Revelation Study16 Chapter 12

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It seems as we’ve left off in chapter 11, a glimpse of heaven and also that the eternal kingdom has been set up.
There was a worship song indicating
Jesus has taken his power and begun to reign
the nations raged but his great wrath came
the time for judging and rewarding has come
That was the 3rd woe, the 7th trumpet
so now, here we are in chapter 12
Let’s read all of chapter 12 first, then we will go back and read it in sections. Within this chapter their is context for what we will be discussing.

The Woman and the Dragon

12 And a great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars. 2 She was pregnant and was crying out in birth pains and the agony of giving birth. 3 And another sign appeared in heaven: behold, a great red dragon, with seven heads and ten horns, and on his heads seven diadems. 4 His tail swept down a third of the stars of heaven and cast them to the earth. And the dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, so that when she bore her child he might devour it. 5 She gave birth to a male child, one who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron, but her child was caught up to God and to his throne, 6 and the woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God, in which she is to be nourished for 1,260 days.

Satan Thrown Down to Earth

7 Now war arose in heaven, Michael and his angels fighting against the dragon. And the dragon and his angels fought back, 8 but he was defeated, and there was no longer any place for them in heaven. 9 And the great dragon was thrown down, that ancient serpent, who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world—he was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him. 10 And I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying, “Now the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God and the authority of his Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down, who accuses them day and night before our God. 11 And they have conquered him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony, for they loved not their lives even unto death. 12 Therefore, rejoice, O heavens and you who dwell in them! But woe to you, O earth and sea, for the devil has come down to you in great wrath, because he knows that his time is short!”

13 And when the dragon saw that he had been thrown down to the earth, he pursued the woman who had given birth to the male child. 14 But the woman was given the two wings of the great eagle so that she might fly from the serpent into the wilderness, to the place where she is to be nourished for a time, and times, and half a time. 15 The serpent poured water like a river out of his mouth after the woman, to sweep her away with a flood. 16 But the earth came to the help of the woman, and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed the river that the dragon had poured from his mouth. 17 Then the dragon became furious with the woman and went off to make war on the rest of her offspring, on those who keep the commandments of God and hold to the testimony of Jesus. And he stood on the sand of the sea.

Who are the players in this chapter?
A woman
A great red dragon
A male child
God
Michael
The devils angels
Dragon, the ancient serpent, the devil, satan, the deceiver.
The voice verses 10-12
The woman’s offspring
Ok, now lets read it in sections
The Woman and the Dragon Revelation 12:1-6

The Woman and the Dragon

12 And a great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars. 2 She was pregnant and was crying out in birth pains and the agony of giving birth. 3 And another sign appeared in heaven: behold, a great red dragon, with seven heads and ten horns, and on his heads seven diadems. 4 His tail swept down a third of the stars of heaven and cast them to the earth. And the dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, so that when she bore her child he might devour it. 5 She gave birth to a male child, one who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron, but her child was caught up to God and to his throne, 6 and the woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God, in which she is to be nourished for 1,260 days.

Let’s just look at verses 1-2

12 And a great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars. 2 She was pregnant and was crying out in birth pains and the agony of giving birth.

