He will Crush the head of the serpent and redeem mankind.
In Genesis 12:1-3
He is of the line of Abraham
He will bring a blessing to all families of the world.
In Genesis 49:8-12
He will be from the tribe of Judah.
He will be a ruler with authority.
In Deut 18:15-22
Messiah will be a Prophet proclaiming the words of God.
We are to listen to Him
In Psalm 110
Messiah will be a Priest in the order of Melchizedek.
He will be the Mediator between God and Man.
In 2 Sam 7:1-16
Messiah will be an eternal King in the line of David.
He will rule in God’s eternal Kingdom.
Text
Isaiah 52:13-53:12 - Suffering of the Messiah
Succeed and Exalted (Is 52:13, 15)
13 Behold, my servant shall act wisely; he shall be high and lifted up, and shall be exalted. 14 As many were astonished at you— his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance, and his form beyond that of the children of mankind— 15 so shall he sprinkle many nations. Kings shall shut their mouths because of him, for that which has not been told them they see, and that which they have not heard they understand.
13 “Look, my servant will succeed! He will be elevated, lifted high, and greatly exalted—
Nations and King will be in awe. (Is 52:15)
“52:15. The Servant will sprinkle people in many nations. “Sprinkle” is associated with cleansing by the priest under the Mosaic Law (Lev. 4:6; 8:11; 14:7). This Servant, whom many have not considered important at all, will actually provide the most important thing for nations and their kings, namely, cleansing from sin (cf. John 1:29; Heb. 10:14). That is why they will shut their mouths. They will be appalled that they had miscalculated the situation so badly. Realizing their great mistake, they will have nothing to say. Eventually, when they see Him exalted in His Second Advent, they will finally understand and see clearly.” (Martin, John A. “Isaiah.” The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures. Ed. J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck. Vol. 1. Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1985. 1107. Print.)
Kings will shut their mouths
What he accomplishes - Exaltation
How he accomplished it - Suffering
15 his form was so marred he no longer looked human— so now he will startle many nations. Kings will be shocked by his exaltation, for they will witness something unannounced to them, and they will understand something they had not heard about.
“Most of this vivid passage concerns the suffering and rejection of the Servant, but the main point (in Isa. 52:13; 53:11–12) is that His suffering will lead to exaltation and glory. True, the suffering is important, but His glory, which will be revealed, is equally important for it will show that the Servant did the will of God voluntarily.” (Martin, John A. “Isaiah.” The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures. Ed. J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck. Vol. 1. Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1985. 1106. Print.)
Messiah will Suffer (Is 52:14; 53:1-3)
Messiah will Suffer (Is 52:14; 53:1-3)
Humble ordinary life (Isaiah 53:1-2)
1 Who has believed what he has heard from us? And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed? 2 For he grew up before him like a young plant, and like a root out of dry ground; he had no form or majesty that we should look at him, and no beauty that we should desire him.
Form - good form n. — a visual appearance of something that is pleasing to the eyes. (also, vs 14)(Sense)
Majesty - majesty n. — the quality of a person or thing which inspires awe or reverence in the beholder; can be related to size, strength, power, or authority. (Sense)
Beauty - good form n. — a visual appearance of something that is pleasing to the eyes. (Sense)
Nothing about his physical appearance would draw us to him or make it obvious that he is the Messiah. He is going to look ordinary.
Despised and suffers greatly (Isa 52:14; Isa 53:3)
3 He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief; and as one from whom men hide their faces he was despised, and we esteemed him not.
Despised - to be despised v. — to be looked down on with disdain and possibly hatred. (Sense)
Sorrows - grief n. — something that causes great unhappiness. (Sense)
Acquainted with Grief - suffering (misery) n. — misery resulting from affliction. (Sense)
The Messiah was to experience rejection, sorrow, and suffering. Suffering will be severe.
14 As many were astonished at you— his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance, and his form beyond that of the children of mankind—
14 (just as many were horrified by the sight of you) he was so disfigured he no longer looked like a man;
Marred - disfigurement n. — an appearance that has been spoiled or is misshapen. (Sense)
The Messiah was to experience incredible sufferings to the point that he does not even look human.
