John 19:23-37
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vv 23-24) Gambling for clothes
vv 23-24) Gambling for clothes
The insensitive, worldly-minded men were void of compassion. John lets us know that Jesus’ mother was standing by the cross, yet the soldiers showed no compassion whatsoever in sharing His belongings with her.
How might we apply this passage of scripture to our lives?
36 For what does it profit a man to gain the whole world and forfeit his soul?
The seamless coat was one piece of cloth, any guesses why that is important? The coat or robe was identical to the robe of the High Priest. It symbolized Christ, the Mediator, the bridge-builder between God and man.
This event fulfilled more prophecy. Psalm 22:18
18 they divide my garments among them,
and for my clothing they cast lots.
Again Psalm 22 is a Messianic psalm, and Jesus quoting the first part of the Psalm would have alerted the Jewish people of His claim to be the person that Psalm is about. Pointing them to this prophecy.
Why is prophecy important?
It ultimately shows that God was in charge of everything… even the cross, for it was the fulfillment of His purpose, of His great plan of salvation for mankind.
5 For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, 6 who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.
15 Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.
24 For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.
vv 25-27) Mary
vv 25-27) Mary
There are two touching scenes here in this 3 verses.
The first is the fact that the women were there. Guilty by association. Jesus was a revolutionary in the eyes of Rome and a heretic in the eyes of the religionists.
Why would the women risk being there?
They really loved Jesus. There is no other explanation: they simply loved Him. He had done so much for them that they were willing to stand by Him no matter the cost.
How can we emulate that same kind of love?
14 For the love of Christ controls us, because we have concluded this: that one has died for all, therefore all have died; 15 and he died for all, that those who live might no longer live for themselves but for him who for their sake died and was raised.
23 And he said to all, “If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me.
The second touching scene is Jesus’ care of His mother. Again how incredible that His thoughts were on others, not on Himself. Even in death, His mind and being were set on taking care of others.
John, the disciple, was introduced to her as the one who would hereafter take the place of son to her. He was charged with taking care of Mary as if she were his own mother. John obeyed.
vv 28-29) Thirst
vv 28-29) Thirst
Some time take place between verses 27-28. The three hours of darkness- from noon to 3 p.m. It was during this time that Jesus became sin and suffered the wrath of God.
Jesus’ cry of thirst isn’t a physical thirst. He was fulfilling scripture: Ps 69:21
21 They gave me poison for food,
and for my thirst they gave me sour wine to drink.
The purpose is to show:
Jesus was truly the promised Messiah, the One who fulfilled Scripture.
Jesus’ mind was set on fulfilling the Scriptures.
Jesus had come to do the will of God, dying as the sacrifice for man. This is an incredible point because it means that even while suffering He refused to do God’s will un-thoughtfully.
9 But we see him who for a little while was made lower than the angels, namely Jesus, crowned with glory and honor because of the suffering of death, so that by the grace of God he might taste death for everyone.
23 this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men.
[29] They probably tied a sponge to the end of a rod with hyssop and pressed it to His lips. Hyssop is a plant, that is also used at the Passover: Exodus 12:22
22 Take a bunch of hyssop and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and touch the lintel and the two doorposts with the blood that is in the basin. None of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning.
v 30) Death
v 30) Death
Two important points:
Jesus cried, “It is finished.” The Greek word (tetelestai) is the shout of victorious purpose. Jesus had completed His work, His mission, and His task. He was not crying the cry of defeated martyr. He was crying the cry of a victorious conqueror.
When Jesus gave up His spirit it means that He died willingly. His death was voluntary. He determined the time of His death. In full control of His faculties, He dismissed His Spirit- an act no mere man could accomplish.
vv 31-37) The spear
vv 31-37) The spear
[31] Again we see how careful these religious Jews were about the details when they were committing cold-blooded murder.
They “strained out a gnat and swallowed a camel.”
They thought it would not be proper to allow the bodies to remain on the cross on the Sabbath. There would be religious feast in the city. So they requested Pilate to have the legs of the three broken to hasten death.
The religionist were more concerned about their ceremonies and customs than a suffering man.
Not so with Jesus Christ: He was hanging there because He was concerned for eternal welfare of men and women. He had given his life for them.
16 For surely it is not angels that he helps, but he helps the offspring of Abraham. 17 Therefore he had to be made like his brothers in every respect, so that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. 18 For because he himself has suffered when tempted, he is able to help those who are being tempted.
[32] Why do you suppose the legs were broken?
The Romans typically left decaying bodies on crosses long after death. However on certain ceremonial occasions, they could take the bodies down early, and breaking the legs would facilitate a quick death by preventing a person from prolonging his life by pushing up with his legs to be able to breathe.Are strength soon failed and asphyxiation ensued.
One of the reasons Rome chose crucifixion as the State’s method of execution was its slow, lingering death. By law the criminal was to hang upon the cross until he died from thirst, hunger, and exposure. Sometimes a man lingered for days under the heat of the broiling sun or the cold of winter night. suffering struck fear into the hearts of the captured populace and restrained severe crime.
The excavated bones of a crucified man from Givat ha-Mivtar (discovered near jerusalem in 1968), whose legs had been broken, provide confirmation of this practice.
[33] These soldiers were well experienced in such matters. They knew that Jesus was dead. There was no possibility of His being in a faint.
[34] No one knows for certain what the significance of blood and water means.
Any suggestions?
Maybe it pictures the two ordinances: baptism and the Lord’s Supper.
4 But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, 5 he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,
7 But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.
Or perhaps: Blood speaks of the cleansing from the guilt of sin; whereas water typifies cleansing from the defilement of sin through the Word.
Believer’s Bible Commentary K. Piercing of the Savior’s Side (19:31–37)
Let the water and the blood,
From Thy riven side which flowed
Be of sin the double cure,
Save me from its guilt and power.
—Augustus Toplady
[35-37] Prophecy being fulfilled.
46 It shall be eaten in one house; you shall not take any of the flesh outside the house, and you shall not break any of its bones.
Verse 36 speaking of the Passover lamb. God’s decree was that the bones were to be maintained unbroken. Christ is the true Passover Lamb, fulfilling the type with great exactness.
Verse 37 looks back to verse 34. Although the soldier did not realize it, his action was another wonderful fulfillment of Scripture: Zech. 12:10
10 “And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.
Zechariah’s prophecy refers to a future day when believing Jews will see the Lord coming back to the earth.