The word “sign”—a word connoting a visible event intended to convey meaning beyond that which is normally perceived in the outward appearance of the event.
Great sign—so not a normal or average sign, but one of great significance.
What new testament gospel author uses the word “sign” and writes of signs? John, the 7 signs that prove Jesus is the Messiah
So it’s no wonder John here is writing of signs
So if Revelation is a book about the future, who is this woman? We now know that Revelation isn’t written only about the future, but the past, even Johns past.
Could be Mary and the male child is Jesus, Psalm 2
Could be the nation of Israel, Josephs dream, sun moon and 11 stars, 12 stars are the 12 tribes, and the Messiah comes from her fulfilling the prophecy to David (2 Sam. 7).
Could be early church, 12 stars, people of God
Could it be Eve, fulfilling the prophecy
Could be all of the above
Why would she be described as being clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of 12 stars? None of these images are found in the O.T., directly applying to a woman, unlike the images of God and Jesus that were used
She has a crown, the “Stephanos” or victors crown.
This is to show the cosmic significance of this sign. Again these are not only turning points in history, but the events that matter within history.
She’s crying out in pain and the agony of giving birth—could be the trials and tribulations of the nation of Israel, becoming a nation and surviving to bring forth Messiah.
Isaiah 26:17–18 ESV
Like a pregnant woman who writhes and cries out in her pangs when she is near to giving birth, so were we because of you, O Lord; we were pregnant, we writhed, but we have given birth to wind. We have accomplished no deliverance in the earth, and the inhabitants of the world have not fallen.
Isaiah 66:7 ESV
“Before she was in labor she gave birth; before her pain came upon her she delivered a son.
Now let’s look at verses 3 through 4a

3 And another sign appeared in heaven: behold, a great red dragon, with seven heads and ten horns, and on his heads seven diadems. 4 His tail swept down a third of the stars of heaven and cast them to the earth.

Another sign appeared in heaven—a word connoting a visible event intended to convey meaning beyond that which is normally perceived in the outward appearance of the event.
Not a great sign, just another sign in heaven, significant and mighty, but not great.
First before we look at the beginning, lets look talk about the 7 heads, etc.
A great red dragon, with 7 heads and ten horns, and on his head 7 diadems
Daniel 7:7 ESV
After this I saw in the night visions, and behold, a fourth beast, terrifying and dreadful and exceedingly strong. It had great iron teeth; it devoured and broke in pieces and stamped what was left with its feet. It was different from all the beasts that were before it, and it had ten horns.
Daniel 7:20 ESV
and about the ten horns that were on its head, and the other horn that came up and before which three of them fell, the horn that had eyes and a mouth that spoke great things, and that seemed greater than its companions.
Daniel 7:23–25 ESV
“Thus he said: ‘As for the fourth beast, there shall be a fourth kingdom on earth, which shall be different from all the kingdoms, and it shall devour the whole earth, and trample it down, and break it to pieces. As for the ten horns, out of this kingdom ten kings shall arise, and another shall arise after them; he shall be different from the former ones, and shall put down three kings. He shall speak words against the Most High, and shall wear out the saints of the Most High, and shall think to change the times and the law; and they shall be given into his hand for a time, times, and half a time.
The 10 horns are? evil and wicked political leaders
The crowns or diadems are to represent the extent of his power and rule, it is great, expansive. This is not the “Stephanos” crown, but the “diadema” or ruling crown. 7 of them is an attempt to convince he is like God.
In Daniel the dragon or the beast represents evil political powers on earth that persecute the people of God.
But also their cosmic leader, the evil one, satan.
Isaiah and Ezekiel, prophesied about kings of evil empires
Why is he red? Blood, a descriptor of his murderous intent, John 10:10, the thief comes to steal, kill, and destroy. The horses earlier, the red horse symbolized murder and killing, blood in the Nile and the waters brought death, etc.
So…
Who is the Dragon?
satan,
or the Empire of Rome,
Babylon, Egypt, …
the powers behind it
Rome is the personification of evil in Johns day, the tool of the satan the devil.
Verse 4a, “His tail swept down a third of the stars of heaven and cast them to the earth.”
What are we looking at here? for immediate context we can look ahead to Revelation 12:7-9 which describes verse 4a.
Revelation 12:7–9 ESV
Now war arose in heaven, Michael and his angels fighting against the dragon. And the dragon and his angels fought back, but he was defeated, and there was no longer any place for them in heaven. And the great dragon was thrown down, that ancient serpent, who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world—he was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.
We remember from a couple of weeks ago, the word star is “aster and can mean a heavenly body, but also a supernatural being, like an angel.
So, John tells us the third of the stars from heaven are satan’s angels thrown to the earth.
Now is the 1/3 literal? Could be, but could also be a dismantling of creation, a losing of the powers in heaven that were created by God.
Picking up in verse 4 part b (Revelation 12:4b-6)

And the dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, so that when she bore her child he might devour it. 5 She gave birth to a male child, one who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron, but her child was caught up to God and to his throne, 6 and the woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God, in which she is to be nourished for 1,260 days.