Purpose of His Suffering (Is 53:4-6)
Purpose of His Suffering (Is 53:4-6)
4 Surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted. 5 But he was pierced for our transgressions; he was crushed for our iniquities; upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace, and with his wounds we are healed. 6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all.
Suffered for Us (4-5a, 6)
“4 Surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted. 5 But he was pierced for our transgressions; he was crushed for our iniquities;... 6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all.”
We looked upon the Messiah and We would see him as Smitten by God
stricken - to be afflicted ⇔ be plagued v. — to be afflicted, conceived of as being plagued. (Sense)
smitten - to be struck (affected) v. — to be affected or afflicted suddenly, usually adversely. (Sense)
He suffered because of us.
Our Griefs and Our Sorrows (vs 3)
Our Transgression and Our Iniquities
transgression - evildoing n. — the violation of a law or a duty or moral principle. (Sense)
Iniquities - sin (act) n. — an act or feeling that transgresses something forbidden or ignores something required by God’s law or character; whether in thought, feeling, speech, or action. (Sense)
The Messiah will not suffer for his own Sin, but the sin of Humanity.
“All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all.” (Isaiah 53:6, ESV)
Suffered for our benefit (5b)
“5 But he was pierced for our transgressions; he was crushed for our iniquities; upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace, and with his wounds we are healed."
We received Peace
peace - peace n. — harmonious relations and freedom from disputes; especially during the absence of war. (Sense)
“tn Heb “the punishment of our peace [was] on him.” שָׁלוֹם (shalom, “peace”) is here a genitive of result, i.e., “punishment that resulted in our peace.” (Notes: The NET Bible)
We received Healing.
Healing - to be cured v. — to be provided with a cure; be made healthy again; sometimes abstractly. (Sense)
Through the Suffering of the Messiah we will receive healing. (Spiritual and physical)
His willingness to Suffer (Is 53:7-9)
His willingness to Suffer (Is 53:7-9)
7 He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth; like a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent, so he opened not his mouth. 8 By oppression and judgment he was taken away; and as for his generation, who considered that he was cut off out of the land of the living, stricken for the transgression of my people? 9 And they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death, although he had done no violence, and there was no deceit in his mouth.
It was God’s will for the Messiah to suffer.
“Yet it was the will of the Lord to crush him; he has put him to grief; when his soul makes an offering for guilt, he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days; the will of the Lord shall prosper in his hand.” (Isaiah 53:10, ESV)
“All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all.” (Isaiah 53:6, ESV)
The Messiah is willing to do the Will of God.
“He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth; like a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent, so he opened not his mouth. By oppression and judgment he was taken away; and as for his generation, who considered that he was cut off out of the land of the living, stricken for the transgression of my people? And they made his grave with the wicked and with a rich man in his death, although he had done no violence, and there was no deceit in his mouth.” (Isaiah 53:7–9, ESV)
Injustice (8)
Oppression - oppression (act) n. — the act of subjugating by cruelty. (Sense)
Judgment - judgment (act) n. — the act of judging or assessing a person, situation, or event; especially one that results in a moral or legal determination. (Sense)
8 He was led away after an unjust trial— but who even cared? Indeed, he was cut off from the land of the living; because of the rebellion of his own people he was wounded.
Willing to suffer (7)
“animals go as uncomprehending to slaughter as to shearing, but the Servant who knew all things beforehand (John 18:4) went to his death with a calm silence that reflected not an uncomprehending but a submitted mind and tongue.” (Motyer, J. Alec. Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries)
He will not cry out or complain.
The Messiah is going to go willingly through the injustice and punishment.
Death of the Messiah
9 They intended to bury him with criminals, but he ended up in a rich man’s tomb, because he had committed no violent deeds, nor had he spoken deceitfully.
