Things You Need to Know... from Deuteronomy
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Some of the greatest words Jesus ever spoke are Old Testament words
1 Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. 2 And after fasting forty days and forty nights, he was hungry. 3 And the tempter came and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread.” 4 But he answered, “It is written, “ ‘Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’ ” 5 Then the devil took him to the holy city and set him on the pinnacle of the temple 6 and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written, “ ‘He will command his angels concerning you,’ and “ ‘On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone.’ ” 7 Jesus said to him, “Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’ ” 8 Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory. 9 And he said to him, “All these I will give you, if you will fall down and worship me.” 10 Then Jesus said to him, “Be gone, Satan! For it is written, “ ‘You shall worship the Lord your God and him only shall you serve.’ ” 11 Then the devil left him, and behold, angels came and were ministering to him.
35 And one of them, a lawyer, asked him a question to test him. 36 “Teacher, which is the great commandment in the Law?” 37 And he said to him, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. 38 This is the great and first commandment. 39 And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. 40 On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets.”
Grace gives genuine faith. The Law tests the genuineness of your faith.
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You are my friends if you do what I command you.
Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”
Motives for Obedience 1-4 Measures of Obedience 5-7 Mentality of Obedience 8-11 Ceremonial Regulations 12-16 Civil Righteousness 17-20 Societal Regulations 21-26 Commitment to the Covenant 27-30 Culmination of Moses’ Ministry 31-34
The Gospel in Deuteronomy
March 15, 2019 by: Mark D. Futato
Deuteronomy is clearly one of the most important books in the Old Testament. First, Jesus quoted the book of Deuteronomy more than any other book in the Old Testament. Second, Jesus used the book of Deuteronomy in his own life more than any other book in the Old Testament. For example, Jesus answered all three of his temptations in the wilderness with quotations from the book of Deuteronomy (Luke 4:1–13). Since the person of Jesus is at the very heart of the gospel and Deuteronomy was so important in his life, it should therefore not be hard to find the gospel in this last book of Moses’ Pentateuch.
We can see the gospel in the overall structure of the book of Deuteronomy. While it is true that the majority of the book and the center of the book are occupied with laws (Deut. 5–26) and the consequences of keeping or breaking those laws (Deut. 27–30), this “law” section is surrounded by grace. The first four chapters are in effect an account of how gracious God has been to Israel in the past. So, God’s grace in the past serves as the context and motivation for Israel’s keeping the law.
Likewise, the last four chapters are in effect an account of how gracious God will be to Israel in the future. So also, God’s grace in the future serves as the context and motivation for Israel’s keeping the law. Thus, in the book of Deuteronomy, the law is surrounded by grace, and keeping the law is a response to grace received and anticipated.
Obedience as a Response
We can also see the gospel within the central section of the book of Deuteronomy. Keeping the law in the book of Deuteronomy is a response to God’s grace and not a means to earn God’s favor. This truth is articulated nowhere more clearly than in the Ten Commandments (Deuteronomy 5), where all of the commandments are rooted in God’s gracious redemption. The apostle Paul certainly saw the gospel in the book of Deuteronomy.
In his letter to the Romans, for example, Paul drew on Deuteronomy to teach that the law reveals sin (Rom. 7:7), that righteousness is by faith (Rom. 10:6–8, 19 [Deut. 30:12–14]), that a circumcision of the heart is necessary for true obedience (Rom. 2:29 [Deut. 30:6]), that keeping the law is the way to love one’s neighbor (Rom. 13:9 [Deut. 5:17–19, 21]), that we should not seek personal revenge (Rom. 12:19 [Deut. 32:35]), and that we should expect Gentiles to be added to an originally all-Jewish people of God (Rom. 15:10 [Deut. 32:43]).
Jesus Quotes Deuteronomy • - Just the book of Matthew
Matt 4:4 & Deut 8:3;
But he answered, “It is written, “ ‘Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’ ”
Matt 4:7 & Deut 6:16;
Jesus said to him, “Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’ ”
Matt 4:10 & Deut 6:13 plus Deut 10:20;
Then Jesus said to him, “Be gone, Satan! For it is written, “ ‘You shall worship the Lord your God and him only shall you serve.’ ”
Matt 5:21 & Deut 5:17;
“You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’
Matt 5:27 & Deut 5:18;
“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’
Matt 5:31 & Deut 24:1;
“It was also said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife, let him give her a certificate of divorce.’
Matt 5:38 & Deut 19:21;
“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’
uMatt 15:4 & Deut 5:16;
For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’
Matt 18:16 & Deut 19:15;
But if he does not listen, take one or two others along with you, that every charge may be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses.
Matt 19:7 & Deut 24:1;
They said to him, “Why then did Moses command one to give a certificate of divorce and to send her away?”
Matt 22:24 & Deut 25:5;
saying, “Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man dies having no children, his brother must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.’
Matt 22:37 & Deut 6:5;
And he said to him, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.
And he said to him, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.
Mark 7:10 & Deut 5:16;
For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and your mother’; and, ‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’
Mark 10:4 & Deut 24:1;
They said, “Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of divorce and to send her away.”
Mark 12:19 & Deut 25:5;
“Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife, but leaves no child, the man must take the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.
Mark 12:29-30 & Deut 6:4-5;
Jesus answered, “The most important is, ‘Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one. And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’
Luke 4:4 & Deut 8:3;
And Jesus answered him, “It is written, ‘Man shall not live by bread alone.’ ”
Luke 4:8 & Deut 6:13 plus Deut 10:20;
And Jesus answered him, “It is written, “ ‘You shall worship the Lord your God, and him only shall you serve.’ ”
Luke 4:12 & Deut 6:16;
And Jesus answered him, “It is said, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’ ”
Luke 10:27 & Deut 6:5;
And he answered, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind, and your neighbor as yourself.”
Luke 18:20 & Deut 5:17-21;
You know the commandments: ‘Do not commit adultery, Do not murder, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Honor your father and mother.’ ”
Luke 20:28 & Deut 25:5
and they asked him a question, saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife but no children, the man must take the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.
Your view of the Old Testament:
Tells me your view of the deity of Jesus
Tells me what you think about the relevance of all of God’s word
Tells me if you view the Old Testament as a Pharisee or as a follower of Jesus
Tells me how you understand the relationship of law and grace