Sermon Tone Analysis
Overall tone of the sermon
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Conscientiousness
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Extraversion
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Agreeableness
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The Setting
Mark 10:1 (CSB)
1 He set out from there and went to the region of Judea and across the Jordan.
Then crowds converged on him again, and as was his custom he taught them again.
Jesus is enroute to Jerusalem
The Crowds come and he teaches — Kingdom Work
So do the pharisees.
The Pharisees
Mark 10:2 (CSB)
2 Some Pharisees came to test him, asking, “Is it lawful (authorized, permitted) for a man to divorce his wife?”
They are coming to test Jesus — to trap him.
The religious leaders try to get Jesus to incriminate himself through misinterpreting the law
Why Divorce?
Why do they ask about divorce?
It was as controversial then as it is today.
There were many different schools of thought and factions among the Jewish Leadership
The ESV Study Bible (Chapter 19)
There was a significant debate between Pharisaical parties on the correct interpretation of Moses’ divorce regulations (Deut.
24:1), as noted in this excerpt from the Mishnah, Gittin 9.10:
“The school of Shammai says: A man may not divorce his wife unless he has found unchastity in her.…
And the school of Hillel says: [He may divorce her] even if she spoiled a dish for him.…
Rabbi Akiba says, [he may divorce her] even if he found another fairer than she”
They are not actually interested in what position Jesus holds, they just hope he will say something incriminating.
something to discredit himself before the people
The closer he gets to Jerusalem, the Center for Jewish Leaders, the more he will be attacked.
Jesus Response
Mark 10:3–4 (CSB)
3 He replied to them, “What did Moses command you?”
4 They said, “Moses permitted us to write divorce papers and send her away.”
I love Jesus response
He points them to the Scriptures, to the Word of God.
they quote Deut 24:1-4.
Deuteronomy 24:1–4 (CSB)
1 “If a man marries a woman, but she becomes displeasing to him because he finds something indecent about her, he may write her a divorce certificate, hand it to her, and send her away from his house.
2 If after leaving his house she goes and becomes another man’s wife, 3 and the second man hates her, writes her a divorce certificate, hands it to her, and sends her away from his house or if he dies,
4 the first husband who sent her away may not marry her again after she has been defiled, because that would be detestable to the Lord.
You must not bring guilt on the land the Lord your God is giving you as an inheritance.
Deut 24
The ESV Study Bible (Chapter 24)
24:1–4 This is a good example of “case law,” where vv.
1–3 present the situation (“When …”) and v. 4 is the actual law (“then …”).
The law forbids the first husband taking back the wife he found no favor with after she is subsequently divorced or widowed.
By charging his wife with some indecency, the first husband acquired her dowry—her father’s marriage present to her—when he divorced her.
Remarrying, she was given a second dowry.
This example then implies that, when her second marriage ended (either through death or through more trivial grounds of divorce), she was able to keep her second dowry.
The first husband is forbidden to remarry her to acquire her second dowry.
This law protects the woman from exploitation by her first husband.
This is the only OT law about divorce.
Elsewhere divorce is presupposed (e.g., Lev.
21:7, 14; Num.
30:9).
See Jesus’ comments on this law in Matt.
5:31–32.
In Matt.
19:7, Pharisees defend their position on divorce by appeal to this law; Jesus, however, appeals to the creation account (Gen.
1:27; 2:24) to show God’s ethical ideal.
This law is a concession to hardness of hearts, preserving a minimum level of civility for the theocracy.
Genesis
Mark 10:5–9 (CSB)
5 But Jesus told them, “He wrote this command for you because of the hardness of your hearts.
6 But from the beginning of creation God made them male and female.
7 For this reason a man will leave his father and mother 8 and the two will become one flesh.
So they are no longer two, but one flesh.
9 Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
They go back to Deut 24 — Moses
But Jesus goes back further to Gen 2 — which is also Moses
He says, Deut 24 was written b/c of the hardness of your hearts.
But God’s creational design, God’s intention is given in the beginning
Gen 1:27, Gen 2:22-25.
Jesus Logic
God made human beings male and female
I suppose he could have made the asexual — without need for another
Interesting given the gender debates today
But God made them interdependent
made them for community
made the equal but different
made them complementary — made for one another
This is the REASON for the covenant of marriage
The man and wife will leave their families and create a new family
a one-flesh union
The two become one
a new creation
God’s brilliance — they are to be considered as one unit — union.
His conclusion — THEREFORE
Let no human being separate one God has joined
Jesus is for monogamous, male-female, lifelong marital union
Why?
B/c that is God’s intention, his created design
And his desire is to ‘bless us’ not withhold joy / hinder us
Blessing is favor from God, joy!
Excursus: Marriage and the Kingdom of God
Marriage is at the very center of God’s plan to bring His kingdom to earth.
Family is at the very center of God’s plan to bring His kingdom to earth
The Disciples Questions
Now, Jesus has been pretty clear
but maybe you have questions
That’s ok, so did the disciples, look
Mark 10:10 (CSB)
10 When they were in the house again, the disciples questioned him about this matter.
they did the right thing, they come to Jesus, the Word of God with their questions
That is what a disciple/follower of Jesus does
Questions
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