This is ultimately about the gospel message the Good News, Gods plan of redemption, that starts with Eve, is carried forward by the nation of Israel, to Jesus and then the Church.
This woman is divinely appointed, she gives birth to a child, the Messiah, who will rule the earth. He is taken up to heaven while the woman and her offspring are subjected to the persecutions of the dragon.
Could be Mary and the male child is Jesus, Psalm 2, He is taken up to heaven and the woman and her offspring are subjected to persecution.
Could be the nation of Israel, 12 stars, and the Messiah comes from her fulfilling the prophecy to David (2 Sam. 7).
Could be early church, 12 stars, people of God fleeing from persecution, but what about the child
Could it be Eve, fulfilling the prophecy
Could be all of the above
verses 5-6 are about the coming of the Messiah
He will rule, again, Psalm 2.
He was caught up to God and to His throne, Jesus ascension
The woman fled into the wilderness?? This is where the direct understanding gets tricky and we need to be reminded we are studying apocalyptic literature. Signs and symbols to convey hope.
What if this woman who fled is symbolic of God’s people in history? Who could this woman fleeing into the wilderness of the desert represent? Israel fleeing from Egypt.
Now how long was Israel in the wilderness before entering the Promised Land? 40 years so clearly not 1260 days.
So what could John be doing here? Reminding the reader of the Exodus to prepare them for the future??
But what is clear from this passage, the end of verse 4? Amidst all the symbolism and figurative language, what is clear? The devil wants to destroy the child

Satan Thrown Down to Earth

7 Now war arose in heaven, Michael and his angels fighting against the dragon. And the dragon and his angels fought back, 8 but he was defeated, and there was no longer any place for them in heaven. 9 And the great dragon was thrown down, that ancient serpent, who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world—he was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.

We already talked about these verses or at least used them to understand earlier verses.
A key to see—who is fighting against satan and his demons? Michael and his angels, not God. God doesn’t need to fight satan, Michael is more powerful, and when Jesus returns it is not a fight, He has victory with the Word of His mouth.
An extensive list of his names or attributes—the ancient serpent who deceived Eve, he is not some super-soldier and strong man for he is defeated by a stronger man, Jesus. He is the great con man who deceives us into falling.
The devil of satan are the Greek and Hebrew synonyms referring to an “adversary” or “evil opponent.” At its root this refers to an “accuser in a court of law.
Evangelical Commentary on the Bible B. War in Heaven (12:7–12)

War in heaven (12:7–12). Satan is furious, but unable to prevail in heaven. Evil has no place there, so he is hurled down to earth to persecute the saints. In a vision Jesus saw this as well (Luke 10:18; John 12:31). Satan’s many names are given here—dragon, serpent, devil, and Satan (see comments on Rev. 20:12). His mission is to “lead the whole world astray.” We must always remember that he is a liar and the source of all evil and untruth (John 8:44). He cannot be trusted or believed. Only God is true, and ultimately righteousness will triumph.

Let’s look at verses 10-12 which is a hymn of praise response.

10 And I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying, “Now the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God and the authority of his Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down, who accuses them day and night before our God. 11 And they have conquered him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony, for they loved not their lives even unto death. 12 Therefore, rejoice, O heavens and you who dwell in them! But woe to you, O earth and sea, for the devil has come down to you in great wrath, because he knows that his time is short!”