Life and forgiveness through His Suffering (Is 53:10-12)
Life and forgiveness through His Suffering (Is 53:10-12)
10 Yet it was the will of the Lord to crush him; he has put him to grief; when his soul makes an offering for guilt, he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days; the will of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. 11 Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied; by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant, make many to be accounted righteous, and he shall bear their iniquities. 12 Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he poured out his soul to death and was numbered with the transgressors; yet he bore the sin of many, and makes intercession for the transgressors.
“10 Yet it was the will of the Lord to crush him; he has put him to grief; when his soul makes an offering for guilt, he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days; the will of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. 11 Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied; by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant, make many to be accounted righteous, and he shall bear their iniquities. 12 Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he poured out his soul to death and was numbered with the transgressors; yet he bore the sin of many, and makes intercession for the transgressors.” Isaiah 53:10–12 (ESV)
Offering for Guilt (10)
Offering for guilt - guilt offering n. — a particular kind of offering that was for transgressions that could be estimated and compensated for. (Sense)
“This noun is related to the verb אָשַׁם (ʾāšam, “to be guilty”). It can refer to an offense (Psa 68:21), the guilt that results from that offense (Gen 26:10; 42:21; Jer 51:5), restitution for the offence made to someone harmed by it (Num 5:8–9), or, most often, an offering to God brought to compensate for that offense (e.g., Lev 5:5–7, 15–16; 1 Sam 6:3–4; Isa 53:10; Ezek 40:39).” (DiFransico, Lesley. “Guilt.” Ed. Douglas Mangum et al. Lexham Theological Wordbook 2014 : n. pag. Print. Lexham Bible Reference Series.)
God will prolong his days because he accomplished His will.
Righteousness through Him (11)
Account Righteous
to vindicate v. — to show to be right. (Sense)
“Elsewhere the Hiphil is used at least six times in the sense of “make righteous” in a legal sense, i.e., “pronounce innocent, acquit”.... It can also mean “render justice”, “concede”, “vindicate”, and “lead to righteousness”. The preceding context and the next line suggest a legal sense here. Because of his willingness to carry the people’s sins, the servant is able to “acquit” them.” (Biblical Studies Press. The NET Bible First Edition; Bible. English. NET Bible.; The NET Bible. Biblical Studies Press, 2005. Print.)
Takeaways
Takeaways
In Genesis 3:15
He is Seed of the Woman
He will Crush the head of the serpent and redeem mankind.
In Genesis 12:1-3
He is of the line of Abraham
He will bring a blessing to all families of the world.
In Genesis 49:8-12
He will be from the tribe of Judah.
He will be a ruler with authority.
In Deut 18:15-22
Messiah will be a Prophet proclaiming the words of God.
We are to listen to Him
In Psalm 110
Messiah will be a Priest in the order of Melchizedek.
He will be the Mediator between God and Man.
In 2 Sam 7:1-16
Messiah will be an eternal King in the line of David.
He will rule in God’s eternal Kingdom.
Suffering Servant (Isaiah 52:13 - 53:12)
He will look ordinary, but accomplish the amazing.
He will suffer not for his guilty, but for ours
His suffering will accomplish the will of God and provide righteousness.
“Some object to this legal interpretation of the language, arguing that it would be unjust for the righteous to suffer for the wicked and for the wicked to be declared innocent. However, such a surprising development is consistent with the ironic nature of this song. It does seem unfair for the innocent to die for the guilty. But what is God to do when all have sinned and wandered off like stray sheep (cf. v. 6)? Covenant law demands punishment, but punishment in this case would mean annihilation of what God has created. God’s justice, as demanded by the law, must be satisfied. To satisfy his justice, he does something seemingly unjust. He punishes his sinless servant, the only one who has not strayed off! In the progress of biblical revelation, we discover that the sinless servant is really God in the flesh, who offers himself because he is committed to the world he has created. If his justice can only be satisfied if he himself endures the punishment, then so be it. What appears to be an act of injustice is really love satisfying the demands of justice!” (Biblical Studies Press. The NET Bible First Edition; Bible. English. NET Bible.; The NET Bible. Biblical Studies Press, 2005. Print.”
