Coming of Messiah

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The coming of a figure chosen and anointed by God to deliver and redeem his people. Anointing was seen as a sign of being chosen by God for a special task of leadership or responsibility. The OT looked ahead to the final coming of such a figure to usher in a new era in the history of the people of God; the NT sees this expectation fulfilled in the person and work of Jesus Christ.

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Anointing as a sign of being chosen by God

Anointing with oil

Leviticus 8:12 KJV 1900

And he poured of the anointing oil upon Aaron’s head, and anointed him, to sanctify him.

See also 1 Sa 16:12–13; 2 Sa 2:4; 2 Sa 5:3; 1 Ki 1:39; 2 Ki 9:6; Ps 89:20

Anointing with the Holy Spirit

Isaiah 61:1 KJV 1900

See also Lk 4:18; Jdg 14:19; 1 Sa 11:6; 1 Sa 16:13; Is 11:2; Mt 12:18; Is 42:1

Anointing as a sign of national and spiritual leadership

Anointed to be king

1 Chronicles 29:22 KJV 1900

And did eat and drink before the Lord on that day with great gladness. And they made Solomon the son of David king the second time, and anointed him unto the Lord to be the chief governor, and Zadok to be priest.

See also Jdg 9:7–15; 1 Sa 9:16; 1 Sa 15:17; 2 Sa 19:10; 1 Ki 1:34; 2 Ki 9:3; 2 Ki 11:12; 2 Ch 22:7

Anointed to be priest

Exodus 40:13–15 KJV 1900

And thou shalt put upon Aaron the holy garments, and anoint him, and sanctify him; that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office. And thou shalt bring his sons, and clothe them with coats: And thou shalt anoint them, as thou didst anoint their father, that they may minister unto me in the priest’s office: for their anointing shall surely be an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.

See also Ex 28:41; Ex 29:7; Le 7:35–36; Le 16:32; Nu 3:3

Anointed to be judge

The coming of the Spirit on some of the judges is a spiritual anointing:

Jdg 3:10; Jdg 6:34; Jdg 11:29; Jdg 15:14

Anointed to be prophet

1 Ki 19:16; Is 48:16; Eze 11:5; Eze 37:1; Mic 3:8

The expectation of a future Messiah

The future anointed king

Ge 49:10; Is 16:5

See also Nu 24:17; 2 Sa 7:12–14; Ps 2:7–9; Ps 45:6–7; Ps 110:1–2; Ps 132:11–12; Is 9:6–7; Eze 37:24; Mic 5:2; Zec 9:9

The future anointed priest

Psalm 110:4 KJV 1900

The Lord hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever After the order of Melchizedek.

The future anointed prophet

Isaiah 61:1–2 KJV 1900

The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me; Because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; He hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, To proclaim liberty to the captives, And the opening of the prison to them that are bound; To proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord, And the day of vengeance of our God; To comfort all that mourn;

The future anointed judge

Is 2:4; Is 11:3–4; Mic 4:3

The future anointed servant of God

Isaiah 42:1–4 KJV 1900

Behold my servant, whom I uphold; Mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: He shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. He shall not cry, nor lift up, Nor cause his voice to be heard in the street. A bruised reed shall he not break, And the smoking flax shall he not quench: He shall bring forth judgment unto truth. He shall not fail nor be discouraged, Till he have set judgment in the earth: And the isles shall wait for his law.