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Review of Chapter 9
In chapter 9, we saw that the Law and the Aaronic priesthood and animal offerings were not able to permanently deliver man from sin and the condition of the heart
We saw from the writer, that his readers were preferring to be content with these externals of faith and to ignore the fulfillment of these thing in the death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus
The writer emphasized to his readers that tabernacle with its regulations and sacrifices was a shadow of the sacrifice of Jesus and the new arrangement for living offered to the believers in Christ
The Law and the tabernacle could never do for the believers of any age what the living Christ can do
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Christ Our Better Sacrifice Hebrews 10: 1-18
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Discussion Questions
In what way is the law a shadow of the good things to come?
What can the law not do?
What could the law do?
Why does God no require sacrifices?
What did He desire?
What do think God did (and does) take pleasure in?
What is the significance that Christ sat down at the right hand of God after His sacrifice?
What is He waiting for?
Why is He waiting?
Why not subject all enemies to Himself now?
What does He want to accomplish first?
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Jesus’ Sacrifice is Complete and Perfect Hebrews 10:1-10.
But the writer presents a new aspect in chapter 10
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In vv.
1-4, the writer builds on a point he has made earlier
the annual repetition of sacrifices in the old covenant indicated their inability to actually remove sins
If these annual sacrifices truly cleansed the conscience, there would have been no need to repeat them
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they would have seen themselves as cleansed from sin
they would have seen themselves as being restored into right relationship with God
but they were unable to remove sin because they were based only on the death of animals
The Law that God gave Israel was designed to expose both its weakness and its purpose as a shadow of what was to come
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a shadow indicates a reality, but has no substance in itself
the offerings witnessed to the person of Christ and His sacrifice; they were not that reality themselves
they were to indicate that He was soon to appear
Instead of permanently absolving them of their sin, they just reminded men over and over again that sin requires death, and the Law was not solving the problem
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The problem, as mentioned previously, is that the blood of animals isn’t sufficient to solve the problem of our sin
Because the sin of a man requires the death of a man
However, we see that God designed the Old Covenant to use animal sacrifices
Consequently, God never intended for the Old Covenant sacrifices to address our sin
The “good things that are coming” are the equivalent of “make perfect” which the repeated sacrifices of the Day of Atonement could never achieve
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to “make perfect” a sinner before God - required sin and its effects be totally removed
the effects not only on the spirit and soul but the body also - regeneration, full sanctification, and resurrection
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Through the sacrifice of Christ and His resurrection, the believer has full and continuing access to God, “without the constant necessity of removing the barrier of freshly accumulated sin” (Bruce 1964:227)
The sacrifice made by Jesus was one he came prepared to make
It was not done from impulse
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The animal deaths were unwilling, unconscious, sacrifices of a different nature
And therefore, inadequate substitutes for humans made in the image of God
The essential point to man for a God-approved means of dealing with sin in one’s life was that a life be laid down
Every dying animal meant a life brought to an end
Sin was serious; unless the sin could actually be removed, the sinner must die
The writer quotes Psalm 40 to describe that to save the sinner from such a fate, an equal and willing substitute must be found
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These words directly apply to Christ, His complete willingness to sacrifice Himself to remove our sins
For wholehearted obedience is the quality which God desires in sacrifices
In the Old Testament, this point is made many times, mainly in 1 Samuel 15:22; Isaiah 1:11-14; and Amos 5:21-22.
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Morris correctly states: “God takes no delight in the routine performance of the ritual of sacrifices” (1983:91)
In vv.
8-10, the writer takes great measures to ensure his readers don’t miss this important point
He explains the meaning of the quote from Psalm 40,
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In acknowledging that though God authorized the animal sacrifices of the past, he did not delight in them
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This stresses the fact that Christ deliberately set Himself to do the will of the Father - knowing it would lead to pain and separation
It was on this cross at Gethsemane that these words in Psalm 40, were fully carried out
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Here the writer declares that the death of Jesus, by fulfilling the will of the Father
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completely replaces the provision of animal deaths
even though they provided some degree of forgiveness in the past
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His conclusion is: it is by the fulfillment of the will of God in the once-for-all sacrifice of Jesus Christ that we (all believers) have been made holy
the Greek expression for “made holy” used here indicates action with a lasting effect
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The writer wanted the readers to understand that
we are made holy by the death of Jesus
we remain holy even though we struggle with daily weakness and sin
this holiness is obtained by faith
not by self-righteous effort
nor lost by momentary failure - “There is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus!” (Rom.8:1)
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The Sacrifice that Makes Perfect and Holy Hebrews 10:11-18.
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One interesting fact about the tabernacle is that it contained no chairs
the priests were not permitted to sit
must perform their ministries while standing
The writer indicates in vv.
11-12 that this symbolically shows that their work was unfinished
their repeated sacrifices could not finally remove sins
In contrast, when Christ had offered himself as a sacrifice for all time, he sat down at God’s right hand
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There are two reasons (vv.13-14)
First, there was nothing left for Him to do except to await the outworking of the salvation He had accomplished on the cross
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