The 3 parts to this hymn
V10. Rejoicing at the accuser being cast down by God and Jesus
V11. Expanding that victory to the saints
V12. The effects of that victory on heaven and earth. To heaven dwellers, not earth dwellers.
So verse 10 is communicating what? That Jesus’ Kingdom has now come.
So how is this true? When He came He initiated the kingdom on earth, but at His second coming it will be the full culmination.
So what do verses 11 and 12 seem to be telling us? That this victory is by the blood of Jesus, the Lamb and the testimony of His followers, the preaching of the gospel.

for they loved not their lives even unto death.

Martyr, imitatio Christi, imitation of Christ, the mark of a true follower of Jesus. Victory of satan, their death is the victory, to the devils fury.
This may not be the full realization of the Kingdom yet
Why? Because the devil has come down in great wrath, his time is short. If the devil is still active then Jesus has not yet set up His eternal kingdom.
Who is verse 12b directed at, who should be afraid? O’earth and sea or the inhabitants of earth and sea, the devil, as in chapter 9 is turning on his own.
This doesn’t seem to be about the full culmination, the Second Coming.
And this doesn’t clearly tell us when in history satan was cast down. Was it before Jesus came to earth, at the beginning of creation and was to tempt Adam and Eve?
Luke 10:18 ESV
And he said to them, “I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven.
but…
John 12:27–32 ESV
“Now is my soul troubled. And what shall I say? ‘Father, save me from this hour’? But for this purpose I have come to this hour. Father, glorify your name.” Then a voice came from heaven: “I have glorified it, and I will glorify it again.” The crowd that stood there and heard it said that it had thundered. Others said, “An angel has spoken to him.” Jesus answered, “This voice has come for your sake, not mine. Now is the judgment of this world; now will the ruler of this world be cast out. And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.”
This defeat of the devil would seem to come in 3 stages, at an early point in creation, at the Cross, and at the end when he is cast into the lake of fire.
But what do we know from the passage? That the devil is hellbent on destruction of Gods people, to make war on them.

13 And when the dragon saw that he had been thrown down to the earth, he pursued the woman who had given birth to the male child. 14 But the woman was given the two wings of the great eagle so that she might fly from the serpent into the wilderness, to the place where she is to be nourished for a time, and times, and half a time. 15 The serpent poured water like a river out of his mouth after the woman, to sweep her away with a flood. 16 But the earth came to the help of the woman, and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed the river that the dragon had poured from his mouth. 17 Then the dragon became furious with the woman and went off to make war on the rest of her offspring, on those who keep the commandments of God and hold to the testimony of Jesus. And he stood on the sand of the sea.

13-17 describe in more detail verse 6
This is the normal anger and target of the enemy, Children of God.
Could this be about Israel, again fleeing from Egypt, kill the Messiah before He’s ever born??
Exodus 19:4 ESV
‘You yourselves have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles’ wings and brought you to myself.
Or is this about the Church post Jesus, or in the future, during some great persecution?
Yes, could be all if taken figuratively.
But, when satan realized he had been defeated by Jesus, he now will try to destroy Jesus followers since the cross and into the last days.
The idea of time, times and a half time, has been used in regards to a great tribulation period of time.
The flood from his mouth are the lies and persecution, maybe deceptive signs and wonders as well, not literally a flood. But God’s people were delivered from flood waters in the Exodus and Egypt was destroyed.
Exodus 15:12 ESV
You stretched out your right hand; the earth swallowed them.
Again, apocalyptic literature is to give hope.
What is the hope here? God will protect and provide for those who are His during this time, He’s done so in the past and He doesn’t change.
Is this literal or figurative or both??
Why is the dragon standing on the shore? What is he looking at or for?
Last note—the devil has been active, passionately active with anger, rage, and fury, trying desperately to defeat the God and His children, both in history on a macro level, but also throughout history in a micro level.
We are one of the many children of God and he is trying to destroy us, both on a macro level and on a micro level, we cannot let him. We must hold fast, stay true, obediently following Jesus, even if it were to lead to our death.
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