Sermon Tone Analysis
Overall tone of the sermon
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Introduction
Scripture
Outline
Hebrews 1-2 - Jesus is Greater Than the Angels
Hebrews 1:1-4 - God has Spoken
Hebrews 1:5-14 - The Son is Superior to the Angels
Hebrews 2:1-4 - A Warning
Hebrews 2:5-9 - Lowliness to Crowning Glory
Hebrews 2:10-18 - Jesus has Delivered His Brothers
Hebrews 3:1-4:13 - Jesus is a Greater Rest
Hebrews 3:1-6 - Jesus is Worthy of More Glory Than Moses
Hebrews 3:7-19 - Disobedience After the Exodus
Hebrews 4:1-13 - A Sabbath Rest for God’s People
Hebrews 4:14-7:26 - Jesus is Greater than Melchizedek
Hebrews 4:14-16 - Jesus is the Great High Priest
Hebrews 5:1-10 - Jesus is the High Priest After the Order of Melchizedek
Hebrews 5:11-6:20 - Warning and Exhortation
Hebrews 5:11-14 - Failure to Mature
Hebrews 6:1-8 - Pursue Maturity
Hebrews 6:9-12 - Loving Motivation
Hebrews 6:13-20 - The Promise of God’s Word and God’s Oath
Hebrews 7:1-10 - The Greatness of Melchizedek
Hebrews 7:11-19 - Jesus’ Priesthood is Needed
Hebrews 7:20-28 - Jesus Guarantees a Better Covenant
Hebrews 8:1-10:18 - Jesus is the Greater Covenant
Hebrews 8:1-6 - Jesus Mediates a Better Covenant
Hebrews 8:7-13 - The Promise of the New Covenant
Hebrews 8:7 - The Old Covenant Has Faults
Hebrews 8:8-12 - The Promise of the New Covenant from Jeremiah 31:31-34
Hebrews 8:13 - The Old Covenant is Obsolete
Purpose of Book
Christ, who has accomplished salvation through His atoning sacrifice, is greater than all things; therefore, persevere in true faith and encourage others to do likewise
Main Point
The new covenant promised in Jeremiah 31 has been fulfilled, making the old (Mosaic) covenant obsolete
Hebrews 8:7 - The Old Covenant Has Faults
For if the first covenant had been faultless,
First covenant
“covenant” supplied in English
The author of Hebrews uses the word “covenant” only for the Sinai covenant, not the Abrahamic/Davidic Covenant
Faultless
The first covenant did not bring completion so why go back?
There would have been no occasion to look for a second.
Since the first covenant was not faultless, God sought to establish a second covenant
It is through God’s initiative alone that the second covenant is established
Though the NT speaks of the Old and New Testament, Hebrews is the only part to speak of them together
Hebrews 8:8-12 - The Promise of the New Covenant from Jeremiah 31:31-34
For he finds fault with them when he says:
Fault with them
Those who broke the covenant - Israel
***This is longest OT quote in the NT***
Old Testament Context
Jeremiah 30:1-31:40 - Future promise of salvation for those who are suffering and is the only explicit OT passage to refer to the new covenant
Jeremiah 31:31-34 - center of the chiasm
New covenant promised for God’s people using eschatological language
Contrasting the new covenant with the Sinai covenant
Characteristics of the new covenant
God’s law internalized
Everyone in the covenant will know God personally
Forgiveness of sin is central
Jeremiah 31:31-34 in Hebrews 8:8-12
The author understands the passage is prophetic and fulfilled at the time of Jesus’ death, resurrection, and installment as the superior high priest
The passage both establishes the superiority of the new covenant mediated by Jesus and simultaneously is setting the stage for his argument of Jesus’ new covenant offering
“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will establish a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah,
The days are coming
I will - God initiates
Establish - complete
Not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt.
For they did not continue in my covenant, and so I showed no concern for them, declares the Lord.
Continue in my covenant
By the time of Jeremiah’s writing, both Israel and Judah had failed to remain in covenantal relationship
For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord:
I will put my laws into their minds, and write them on their hearts,
And I will be their God, and they shall be my people.
And they shall not teach, each one his neighbor and each one his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’
Moses taught the Israelites the law
Know the Lord
Recognizing
Obeying
For they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest.
All know me
Not some like the Israelites
Every person in the new covenant knows God
For I will be merciful toward their iniquities, and I will remember their sins no more.”
Hebrews 8:13 - The Old Covenant is Obsolete
In speaking of a new covenant, he makes the first one obsolete.
And what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away.
This claim would be SHOCKING to the Jews as they expected the first covenant to remain forever
In covenant language, the person who made a covenant could annul or change the testament
Thus God has the right, as the initiator and fulfiller of the covenant, to make the old covenant obsolete
The Mosaic covenant has passed away and is no longer legally binding as fulfilled by the prophecy in Jeremiah
Application
The old covenant is obsolete, so do not turn back
Jesus is the fulfillment of Jeremiah 31:31-34
Main Point
The new covenant promised in Jeremiah 31 has been fulfilled, making the old (Mosaic) covenant obsolete
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